Take advantage of the search to browse through the World Heritage Centre information.

i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
ix
x
State of Conservation Search

State of Conservation

2234
Reports
448
Properties concerned
123
States Parties with SOC reports
bar_chart Statistics view_list List table_chart Table pin_drop Map
Excel File .xls All SOC (Zip file) .zip
Date end:2009close
Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) (1999)
States Parties: Argentina Brazil
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Industrial areas Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Aggressive natural environment
Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) (1993)
States Parties: Argentina Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Aggressive natural environment
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area (1998)
States Parties: China
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site (2003)
States Parties: El Salvador
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site (2001)
States Parties: El Salvador
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Earthquake
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site (1999)
States Parties: El Salvador
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Storms
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site (1998)
States Parties: El Salvador
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Flooding Management systems/ management plan Storms
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site (1997)
States Parties: El Salvador
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
K’gari (Fraser Island) (2001)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risk to humans posed by the dingo population
K’gari (Fraser Island) (2000)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Financial resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2009)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Land conversion Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2008)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Land conversion Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2007)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2006)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Land conversion Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2005)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2004)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2003)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2002)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2001)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-01/CONF.208/INF.4,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4,WHC.01/CONF.208/INF.4
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2000)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1999)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1998)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Danger List:  Yes
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1997)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1995)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1994)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities War
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1991)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1990)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Kakadu National Park (2005)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Ground water pollution Invasive/alien terrestrial species Mining
Kakadu National Park (2004)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground water pollution Mining
Kakadu National Park (2003)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Mining Surface water pollution
Kakadu National Park (2002)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Mining Surface water pollution
Kakadu National Park (2001)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (2000)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.202/INF.6,WHC-2000/CONF.203/INF.4,WHC-2000/CONF.203/INF.5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1999)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.9C,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.9D,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.9E,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.9F,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.9G,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1998)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.202/INF.3,WHC-98/CONF.202/INF.3 Rev,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1997)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1991)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1986)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kasbah of Algiers (2009)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Erosion and siltation/ deposition Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Underground transport infrastructure
Other Threats: b) Lack of maintenance of dwelling places;
Kasbah of Algiers (2007)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Erosion and siltation/ deposition Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Poor upkeep of the dwelling places
Kasbah of Algiers (2005)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Erosion and siltation/ deposition Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Lack of maintenance of housing; b) Collapse of houses (three dead and others injured in May 2002)
Kasbah of Algiers (2004)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Natural erosion, b) Dilapidation, c) Lack of maintenance
Kasbah of Algiers (2003)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (2001)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1996)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1995)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1994)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1993)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kathmandu Valley (2008)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Kathmandu Valley (2007)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Kathmandu Valley (2006)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: loss of traditional urban fabric
Danger List:  Yes
Kathmandu Valley (2005)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Kathmandu Valley (2004)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Danger List:  Yes
Kathmandu Valley (2003)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/INF.7C
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (2001)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (2000)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.203/INF.4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10,WHC-2000/CONF.204/INF.21,WHC-2000/CONF.204/INF.22
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1999)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.19,WHC-99/CONF.209/14,WHC.99/CONF.208/INF.8A,WHC.99/CONF.208/INF.8B,WHC.99/CONF.208/INF.8C
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1998)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.202/INF.6,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1997)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1996)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1995)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1994)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2,WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1993)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Financial resources Housing Human resources Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1992)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Financial resources Housing Human resources Management activities
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1991)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Management activities
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1990)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1989)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Other Threats: Collapse of the roof of a Temple
Kaziranga National Park (2009)
States Parties: India
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Human resources Illegal activities
Kaziranga National Park (2008)
States Parties: India
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Human resources Illegal activities
Other Threats: Insufficient infrastructure
Kaziranga National Park (2002)
States Parties: India
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Financial resources Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Elephant-human conflicts
Kaziranga National Park (2001)
States Parties: India
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Financial resources Illegal activities
Other Threats: Elephant-human conflicts
Kaziranga National Park (2000)
States Parties: India
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Flooding Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Kaziranga National Park (1999)
States Parties: India
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Flooding Management systems/ management plan
Kaziranga National Park (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Flooding Illegal activities Society's valuing of heritage
Keoladeo National Park (2009)
States Parties: India
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Invasive / alien freshwater species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Keoladeo National Park (2008)
States Parties: India
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Invasive / alien freshwater species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Keoladeo National Park (2007)
States Parties: India
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Drought Invasive / alien freshwater species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Keoladeo National Park (2006)
States Parties: India
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Drought Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien freshwater species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Keoladeo National Park (2005)
States Parties: India
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Drought Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Keoladeo National Park (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Other Threats: Decline in the population of Siberian cranes
Keoladeo National Park (1994)
States Parties: India
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Water (extraction)
Other Threats: Decline in the population of Siberian cranes
Keoladeo National Park (1990)
States Parties: India
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Water (extraction)
Other Threats: Decline in the population of Siberian cranes
Khajuraho Group of Monuments (2000)
States Parties: India
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion
Khami Ruins National Monument (1996)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for structural stabilization and repair of collapsed sections of walls
Kizhi Pogost (2009)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Structural integrity of the Church of the Transfiguration
Kizhi Pogost (2008)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Structural integrity of the Church of the Transfiguration
Kizhi Pogost (2007)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Structural integrity of the Church of the Transfiguration
Kizhi Pogost (2006)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Structural integrity of the Church of the Transfiguration
Kizhi Pogost (2005)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: a) Structural integrity and stability of the Church of the Transfiguration; b) Deformation of wooden structures.
