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State of Conservation Search

State of Conservation

595
Reports
241
Properties concerned
90
States Parties with SOC reports
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Excel File .xls All SOC (Zip file) .zip
Date end:1997close
Abu Mena (1992)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses
Agra Fort (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.207/2,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Air pollution
Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (1997)
States Parties: Niger
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Illegal activities
Other Threats: Decline in wildlife populations
Danger List:  Yes
Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (1996)
States Parties: Niger
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (1995)
States Parties: Niger
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (1994)
States Parties: Niger
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (1993)
States Parties: Niger
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: War
Danger List:  Yes
Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (1992)
States Parties: Niger
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5,WHC-92/CONF.002/7 Rev
Threats*: War
Ajanta Caves (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity
Aksum (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Aldabra Atoll (1986)
States Parties: Seychelles
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada (1997)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Amphitheatre of El Jem (1992)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Commercial development Housing
Ancient City of Bosra (1997)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Financial resources Management activities
Ancient City of Damascus (1997)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities
Ancient City of Damascus (1996)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Management activities
Ancient City of Damascus (1994)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management activities
Ancient City of Damascus (1993)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management activities
Ancient City of Damascus (1992)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Management activities
Andrefana Dry Forests (1992)
States Parties: Madagascar
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Angkor (1997)
States Parties: Cambodia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Human resources Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Urgent problems of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Angkor (1996)
States Parties: Cambodia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Urgent problems of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Angkor (1995)
States Parties: Cambodia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Urgent problems of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Angkor (1994)
States Parties: Cambodia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Urgent problems of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Angkor (1993)
States Parties: Cambodia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Urgent problems of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Antigua Guatemala (1993)
States Parties: Guatemala
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Earthquake Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Numerous ruins in the city that in danger of collapse in the event of an earthquake
Arabian Oryx Sanctuary (1997)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Illegal activities Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Arabian Oryx Sanctuary (1996)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities Legal framework Localised utilities Management systems/ management plan
Arabian Oryx Sanctuary (1995)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Archaeological Park and Ruins of Quirigua (1994)
States Parties: Guatemala
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Water (rain/water table) Wind
Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro (1997)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Flooding Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Deterioration of the bricks due to salt crystallization and hydration
Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro (1995)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Flooding Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Deterioration of the bricks due to salt crystallization and hydration
Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro (1991)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Flooding Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Deterioration of the bricks due to salt crystallization and hydration
Archaeological Site of Delphi (1993)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Localised utilities
Other Threats: Need to strengthen the protection of the site
Archaeological Site of Delphi (1992)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Human resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Need to strengthen the protection of the site
Archaeological Site of Leptis Magna (1990)
States Parties: Libya
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Flooding
Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn (1996)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Several repairs or preventive measures needed
Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments (1994)
States Parties: France
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Threats*: Air pollution
Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments (1992)
States Parties: France
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/12
Asante Traditional Buildings (1997)
States Parties: Ghana
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Financial resources Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Asante Traditional Buildings (1996)
States Parties: Ghana
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Human resources Land conversion Pests Water (rain/water table)
Auschwitz Birkenau
German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) (1997)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Commercial development Localised utilities
Auschwitz Birkenau
German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) (1996)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Commercial development Localised utilities
Auschwitz Birkenau
German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) (1993)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Commercial development
Other Threats: Threat to the integrity of the property (not specified - supermarket project?)
Baalbek (1996)
States Parties: Lebanon
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Bahla Fort (1997)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: Degradation of the structures
Danger List:  Yes
Bahla Fort (1996)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: Degradation of the structures
Danger List:  Yes
Bahla Fort (1995)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: Deterioration of the structures
Danger List:  Yes
Bahla Fort (1994)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: Degradation of the structures
Danger List:  Yes
Bahla Fort (1993)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: Degradation of the structures
Danger List:  Yes
Bahla Fort (1988)
States Parties: Oman
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/8,SC-88/CONF.007/5
Other Threats: Degradation of the structures
Banc d'Arguin National Park (1997)
States Parties: Mauritania
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Banc d'Arguin National Park (1994)
States Parties: Mauritania
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Other Threats: Capture operation of the monk seal
Baroque Churches of the Philippines (1997)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Other Threats: Need to raise public awareness and to ensure proper conservation measures
Białowieża Forest (1997)
States Parties: Belarus Poland
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Management systems/ management plan
Borobudur Temple Compounds (1995)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Boyana Church (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management activities
Brasilia (1993)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
Bryggen (1994)
States Parties: Norway
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risk of uncontrolled property development
Budapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue (1992)
States Parties: Hungary
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Housing
Burgos Cathedral (1994)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Governance Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration works
Burgos Cathedral (1993)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Governance Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration works
Butrint (1997)
States Parties: Albania
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Financial resources
Other Threats: Need for monitoring of the situation at the site
Butrint (1996)
States Parties: Albania
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Financial resources
Other Threats: Need for monitoring of the situation at the site
Butrint (1994)
States Parties: Albania
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.3
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (1995)
States Parties: Uganda
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks (1997)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Mining Oil and gas
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks (1996)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Mining
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks (1995)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Mining
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks (1990)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Canaima National Park (1997)
States Parties: Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan
Canal du Midi (1997)
States Parties: France
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Solid waste
Chaco Culture (1992)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Other Threats: Threat not indicated
Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (1997)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fragility of the abdobe structures
Danger List:  Yes
Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (1996)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Danger List:  Yes
Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (1995)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Fragility of the abdobe structures
Danger List:  Yes
Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (1994)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Fragility of the abdobe structures
Danger List:  Yes
Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (1993)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Fragility of the abdobe structures
Danger List:  Yes
Chavin (Archaeological Site) (1993)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Deterioration of the site
Chitwan National Park (1997)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Chitwan National Park (1993)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Chitwan National Park (1991)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Water (extraction)
Chitwan National Park (1990)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Water (extraction)
Churches of Moldavia (1997)
States Parties: Romania
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
City of Bath (1992)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
City of Cuzco (1997)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
City of Cuzco (1996)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
City of Cuzco (1993)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
City of Potosí (1996)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Human resources Management activities Mining Surface water pollution
City of Potosí (1995)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.202/5 Add.,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add
Threats*: Human resources Management activities Mining Surface water pollution
City of Potosí (1993)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Human resources Management activities Surface water pollution
City of Quito (1993)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Earthquake Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Financial resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
City of Quito (1990)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
City of Valletta (1994)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Air pollution Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity
Other Threats: Highly crumbly basic building material
City of Valletta (1991)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Air pollution Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity
Other Threats: Highly crumbly basic building material
Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (1997)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Colonial City of Santo Domingo (1993)
States Parties: Dominican Republic
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Complex of Hué Monuments (1997)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Storms
Complex of Hué Monuments (1996)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Complex of Hué Monuments (1995)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Complex of Hué Monuments (1994)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Other Threats: Fire
Danube Delta (1993)
States Parties: Romania
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Legal framework
Danube Delta (1992)
States Parties: Romania
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Legal framework
Delos (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Human resources Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Relative humidity Wind
Delos (1992)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Human resources
Other Threats: Adverse meteorological conditions
Dinosaur Provincial Park (1992)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Dinosaur Provincial Park (1991)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Dja Faunal Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Cameroon
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Illegal activities
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1992)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1991)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Other Threats: Training course on wetland management
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1988)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A,SC-88/CONF.007/13
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1987)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/9
Threats*: Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1986)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1985)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1984)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC-84/CONF.001/4,SC/84/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1983)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1983
Document Source: SC/83/CONF.009/8
Threats*: Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (1982)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1982
Document Source: CLT-82/CONF.015/8
Threats*: Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Durmitor National Park (1997)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Earthen containment structures
Durmitor National Park (1996)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Fire
Durmitor National Park (1995)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Other Threats: Fire
Durmitor National Park (1993)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Localised utilities Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Durmitor National Park (1992)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Localised utilities Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Durmitor National Park (1991)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Localised utilities Surface water pollution
Durmitor National Park (1985)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Durmitor National Park (1984)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Elephanta Caves (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity
Ellora Caves (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity
Everglades National Park (1997)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas Storms Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Everglades National Park (1996)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas Storms Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Everglades National Park (1995)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas Storms Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Everglades National Park (1994)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas Storms Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Everglades National Park (1993)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas Storms Surface water pollution Water infrastructure
Everglades National Park (1992)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas Storms
Everglades National Park (1989)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Crop production Housing Industrial areas
Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Other Threats: No threat to the property
Fatehpur Sikri (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.207/2,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Air pollution
Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo (1993)
States Parties: Panama
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
Other Threats: More attention to be paid to stone conservation
Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions (1996)
States Parties: Ghana
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere
Frontiers of the Roman Empire (1997)
States Parties: Germany United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Frontiers of the Roman Empire (1993)
States Parties: Germany United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Mining
Frontiers of the Roman Empire (1992)
States Parties: Germany United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Mining
Galápagos Islands (1997)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.204/INF.9,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien marine species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1996)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.201/INF.13,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien marine species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1995)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien marine species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1994)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC.94/CONF.003/07Rev
Threats*: Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien marine species Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1992)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1990)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1986)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Galápagos Islands (1985)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Other Threats: Fire
Garajonay National Park (1991)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Garamba National Park (1997)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1996)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities
Garamba National Park (1992)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5,WHC-92/CONF.002/7 Rev
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1991)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/13
Threats*: Civil unrest Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1990)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1989)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1987)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1986)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1985)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Illegal activities
Danger List:  Yes
Garamba National Park (1984)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC-84/CONF.001/4,SC/84/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (1994)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Other Threats: Deterioration of the rock and the mural paintings
Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (1992)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (1988)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/13
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Great Barrier Reef (1997)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Mining
Great Barrier Reef (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Mining
Great Barrier Reef (1986)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Mining
Great Barrier Reef (1985)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Great Zimbabwe National Monument (1996)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Other Threats: Collapse of walls
Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago (1997)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Marine transport infrastructure
Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago (1996)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Marine transport infrastructure
Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago (1995)
States Parties: Viet Nam
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Marine transport infrastructure
Hanseatic City of Lübeck (1994)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Financial resources Housing Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Hanseatic City of Lübeck (1993)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage
Other Threats: Discovery of mural paintings - need for restoration
Hatra (1995)
States Parties: Iraq
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (1990)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Hierapolis-Pamukkale (1992)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Hierapolis-Pamukkale (1991)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Hierapolis-Pamukkale (1990)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Historic Areas of Istanbul (1997)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need to monitor movements which could affect the structure of the building
Historic Areas of Istanbul (1994)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need to monitor movements which could affect the structure of the building
Historic Areas of Istanbul (1993)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need to monitor movements which could affect the structure of the building
Historic Areas of Istanbul (1992)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Historic Cairo (1997)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities
Historic Cairo (1995)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management activities
Historic Cairo (1993)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Threats*: Earthquake Management activities Water (rain/water table)
Historic Centre of Bukhara (1997)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities
Historic Centre of Cordoba (1994)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Pests
Historic Centre of Florence (1994)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Terrorism
Historic Centre of Florence (1993)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/2
Threats*: Terrorism
Historic Centre of Lima (1994)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need to improve the environment of the convent; Notorious state of degradation
Historic Centre of Lima (1993)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management activities
Other Threats: Need to improve the environment of the convent
Historic Centre of Puebla (1995)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Commercial development Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Historic Centre of Puebla (1994)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Commercial development Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Historic Centre of Puebla (1993)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Commercial development Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura (1993)
States Parties: Italy Holy See
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Terrorism
Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura (1992)
States Parties: Italy Holy See
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure
Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments (1993)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system Financial resources Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Steady deterioration of the city's pysical environment; Large-scale rehabilitation project for the Hermitage
Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia (1993)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda (1993)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda (1987)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/9
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Historic City of Sucre (1993)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Historic District of Old Québec (1992)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Housing
Historic District of Old Québec (1988)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/13
Threats*: Housing
Historic District of Old Québec (1987)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/9
Threats*: Housing
Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Relative humidity Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses
Historic Mosque City of Bagerhat (1995)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (1997)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (1996)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (1994)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for an inventory of the park's natural and cultural resources
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (1993)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for an inventory of the park's natural and cultural resources
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (1987)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Housing Land conversion Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Fires
Historic Town of Ouro Preto (1993)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Historic Town of Ouro Preto (1990)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Historic Town of Zabid (1997)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management activities Relative humidity Solid waste
Historic Town of Zabid (1996)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management activities Relative humidity Solid waste
Huascarán National Park (1996)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Huascarán National Park (1995)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Huascarán National Park (1987)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Legal framework Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Other Threats: Fires
Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum (1995)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management activities Micro-organisms Radiation/light Relative humidity Solid waste Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum (1994)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Management activities Micro-organisms Radiation/light Relative humidity Solid waste Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum (1990)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Management activities Micro-organisms Radiation/light Relative humidity Solid waste Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Ichkeul National Park (1997)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Air pollution Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Subsistence hunting Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Ichkeul National Park (1996)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Air pollution Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Subsistence hunting Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Ichkeul National Park (1990)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3
Threats*: Financial resources
Ichkeul National Park (1989)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Air pollution Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Subsistence hunting Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Ichkeul National Park (1987)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Air pollution Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Subsistence hunting Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Ichkeul National Park (1986)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Air pollution Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Subsistence hunting Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Ichkeul National Park (1985)
States Parties: Tunisia
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Air pollution Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Subsistence hunting Water (rain/water table) Water infrastructure
Iguaçu National Park (1997)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy
Iguaçu National Park (1992)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy
Iguaçu National Park (1991)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy
Iguaçu National Park (1989)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12
Iguazu National Park (1993)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy
Iguazu National Park (1992)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy
Iguazu National Park (1991)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Input of excess energy
Iguazu National Park (1989)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12
Iguazu National Park (1986)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Air pollution Erosion and siltation/ deposition
Island of Gorée (1990)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of some buildings
Island of Mozambique (1997)
States Parties: Mozambique
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste Storms
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone
Island of Mozambique (1995)
States Parties: Mozambique
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Management systems/ management plan Solid waste Storms
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone
Island of Mozambique (1994)
States Parties: Mozambique
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Financial resources Human resources Management systems/ management plan Storms
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone
Island of Mozambique (1993)
States Parties: Mozambique
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Itchan Kala (1997)
States Parties: Uzbekistan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities
Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos (1993)
States Parties: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities
Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) (1993)
States Parties: Argentina Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Aggressive natural environment
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site (1997)
States Parties: El Salvador
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1997)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1995)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community War
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1994)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities War
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1991)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Kahuzi-Biega National Park (1990)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Kakadu National Park (1997)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1991)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kakadu National Park (1986)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Mining
Kasbah of Algiers (1996)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1995)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1994)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kasbah of Algiers (1993)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Kathmandu Valley (1997)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1996)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1995)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1994)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2,WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1993)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Financial resources Housing Human resources Land conversion Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1992)