Kizhi Pogost (2004)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Financial resources Management activities
Other Threats: Fragile wooden heritage
Kizhi Pogost (2003)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the structures
Kizhi Pogost (2001)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Other Threats: Deterioration of the structures
Kizhi Pogost (1994)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2,WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Financial resources Governance Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of fire /lightning protection; Deformation and deterioration of the structures
Kizhi Pogost (1993)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Financial resources Governance Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of fire /lightning protection; Deformation and deterioration of the structures
Kizhi Pogost (1992)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Governance Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of fire /lightning protection; Deformation and deterioration of the structures
Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek (1993)
States Parties: Canada United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (2002)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (2001)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (2000)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Komodo National Park (1999)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Komodo National Park (1997)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (1996)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (1995)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (2009)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Erection of a monument in honour of Marshal G. Zhukov
Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (2008)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing
Other Threats: Erection of a monument in honour of Marshal G. Zhukov
Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (2007)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing
Other Threats: Erection of a monument in honour of Marshal G. Zhukov
Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (1994)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Other Threats: Erection project of a monument on the Red Square
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2009)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Partial abandonment of the property;
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2007)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Near total abandonment of the property
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2006)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Near total abandonment of the property
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2005)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Near total abandonment of the site
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2004)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: State of abandonment and degradation
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2003)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Other Threats: Site in a state of quasi-total abandon and greatly degraded
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2002)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Other Threats: This site has progressively become degraded
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2001)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Other Threats: This site has progressively become degraded
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (2000)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Other Threats: This site has progressively become abandoned and has degraded
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (1992)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Other Threats: No threat indicated
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (2009)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (2008)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (2004)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (2003)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (1999)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (1998)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
L'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre (2009)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
L'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre (2007)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
L'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre (2005)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
L'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre (2004)
States Parties: Ukraine
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management activities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage Solid waste
Other Threats: Conflict between the construction of new properties and the restoration of existing buildings
La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico (1993)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Other Threats: No specific threat identified
Lake Baikal (2009)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground water pollution Housing Illegal activities Land conversion Legal framework Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Lake Baikal (2008)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion Legal framework Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (2007)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (2006)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Illegal activities Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (2005)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Forestry /wood production Major linear utilities Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (2004)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Legal framework Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution
Other Threats: a) Decline of the seal population; b) Forest fires
Lake Baikal (2003)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Continuing decline of the Baikal Seal population
Lake Baikal (2002)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Continuing decline of the Baikal Seal population
Lake Baikal (2001)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.207/INF.8,WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Continuing decline of the Baikal Seal population
Lake Baikal (2000)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Housing Illegal activities Legal framework Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (1999)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (1998)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Legal framework Surface water pollution
Lake Baikal (1997)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Surface water pollution
Lake Malawi National Park (1995)
States Parties: Malawi
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Forestry /wood production Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Lamu Old Town (2009)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Industrial areas Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure Oil and gas Solid waste
Other Threats: Fire
Lamu Old Town (2008)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Fire
Lamu Old Town (2007)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Fire
Lamu Old Town (2006)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Lamu Old Town (2005)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: a) Fire; b) Lack of law enforcement
Lamu Old Town (2004)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Fire
Lamu Old Town (2003)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Legal framework Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Laurisilva of Madeira (2009)
States Parties: Portugal
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Levoča, Spišský Hrad and the Associated Cultural Monuments (2004)
States Parties: Slovakia
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Levoča, Spišský Hrad and the Associated Cultural Monuments (2003)
States Parties: Slovakia
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Quarrying
Levoča, Spišský Hrad and the Associated Cultural Monuments (2002)
States Parties: Slovakia
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Quarrying
Levoča, Spišský Hrad and the Associated Cultural Monuments (2001)
States Parties: Slovakia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Quarrying
Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa (2009)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa (2007)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Crop production Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Illegal activities Mining
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa (2006)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Crop production Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa (2005)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Crop production Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa (2000)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City (2009)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Management systems/ management plan
Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City (2008)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Management systems/ management plan
Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City (2007)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City (2006)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing
Lorentz National Park (2008)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Housing Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lorentz National Park (2007)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Housing Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lorentz National Park (2006)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Housing Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lorentz National Park (2005)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Governance Housing Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lorentz National Park (2004)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Forestry /wood production Governance Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Security limitations on staff and public access to parts of the Park; b) Fire
Lorentz National Park (2003)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lorentz National Park (2002)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Lorentz National Park (2001)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Lorentz National Park (2000)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Los Glaciares National Park (1986)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Water infrastructure
Los Glaciares National Park (1985)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Los Katíos National Park (2009)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Civil unrest Ground transport infrastructure Ground water pollution Illegal activities Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Los Katíos National Park (2008)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Civil unrest Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Los Katíos National Park (2001)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Los Katíos National Park (2000)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Los Katíos National Park (1999)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14,WHC.99/CONF.208/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Los Katíos National Park (1998)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Lower Valley of the Awash (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Human resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Lower Valley of the Omo (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2009)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: b) Impact on the archaeological remains, as well as on the visual integrity of the property by the Maya Devi Temple constructed in 2002
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2008)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Impact of the new structure of the Maya Devi Temple (constructed in 2002) on the archaeological remains, as well as on the visual integrity.
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2006)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Impact on the archaeological remains as well as on the visual integrity of the site by the newly constructed Maya Devi Temple in 2002.
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2005)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Impact of new structure of the Maya Devi Temple in the core area
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2004)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2003)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Extremely harsh natural environment; Improve the drainage for the Temple
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2002)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Extremely harsh natural environment; Improve the drainage for the Temple
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2001)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Extremely harsh natural environment; Improve the drainage for the Temple
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2000)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Extremely harsh natural environment
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (1999)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Extremely harsh natural environment
M'Zab Valley (2008)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Flooding Ground water pollution Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Degradation of the environment
M'Zab Valley (2006)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Flooding Ground water pollution Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the environment
M'Zab Valley (2004)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Housing Legal framework
Other Threats: Heritage badly maintained
M'Zab Valley (2001)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
Other Threats: Degradation of the overall natural environment
Macquarie Island (2008)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Macquarie Island (2007)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Madara Rider (1991)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Relative humidity Temperature Wind
Other Threats: Lack of stability of the rock; Lack of convergence of local opinions on the real extent of the problem, the possible solutions
Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley (2008)
States Parties: Andorra
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley (2006)
States Parties: Andorra
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley (2005)
States Parties: Andorra
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2007)
States Parties: India
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Loss of character of the cultural landscape directly associated with the property and its outstanding universal value
Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2006)
States Parties: India
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of detailed property documentation
Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2005)
States Parties: India
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2004)
States Parties: India
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses
Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2003)
States Parties: India
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses
Mammoth Cave National Park (2002)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Industrial areas
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1994)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Illegal activities Oil and gas
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1989)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Oil and gas
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1987)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Illegal activities
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1986)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2009)
States Parties: India
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Crop production Illegal activities
Other Threats: b) Forced evacuation of Park staff
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2008)
States Parties: India
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Crop production Illegal activities
Other Threats: Forced evacuation of Park stafDestruction of Park infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2007)
States Parties: India
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Crop production Illegal activities
Other Threats: Forced evacuation of Park staff; and Destruction of Park infrastructur
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2006)
States Parties: India
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Crop production Illegal activities
Other Threats: a) Forced evacuation of Park staffb) Destruction of Park infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2005)
States Parties: India
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities
Other Threats: Destruction to park infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2004)
States Parties: India
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Illegal activities
Other Threats: Damaged Park infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2003)
States Parties: India
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2002)
States Parties: India
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2001)
States Parties: India
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2000)
States Parties: India
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1999)
States Parties: India
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1998)
States Parties: India
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1996)
States Parties: India
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1995)
States Parties: India
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1994)
States Parties: India
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1993)
States Parties: India
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures;
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1992)
States Parties: India
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1991)
States Parties: India
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1990)
States Parties: India
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1989)
States Parties: India
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1986)
States Parties: India
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2009)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2008)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2007)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2006)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Other Threats: Transhumance
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2005)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2004)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Illegal activities
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2003)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A,WHC.03/27.COM/7A.Corr
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Legal framework Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Mining Oil and gas Subsistence hunting
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2001)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4,WHC-2001/CONF.205/INF.6
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2000)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1999)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1998)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1997)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1993)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1992)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1990)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Illegal activities
Manú National Park (2008)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Oil and gas
Manú National Park (2007)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Legal framework Oil and gas
Manú National Park (1989)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Oil and gas
Manú National Park (1988)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A,SC-88/CONF.007/13
Threats*: Oil and gas
Matobo Hills (2005)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (2002)
States Parties: China
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Other Threats: earthen architecture conservation problems
Maya Site of Copan (2009)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure High impact research / monitoring activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
Maya Site of Copan (2008)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure High impact research / monitoring activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
Maya Site of Copan (2007)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Maya Site of Copan (2006)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Maya Site of Copan (2005)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Maya Site of Copan (2004)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Maya Site of Copan (2003)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Maya Site of Copan (1999)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Storms
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
Maya Site of Copan (1998)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Storms
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
Maya Site of Copan (1997)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
Maya Site of Copan (1993)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
Medieval City of Rhodes (1995)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Legal framework
Other Threats: Need for safeguarding and enhancement measures
Medieval City of Rhodes (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Legal framework
Other Threats: Need for safeguarding and enhancement measures
Medieval Monuments in Kosovo (2009)
States Parties: Serbia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add,WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add.Corr
Threats*: Civil unrest Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: e) Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property
Danger List:  Yes
Medieval Monuments in Kosovo (2008)
States Parties: Serbia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property
Danger List:  Yes
Medieval Monuments in Kosovo (2007)
States Parties: Serbia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Difficulties to monitor the property
Danger List:  Yes
Medina of Essaouira (formerly Mogador) (2008)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Solid waste
Other Threats: a) Progressive deterioration of the built area b) Continuous collapse of buildingsc) Major deterioration of the maritime part of the fortifications of the Medina
Medina of Essaouira (formerly Mogador) (2006)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Solid waste
Other Threats: a) Progressive deterioration of the built framework; b) Continuous collapse of the buildings; c) Advanced deterioration of the maritime part of the fortified wall of the Medina
Medina of Essaouira (formerly Mogador) (2005)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Commercial development Solid waste
Other Threats: a) Progressive deterioration of the built framework; b) Absence of a rehabilitation policy for the Mellah Quarter; c) Continuous collapse of the buildings and advanced deterioration of the maritime part of the fortified wall of the Medina
Medina of Essaouira (formerly Mogador) (2004)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Commercial development Erosion and siltation/ deposition Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Input of excess energy Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: The general state of conservation of the property is a cause for concern
Medina of Fez (2004)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Illegal activities Solid waste
Medina of Fez (2003)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Other Threats: partial covering of the Oued Boukhrareb
Medina of Fez (1997)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing
Medina of Fez (1996)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing
Medina of Fez (1995)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing
Megalithic Temples of Malta (2008)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Megalithic Temples of Malta (2007)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Solid waste
Megalithic Temples of Malta (2005)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Illegal activities Interpretative and visitation facilities Solid waste
Megalithic Temples of Malta (2004)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Input of excess energy Solid waste
Megalithic Temples of Malta (2001)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage
Other Threats: Instability of structures
Megalithic Temples of Malta (1995)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Quarrying Storms
Other Threats: Worrying state of conservation of some temples; Fragility of the structures (cracks, etc.); Partial collapse of a temple
Megalithic Temples of Malta (1994)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Quarrying Storms
Other Threats: Worrying state of conservation of some temples; Fragility of the structures (cracks, etc.)
Megalithic Temples of Malta (1992)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2009)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Underground transport infrastructure
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2008)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Underground transport infrastructure
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2007)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Commercial development Housing
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2006)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2005)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Commercial development
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2004)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Commercial development
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2003)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Management systems/ management plan
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2002)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Commercial development Management systems/ management plan
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (1995)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca (2009)
States Parties: Malaysia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (2007)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (2005)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Housing Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (2004)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Underground transport infrastructure
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (2003)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Underground transport infrastructure
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (2001)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1999)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1998)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1997)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1995)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1994)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1993)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1990)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Miguasha National Park (2005)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Localised utilities Oil and gas
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2009)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Deliberate destruction of heritage Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret
Danger List:  Yes
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2008)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret
Danger List:  Yes
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2007)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret
Danger List:  Yes
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2006)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Inclination of Minaret
Danger List:  Yes
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2005)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Leaning of the Minaret
Danger List:  Yes
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2004)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Ground transport infrastructure Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for consolidation and restoration of the monument
Danger List:  Yes
Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2003)
States Parties: Afghanistan
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A,WHC.03/27.COM/7A.Corr
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Flooding Ground transport infrastructure Human resources Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for consolidation and restoration of the monument
Danger List:  Yes
Mogao Caves (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Other Threats: Deterioration of the mural paintings in the caves due to salt migration; Some built features have nothing to do with the site and should be destroyed (concrete tower, modern blockhouse, ...)
Monastery of Batalha (1990)
States Parties: Portugal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Management activities Micro-organisms Relative humidity Storms Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Poor quality of the stone and weaknesses in the resistance; Cracks; Consolidation work is not undertaken
Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belém in Lisbon (1990)
States Parties: Portugal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Management activities Micro-organisms Relative humidity Storms Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Poor quality of the stone and weaknesses in the resistance; Cracks; Consolidation work is not undertaken
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (2003)
States Parties: France
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management systems/ management plan
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (2000)
States Parties: France
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management systems/ management plan Storms
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1999)
States Parties: France
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management systems/ management plan
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1997)
States Parties: France
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management systems/ management plan
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1991)
States Parties: France
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/2
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1990)
States Parties: France
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Morne Trois Pitons National Park (2001)
States Parties: Dominica
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Morne Trois Pitons National Park (1999)
States Parties: Dominica
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Morne Trois Pitons National Park (1998)
States Parties: Dominica
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (2008)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Air pollution Drought Housing Input of excess energy Invasive/alien terrestrial species Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Surface water pollution Water (extraction)
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (2007)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Air pollution Drought Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy Surface water pollution Water (extraction)
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (2006)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Air pollution Drought Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution Water (extraction)
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (2001)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Financial resources Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (2000)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Financial resources Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1999)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Financial resources Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1998)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1996)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1994)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1993)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1992)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mount Athos (2008)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Earthquake Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Mount Athos (2006)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Mount Athos (2005)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Mount Athos (2004)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Mount Athos (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Other Threats: chemical pollution
Mount Athos (1992)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Fire (widlfires)
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (2003)
States Parties: China
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (2000)
States Parties: China
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (1999)
States Parties: China
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Mount Huangshan (1998)
States Parties: China
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Pine-wilt disease infesting the legendary Huangshan pines
Mount Huangshan (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Solid waste
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2009)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Community-wildlife conflict
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2008)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Community-wildlife conflict;
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2004)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2003)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Land conversion Legal framework Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Uncontrolled forest land excisions, in the Mount Hombe and Ragat blocks
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2002)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Land conversion Legal framework Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Uncontrolled forest land excisions, in the Mount Hombe and Ragat blocks
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2001)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest (2000)
States Parties: Kenya
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2009)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Forestry /wood production Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2008)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2007)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2006)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Financial resources Forestry /wood production Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2005)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2004)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Commercial hunting Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Mining Subsistence hunting
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2003)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Commercial hunting Financial resources Forestry /wood production Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Mining Oil and gas Subsistence hunting
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2002)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2001)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2000)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1999)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1998)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1996)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1995)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1994)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1993)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1992)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1991)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1990)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3,CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1989)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1987)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1986)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1984)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Financial resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Mount Taishan (1998)
States Parties: China
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities
Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (1998)
States Parties: China
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Air pollution Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Many buildings in a bad state of conservation
Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Air pollution Housing Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Many buildings in a bad state of conservation
My Son Sanctuary (2002)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Other Threats: Presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO)
Nahanni National Park (2006)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Mining Oil and gas
Nahanni National Park (2004)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Nahanni National Park (2003)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Nahanni National Park (2002)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Nahanni National Park (2001)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 2001
Document Source: ,WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Mining
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1998)
States Parties: India
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Conflicts between the management and local people
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities Subsistence wild plant collection
National History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers (1993)
States Parties: Haiti
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Financial resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Consolidation of the Sans Souci Palace and rehabilitation of the Royal Gardens required
National History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers (1991)
States Parties: Haiti
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Earthquake Flooding Storms Water (rain/water table)
Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region (1998)
States Parties: Albania North Macedonia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Economic and demographic developments
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2009)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Earthquake Ground transport infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2008)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Earthquake Housing Management systems/ management plan
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2007)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Earthquake Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management systems/ management plan
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2006)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Earthquake Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management systems/ management plan
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2005)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Earthquake Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management systems/ management plan
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2004)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2003)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A,WHC.03/27.COM/INF.7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need to take appropriate measures for the effective protection of the cultural landscape
Danger List:  Yes
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2002)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Earthquake
Danger List:  Yes
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (1995)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Earthquake
Danger List:  Yes
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (1979)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1979
Document Source: CC-79/CONF.015/4
Threats*: Earthquake
Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (2009)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (2008)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2009)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Crop production Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien freshwater species Land conversion Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2007)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Crop production Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien freshwater species Land conversion
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2006)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Crop production Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive/alien terrestrial species Land conversion
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2005)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive/alien terrestrial species Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2004)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: a) Decline in animals population; b) Reduction of control fires
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2002)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Other Threats: Decline of the fauna populations
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2001)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Crop production Ground transport infrastructure Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2000)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1999)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1994)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Crop production
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1993)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Crop production
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1989)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/11,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1988)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A,SC-88/CONF.007/13
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1987)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1986)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1985)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1984)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC-84/CONF.001/4,SC/84/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1983)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1983
Document Source: SC/83/CONF.009/8
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (2009)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining Translocated species Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Niokolo-Koba National Park (2008)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining Translocated species Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Niokolo-Koba National Park (2007)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Translocated species Water infrastructure
Niokolo-Koba National Park (2006)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Translocated species
Other Threats: Serious deterioration in the state of conservation with regard to its large mammal fauna
Niokolo-Koba National Park (2001)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.207/INF.7,WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Niokolo-Koba National Park (2000)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1993)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1992)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1990)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3,CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1989)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1988)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1987)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1986)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park (2001)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Mining
Nubian Monuments from Abu Simbel to Philae (1999)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Housing
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2009)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2008)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2007)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A,WHC/17/41.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Civil unrest Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2006)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2005)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2004)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2003)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2002)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2001)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-01/CONF.208/INF.4,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4,WHC.01/CONF.208/INF.4
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2000)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Illegal activities Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (1999)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Illegal activities Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (1998)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Illegal activities Mining War
Danger List:  Yes
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Illegal activities Mining War
Old and New Towns of Edinburgh (2009)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Fire
Old and New Towns of Edinburgh (2008)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Solid waste
Other Threats: Fire
Old and New Towns of Edinburgh (2004)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Fire
Old and New Towns of Edinburgh (2003)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Fire
Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar (2009)
States Parties: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Other Threats: b) Cracks appearing on the surface of the bridge
Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar (2008)
States Parties: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Other Threats: Cracks at the Mostar bridge
Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar (2007)
States Parties: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar (2006)
States Parties: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Old City of Berne (1998)
States Parties: Switzerland
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Other Threats: Fire in January 1997
Old City of Berne (1997)
States Parties: Switzerland
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Other Threats: Fire in January 1997
Old City of Dubrovnik (1998)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1997)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Earthquake Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1996)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A
Threats*: Earthquake Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1995)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1994)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1993)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1992)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1991)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: War
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2009)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Governance High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2008)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A.Add.2
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Governance High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Natural risk factors b) Deterioration of monuments
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2007)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A.Add.2,WHC-07/31.COM/7A.Add.3
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Governance High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Natural risk factorsDeterioration of monuments
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2006)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A.Add.Rev
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Governance High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monument
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2005)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Governance High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Natural risk factors; b) Conservation of archaeological heritage; c) Deterioration of monuments; d) Alteration of the built fabric.
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2004)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Earthquake Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Financial resources High impact research / monitoring activities Housing Human resources Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste Temperature change
Other Threats: a) Lack of maintenance; b) Natural factors
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (1982)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 1982
Document Source: CLT-82/CONF.014/3,CLT-82/CONF.014/6
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Loss of historical authenticity
Old City of Salamanca (2009)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Salamanca (2008)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Salamanca (2007)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Salamanca (2006)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Salamanca (2005)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Housing
Old City of Salamanca (2004)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Salamanca (2003)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Salamanca (2002)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Sana'a (2001)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old City of Sana'a (1999)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
Old City of Sana'a (1998)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
Old City of Sana'a (1991)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
Old City of Sana'a (1990)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
Old Havana and its Fortification System (1993)
States Parties: Cuba
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Storms
Old Rauma (1993)
States Parties: Finland
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/2,WHC.93/CONF.002/2
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (2007)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (2006)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (2005)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (2004)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (2003)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (1994)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (1993)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (2009)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (2008)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure Tsunami/tidal wave
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (2005)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Tsunami/tidal wave
Other Threats: Lack of maintenance of historic buildings and lack of control on building activities within the World Heritage historic centre
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (2001)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Housing Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (1999)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Housing Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Lijiang (2009)
States Parties: China
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Progressive loss of integrity and authenticity
Old Town of Lijiang (2008)
States Parties: China
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Lijiang (2007)
States Parties: China
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Commercial development Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Interpretative and visitation facilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Old town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (2009)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management activities
Old town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (2007)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management activities
Other Threats: a) Parts of the Thurn and Taxis Castle to be converted into a hoteb) Dachauplatz parking garage façade being redesigned
Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct (2006)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Other Threats: Listed as one of the “100 Most Endangered Sites” by the World Monuments Fund in 2005
Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct (1997)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Old Towns of Djenné (2008)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
Old Towns of Djenné (2007)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Housing dilapidation
Old Towns of Djenné (2006)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Housing dilapidation
Old Towns of Djenné (2005)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Solid waste
Other Threats: Dilapidation of dwellings
Old Towns of Djenné (1998)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Old Walled City of Shibam (1998)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Flooding Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Old Walled City of Shibam (1997)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Threats*: Flooding Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Old Walled City of Shibam (1993)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5,WHC-93/CONF.002/5 Add.1
Threats*: Flooding
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Old Walled City of Shibam (1991)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Flooding
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Olympic National Park (1992)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Pollution of marine waters
Olympic National Park (1991)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Pollution of marine waters
Olympic National Park (1990)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Pollution of marine waters
Ouadi Qadisha (the Holy Valley) and the Forest of the Cedars of God (Horsh Arz el-Rab) (2003)
States Parties: Lebanon
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Land conversion Legal framework Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn (2009)
States Parties: Austria
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn (2008)
States Parties: Austria
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn (2006)
States Parties: Austria
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn (2005)
States Parties: Austria
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Housing
Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (2000)
States Parties: France
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Housing
Palace and Park of Versailles (2000)
States Parties: France
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Storms
Palace and Park of Versailles (1990)
States Parties: France
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/12
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Palace and Park of Versailles (1989)
States Parties: France
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church (2009)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church (2008)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church (2007)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (2004)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Fire
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (2003)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Other Threats: Fire
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (2001)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Impact of the Havel waterway improvement project on the cultural landscape
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (2000)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1999)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1998)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.202/INF.7,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1997)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.204/INF.8,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B,WHC-97/CONF.208/INF.11 ,WHC.97/CONF.204/INF.08
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1996)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1995)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.202/5 Add.,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1993)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Paphos (2004)
States Parties: Cyprus
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Interpretative and visitation facilities
Paris, Banks of the Seine (2000)
States Parties: France
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Storms
Paris, Banks of the Seine (1992)
States Parties: France
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Housing
Parthian Fortresses of Nisa (2009)
States Parties: Turkmenistan
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Parthian Fortresses of Nisa (2008)
States Parties: Turkmenistan
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (2001)
States Parties: China
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Mining Quarrying
Other Threats: Lack of maintenance ; Industrial pollution
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (2000)
States Parties: China
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Financial resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of maintenance ; Halt of site excavations
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (1999)
States Parties: China
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Financial resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of maintenance ; Halt of site excavations
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of maintenance ; Halt of site excavations
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Unstable archaeological strata and cave roof
Petra (2001)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Commercial development Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (2000)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Commercial development Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1998)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Commercial development Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1997)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Commercial development Flooding Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1996)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Commercial development Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1995)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1994)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (2005)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (2004)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (1994)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Other Threats: inclination of the tower
Pirin National Park (2009)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Pirin National Park (2007)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Pirin National Park (2005)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Pirin National Park (2004)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Pirin National Park (2003)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Pirin National Park (2002)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/INF.9
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Pirin National Park (2001)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Pirin National Park (2000)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.203/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Pirin National Park (1991)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Pirin National Park (1986)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pirin National Park (1985)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pitons Management Area (2009)
States Parties: Saint Lucia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pitons Management Area (2008)
States Parties: Saint Lucia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pitons Management Area (2007)
States Parties: Saint Lucia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1998)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1997)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1996)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.201/INF.14,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Neglected Park infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1995)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1994)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1993)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1992)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5,WHC-92/CONF.002/7 Rev
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1991)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (1992)
States Parties: France
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/12
Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena (2008)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of conservation of the Church of Santo Domingo
Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena (2004)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena (2003)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Housing
Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena (1993)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Prambanan Temple Compounds (2009)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Earthquake
Prambanan Temple Compounds (2007)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Earthquake
Prambanan Temple Compounds (2006)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Earthquake
Prambanan Temple Compounds (1995)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (2009)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (2008)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (2007)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (2005)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Commercial development Management systems/ management plan
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (1998)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Commercial development Management systems/ management plan
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (1997)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Legal framework
Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (2009)
States Parties: France
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Micro-organisms
Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (2008)
States Parties: France
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add2
Threats*: Micro-organisms
Purnululu National Park (2008)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Mining
Purnululu National Park (2005)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Mining
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2009)
States Parties: Spain France
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2008)
States Parties: Spain France
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2007)
States Parties: Spain France
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2006)
States Parties: Spain France
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2005)
States Parties: Spain France
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2004)
States Parties: Spain France
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos (1993)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Qal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun (2009)
States Parties: Bahrain
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Land conversion Marine transport infrastructure
Qal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun (2007)
States Parties: Bahrain
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Land conversion Marine transport infrastructure
Qal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun (2006)
States Parties: Bahrain
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Quseir Amra (1998)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Quseir Amra (1997)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Quseir Amra (1994)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Illegal activities Management activities Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Cracks in the surface of the vaults
Rainforests of the Atsinanana (2009)
States Parties: Madagascar
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Commercial hunting Fire (widlfires) Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Rangiri Dambulla Cave Temple (1999)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses
Other Threats: General deterioration of the Golden Temple
Rangiri Dambulla Cave Temple (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Rapa Nui National Park (1998)
States Parties: Chile
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: High impact research / monitoring activities Marine transport infrastructure
Red Fort Complex (2008)
States Parties: India
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Redwood National and State Parks (1995)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Redwood National and State Parks (1994)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2009)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Housing Human resources Management activities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2008)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Housing Human resources Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2007)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Human resources Management activities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2006)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A.Add.Rev
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Housing Human resources Illegal activities Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2005)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2004)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2003)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Financial resources Housing Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2002)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2001)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.207/INF.5,WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2000)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (1999)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape (2009)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Mining
Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape (2008)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Mining
Rila Monastery (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Rila Monastery (1992)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Earthquake
Other Threats: Structural issues, cracks
Río Abiseo National Park (1994)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Other Threats: Fire; Lack of regular vigilance and inspection; Deterioration of the archaeological remains
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2009)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2008)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Crop production Housing Illegal activities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2007)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2006)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2005)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Forestry /wood production Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2004)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Crop production Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Legal framework Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of infrastructure and services for small producers and potential tourism initiatives hinder sustainable economic development and are underlying causes for poverty, leading to over-exploitation of natural resources
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2003)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A,WHC.03/27.COM/7A.Corr
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Invasive / alien freshwater species Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2001)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2000)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Storms
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1999)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Storms Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1998)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Storms Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1996)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1995)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1991)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1990)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1989)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1988)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/13
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
Robben Island (2009)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: d) Difficulties with operational aspects of maintenance and conservation implementation including lack of preventive maintenance funding and programminge) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritage
Robben Island (2007)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritageb) Lack of integration of natural values in management of site
Robben Island (2006)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritageb) Lack of integration of natural values in management of sit
Robben Island (2005)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Difficulties with operational aspects of maintenance and conservation implementation ; b) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritage; c) Lack of integration of natural values in management of site
Robben Island (2004)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: a) Natural values and cultural landscape qualities are not yet reflected in the islands management structure and conservation priorities; b) Fire
Robben Island (2003)
States Parties: South Africa
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Natural values and cultural landscape qualities are not yet reflected in the islands management structure and conservation priorities
Rock Art of Alta (2004)
States Parties: Norway
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage
Rock Carvings in Tanum (1999)
States Parties: Sweden
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Rock Carvings in Tanum (1998)
States Parties: Sweden
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Rock Drawings in Valcamonica (2009)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan
Rock Drawings in Valcamonica (2007)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan
Rock Drawings in Valcamonica (2005)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Rock Drawings in Valcamonica (2004)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Rock-Hewn Churches of Ivanovo (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (2009)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Earthquake Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Geological and architectural characteristics of the churches.
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (2008)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Geological and architectural characteristics of the churches
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (2007)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (2006)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (2000)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1998)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1997)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1995)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Other Threats: Need for restoration and rehabilitation of the monuments
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (2001)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Human resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (2000)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1999)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1998)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Housing
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1997)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Housing
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1996)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Housing
Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain (2005)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain (2004)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain (2003)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain (2001)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Royal Hill of Ambohimanga (2003)
States Parties: Madagascar
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Storms
Royal Palaces of Abomey (2008)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Legal framework
Other Threats: Major deterioration of almost 50% of the earthen structural components;
Royal Palaces of Abomey (2007)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Major deterioration of nearly two-thirds of the earthen brick structures
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (2006)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Grave degradation of nearly two thirds of the mud brick buildings
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (2005)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Serious degradation of nearly 2/3 of the mud-brick constructions
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (2004)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Serious degradation of nearly 2/3 of the mud-brick constructions
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (2003)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1998)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1997)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1995)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1994)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Storms
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1985)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Storms
Røros Mining Town and the Circumference (1994)
States Parties: Norway
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risk of uncontrolled property development
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2009)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Governance Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric
Danger List:  Yes
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2008)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A.Add.2
Threats*: Governance Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric
Danger List:  Yes
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2007)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Collapsing monumentsNo participation of community
Danger List:  Yes
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2006)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Collapsing monumentsb) No participation of communit
Danger List:  Yes
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2005)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: - Collapsing monuments- No participation of communit
Danger List:  Yes
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2004)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Financial resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Collapsing monuments due to lack of maintenance
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (1996)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Illegal activities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: General poor state of conservation
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2009)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2008)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2007)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Localised utilities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2005)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of monitoring system
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2004)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Absence of photographic information and lack of action taken with regard to the “fragmentary terracotta plaques in the custodian’s house”
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2003)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the authentic characteristics of the property
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (2002)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the authentic characteristics of the property
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (1995)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2009)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Mining Other climate change impacts
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2007)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Mining
Other Threats: Degradation of buffer zone
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2006)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Mining
Other Threats: Degradation of buffer zone
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2005)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: a) Anti-personnel mines infestation in the park; b) Degradation of lands around the park
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2004)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: a) Serious security issues (landmines); b) Fires
Danger List:  Yes
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2003)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Forestry /wood production Human resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Unsustainable resource use practices
Danger List:  Yes
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2001)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Unsustainable resource use practices
Danger List:  Yes
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2000)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Unsustainable resource use practices
Danger List:  Yes
Rwenzori Mountains National Park (1999)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Sacred City of Anuradhapura (1998)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Sacred City of Kandy (1999)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan Terrorism
Sacred City of Kandy (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range (2006)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Sagarmatha National Park (2009)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature change
Sagarmatha National Park (2007)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature change
Sagarmatha National Park (2006)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature change
Sagarmatha National Park (2004)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Sagarmatha National Park (2003)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
Sagarmatha National Park (1999)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
Sagarmatha National Park (1998)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
Sagarmatha National Park (1997)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Sagarmatha National Park (1989)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12
Other Threats: Fire at the Tengboche monastery
Saint Catherine Area (2004)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Salonga National Park (2009)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2008)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting War
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2007)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting War
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2006)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting War
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2005)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion War
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2004)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2003)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Housing Human resources Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2002)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Housing Human resources Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2001)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-01/CONF.208/INF.4,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4,WHC.01/CONF.208/INF.4
Threats*: Housing Human resources Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (2000)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Salonga National Park (1999)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14,WHC.99/CONF.208/5
Threats*: Housing Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (2009)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management activities
Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (2008)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management activities
Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (2007)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management activities
Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (2006)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management activities
Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (2005)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure High impact research / monitoring activities Management activities
Samarra Archaeological City (2009)
States Parties: Iraq
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: War
Danger List:  Yes
Samarra Archaeological City (2008)
States Parties: Iraq
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A
Threats*: War
Danger List:  Yes
San Agustín Archaeological Park (2009)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: State of conservation of the fabric of monolithic sculpture
San Agustín Archaeological Park (2007)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: State of conservation of the fabric of monolithic sculpture
Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas (1993)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Other Threats: Architecture of mediocre quality around the property; Conservation issue of woodwork and mural paintings
Sangay National Park (2008)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Sangay National Park (2007)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Sangay National Park (2006)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Sangay National Park (2005)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (2004)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (2003)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (2001)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (2000)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1999)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.17,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1998)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1997)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1996)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1995)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1994)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1993)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1992)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Sangay National Park (1991)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Sangay National Park (1989)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Sangiran Early Man Site (2009)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Sangiran Early Man Site (2008)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Sangiran Early Man Site (2007)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Sangiran Early Man Site (2002)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) (1993)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Sceilg Mhichíl (2008)
States Parties: Ireland
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Selous Game Reserve (2009)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Mining Oil and gas Water infrastructure
Selous Game Reserve (2008)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Mining Oil and gas Water infrastructure
Selous Game Reserve (2007)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Selous Game Reserve (2006)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Mining
Selous Game Reserve (1991)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Other Threats: Opening of a route to drive cattle
Selous Game Reserve (1987)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/03,SC-87/CONF.005/3,SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Illegal activities
Selous Game Reserve (1986)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (2003)
States Parties: Republic of Korea
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (1999)
States Parties: Republic of Korea
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Localised utilities
Serengeti National Park (2009)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Illegal activities Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Serengeti National Park (2007)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Water infrastructure
Serengeti National Park (2006)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Water infrastructure
Serengeti National Park (2002)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Threats to wildlife migration and populations
Serengeti National Park (2001)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Threats to wildlife migration and populations
Serengeti National Park (1999)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Serengeti National Park (1994)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Serra da Capivara National Park (1994)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Shark Bay, Western Australia (2000)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.202/INF.11,WHC-2000/CONF.203/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining Oil and gas
Shark Bay, Western Australia (1999)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14,WHC.99/CONF.208/5
Threats*: Mining Oil and gas
Shark Bay, Western Australia (1998)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Mining Oil and gas
Shark Bay, Western Australia (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Shirakami-Sanchi (1997)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Shirakami-Sanchi (1995)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Shiretoko (2008)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B,WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Sian Ka'an (2004)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Sian Ka'an (2003)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Land conversion Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Sian Ka'an (2002)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Land conversion Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Sian Ka'an (2001)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Land conversion Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Simien National Park (2009)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Other Threats: a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2008)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7A.Add
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2007)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Ground transport infrastructure Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex, Simien fox and other large mammal species
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2006)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Other Threats: Declining populations of the Walia ibex, Simien fox and other large mammal species
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2005)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Crop production Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex and Simien FoxSoil deterioration.
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2004)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Decreasing population of Walia Ibex and Simien Fox
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2003)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Human resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2001)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (2000)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (1999)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/4,WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (1998)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (1997)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Simien National Park (1995)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Simien National Park (1992)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest
Simien National Park (1991)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Civil unrest
Simien National Park (1985)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Civil unrest
Simien National Park (1984)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Civil unrest
Sinharaja Forest Reserve (2001)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Crop production Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Sinharaja Forest Reserve (2000)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Crop production Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Sinharaja Forest Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Sinharaja Forest Reserve (1993)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Land conversion
Other Threats: Need to implement the Management Plan as a priority
Site of Palmyra (1999)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Localised utilities Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Site of Palmyra (1998)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Localised utilities Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Site of Palmyra (1997)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Localised utilities Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Site of Palmyra (1994)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Localised utilities Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Škocjan Caves (2005)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Renewable energy facilities
Škocjan Caves (2004)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Renewable energy facilities Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Škocjan Caves (1998)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Human resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Škocjan Caves (1996)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Škocjan Caves (1995)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Speyer Cathedral (1987)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/9
Threats*: Housing
Srebarna Nature Reserve (2004)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of monitoring system
Srebarna Nature Reserve (2003)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Financial resources Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (2002)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/18
Threats*: Financial resources Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (2001)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/09,WHC-01/CONF.208/9,WHC-01/CONF.208/INF.5,WHC-2001/CONF.205/4
Threats*: Financial resources Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (2000)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/4,WHC-2000/CONF.204/9
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1999)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/13
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1998)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3A,WHC-98/CONF.203/7
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1996)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1995)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1993)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1992)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5,WHC-92/CONF.002/7 Rev
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1991)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
St Kilda (2002)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
St Kilda (2001)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
St Kilda (1999)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
St Kilda (1998)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Oil and gas
State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv” (2005)
States Parties: Turkmenistan
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv” (2004)
States Parties: Turkmenistan
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv” (2003)
States Parties: Turkmenistan
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Human resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Stone Town of Zanzibar (2008)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Environmental pressures
Stone Town of Zanzibar (2007)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Environmental pressure
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2009)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2008)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2007)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Underground transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2005)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Underground transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2004)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure High impact research / monitoring activities Management systems/ management plan Underground transport infrastructure
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2003)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2002)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2001)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (2000)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (1998)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (1994)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (1992)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt (2000)
States Parties: France
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Storms
Studenica Monastery (1988)
States Parties: Serbia
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/13
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (2009)
States Parties: China
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Lack of documentary evidence and clearly formulated principles to guide the conservation works.
Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (2007)
States Parties: China
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (2006)
States Parties: China
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (2003)
States Parties: China
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major linear utilities Management activities
Sun Temple, Konârak (2002)
States Parties: India
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Housing Land conversion
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
Sun Temple, Konârak (2000)
States Parties: India
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Housing Land conversion
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
Sun Temple, Konârak (1999)
States Parties: India
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Storms
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
Sun Temple, Konârak (1998)
States Parties: India
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Storms
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
Sun Temple, Konârak (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Storms
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
Sundarbans National Park (2002)
States Parties: India
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Illegal activities Management activities
Other Threats: human-tiger conflicts
Sundarbans National Park (2001)
States Parties: India
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10,WHC-2001/CONF.205/5
Threats*: Marine transport infrastructure
Other Threats: System of National Waterways proposed for the Sundarbans Reserve
Sundarbans National Park (1999)
States Parties: India
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Sundarbans National Park (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Taï National Park (2009)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Taï National Park (2007)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Taï National Park (2004)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Civil unrest War
Taï National Park (2003)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B,WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Civil unrest Commercial hunting Financial resources Human resources Illegal activities Land conversion Management systems/ management plan Subsistence hunting
Taï National Park (2002)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Commercial hunting Illegal activities Land conversion Subsistence hunting
Taï National Park (1990)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1989)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1988)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1986)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1985)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1984)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taj Mahal (2007)
States Parties: India
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Taj Mahal (2005)
States Parties: India
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Threats to monuments’ foundations due to geological instability of riverbank
Taj Mahal (2004)
States Parties: India
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Commercial development Financial resources Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Taj Mahal (2003)
States Parties: India
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B.Corr
Threats*: Commercial development Financial resources Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Taj Mahal (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.207/2,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Air pollution
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (2009)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Water infrastructure
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (2008)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Water infrastructure
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (2007)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Land conversion Water infrastructure
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (2004)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (2003)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1997)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1993)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1992)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1991)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1990)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Taos Pueblo (1996)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Taos Pueblo (1995)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Taos Pueblo (1994)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Taos Pueblo (1993)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (2008)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (2007)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (2006)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (2001)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Interpretative and visitation facilities Water infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (2000)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1999)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground water pollution
Tasmanian Wilderness (1998)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B,WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1997)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1996)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1995)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Tasmanian Wilderness (1987)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Tasmanian Wilderness (1984)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/7,SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1983)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1983
Document Source: SC/83/CONF.009/INF.5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Taxila (2000)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Localised utilities Management systems/ management plan Quarrying
Other Threats: Lack of vegetation control
Taxila (1999)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Localised utilities Management systems/ management plan Quarrying
Other Threats: Lack of vegetation control
Taxila (1995)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Localised utilities Management systems/ management plan Quarrying
Other Threats: Lack of vegetation control
Tchogha Zanbil (2000)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: structural problems
Tchogha Zanbil (1998)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.201/3B
Threats*: Management activities Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: absence of a viable method for sustainable conservation of the mud-brick structures; structural problems
Tchogha Zanbil (1995)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Management activities Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: absence of a viable method for sustainable conservation of the mud-brick structures; structural problems
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (2004)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure
Other Threats: Oil spill in the harbour
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (2000)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1999)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1994)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1993)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Threats*: Major linear utilities Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1992)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Major linear utilities Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1989)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu (1998)
States Parties: China
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (2009)
States Parties: China
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Lack of documentary evidence and clearly formulated principles to guide the conservation works.
Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (2007)
States Parties: China
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (2006)
States Parties: China
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (2003)
States Parties: China
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major linear utilities Management activities
Temple of Preah Vihear (2009)
States Parties: Cambodia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
The Great Wall (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities
The Great Wall (1990)
States Parties: China
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Other Threats: Partial collapse of some platforms
The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (2000)
States Parties: France
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5
Threats*: Storms
The Sundarbans (2009)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Storms
The Sundarbans (2008)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Storms
The Sundarbans (2001)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Oil and gas
Other Threats: High level of salinity
The Sundarbans (1999)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (2008)
States Parties: China
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Land conversion Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Mining Water infrastructure
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (2007)
States Parties: China
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Mining Water infrastructure
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (2006)
States Parties: China
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Mining Water infrastructure
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (2005)
States Parties: China
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (2004)
States Parties: China
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries (2000)
States Parties: Thailand
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Management systems/ management plan
Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries (1999)
States Parties: Thailand
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5,WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Management systems/ management plan
Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries (1998)
States Parties: Thailand
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Management systems/ management plan
Tikal National Park (1999)
States Parties: Guatemala
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Storms
Tikal National Park (1998)
States Parties: Guatemala
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Storms
Tikal National Park (1993)
States Parties: Guatemala
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Timbuktu (2009)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Flooding Housing Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Lack of adequate maintenance of the buildings.
Timbuktu (2008)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add2
Threats*: Flooding Housing Management activities Solid waste
Timbuktu (2007)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Flooding Housing Management activities Solid waste
Timbuktu (2006)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Flooding Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Timbuktu (2005)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Flooding Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: No protective measures for the buffer zone of the property
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (2004)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Flooding
Other Threats: Collapse of houses
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (2003)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Housing Human resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan Society's valuing of heritage
Other Threats: Lack of capacities in conservation techniques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1997)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1995)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1994)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.4,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1990)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/2,CC-90/CONF.004/3 Add.
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Tipasa (2009)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure
Tipasa (2008)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management activities Management systems/ management plan Marine transport infrastructure
Other Threats: poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains
Tipasa (2007)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion Management activities Solid waste Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Poor conservation conditons for the archeological remains
Tipasa (2006)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7A
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste Wind
Danger List:  Yes
Tipasa (2005)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7A
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Major linear utilities Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste Wind
Other Threats: vegetation with roots seriously affecting archaeological remains
Danger List:  Yes
Tipasa (2004)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15A.Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: State of conservation of mosaics and other exposed structures
Danger List:  Yes
Tipasa (2003)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7A
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the archaeological vestiges
Danger List:  Yes
Tipasa (2002)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the archaeological vestiges
Tipasa (2001)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Tipasa (1992)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Earthquake
Tipasa (1990)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Tipasa (1989)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Threats*: Earthquake
Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture (2008)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: High impact research / monitoring activities Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Tiya (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape (2009)
States Parties: Hungary
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Non-renewable energy facilities Water (extraction)
Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape (2008)
States Parties: Hungary
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Non-renewable energy facilities
Tongariro National Park (2002)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17,WHC-02/CONF.202/2
Threats*: Management activities Society's valuing of heritage Volcanic eruption
Tongariro National Park (2001)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 2001
Document Source: WHC-01/CONF.208/10
Threats*: Management activities Society's valuing of heritage Volcanic eruption
Tongariro National Park (1999)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.204/5
Threats*: Management activities Society's valuing of heritage Volcanic eruption
Tongariro National Park (1998)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Management activities Society's valuing of heritage Volcanic eruption
Tongariro National Park (1995)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management activities
Tower of London (2009)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Tower of London (2008)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Tower of London (2007)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Tower of London (2006)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Tower of London (2005)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Housing
Tower of London (2004)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Housing
Tower of London (2003)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Housing
Town of Luang Prabang (2009)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (2008)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (2007)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Flooding Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Town of Luang Prabang (2005)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (2004)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2004
Document Source: WHC-04/28.COM/15B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Input of excess energy Legal framework Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (2003)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2003
Document Source: WHC.03/27.COM/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Management activities
Other Threats: Concrete reinforcement of the Nam Khan river bank ; Construction of walls along the riverbank of the Mekong;
Town of Luang Prabang (2002)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2002
Document Source: WHC-02/CONF.201/11Rev,WHC-02/CONF.202/17
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing Illegal activities Management activities
Other Threats: Concrete reinforcement of the Nam Khan river bank ; Construction of walls along the riverbank of the Mekong;
Town of Luang Prabang (2000)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 2000
Document Source: WHC-2000/CONF.202/5,WHC-2000/CONF.204/10
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Major linear utilities Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (1999)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 1999
Document Source: WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Major linear utilities Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (1998)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 1998
Document Source: WHC-98/CONF.203/8Rev.
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (1997)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (1996)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Trinidad and the Valley de los Ingenios (1993)
States Parties: Cuba
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (2009)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B.Add
Threats*: Governance Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (2008)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2008
Document Source: WHC-08/32.COM/7B
Threats*: Governance Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (2007)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2007
Document Source: WHC-07/31.COM/7B
Threats*: Crop production Governance Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (2006)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2006
Document Source: WHC-06/30.COM/7B
Threats*: Crop production Governance Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Land conversion
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (2005)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 2005
Document Source: WHC-05/29.COM/7B.Rev
Threats*: Crop production Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining Tsunami/tidal wave
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park (2009)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 2009
Document Source: WHC-09/33.COM/7B
Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Illegal activities Oil and gas
Properties
file_download
Categories
file_download
Regions
file_download
States Parties
Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Argentina Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechia Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Ethiopia Finland France Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Guatemala Guinea Haiti Holy See Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Italy Japan Jordan Kenya Lao People's Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Mali Malta Mauritania Mexico Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Nepal New Zealand Niger North Macedonia Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Republic of Korea Romania Russian Federation Saint Lucia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Thailand Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United Republic of Tanzania United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
Threats
Management systems/ management plan 1207 Housing 539 Illegal activities 474 Ground transport infrastructure 374 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 351 Management activities 249 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 239 Financial resources 239 Legal framework 207 Land conversion 205 Mining 187 Human resources 177 Water (rain/water table) 145 Water infrastructure 144 Civil unrest 135 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 131 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 126 Deliberate destruction of heritage 110 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 104 Surface water pollution 82 Interpretative and visitation facilities 80 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 79 Commercial development 78 Solid waste 77 Forestry /wood production 74 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 66 War 66 Storms 65 Oil and gas 64 Crop production 61 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 61 Earthquake 58 Relative humidity 55 Major linear utilities 54 Marine transport infrastructure 51 Flooding 46 Air pollution 40 Water (extraction) 36 Fire (widlfires) 36 Governance 32 Localised utilities 31 Invasive / alien freshwater species 29 Wind 27 Input of excess energy 25 Subsistence hunting 23 Industrial areas 22 Air transport infrastructure 22 Avalanche/ landslide 22 Society's valuing of heritage 21 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 20 High impact research / monitoring activities 20 Renewable energy facilities 19 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 19 Commercial hunting 16 Quarrying 16 Underground transport infrastructure 15 Ground water pollution 14 Temperature 14 Micro-organisms 11 Other climate change impacts 11 Invasive / alien marine species 10 Pollution of marine waters 9 Desertification 9 Temperature change 8 Volcanic eruption 8 Drought 7 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 6 Terrorism 4 Translocated species 4 Radiation/light 3 Tsunami/tidal wave 3 Non-renewable energy facilities 2 Pests 2 Military training 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.


top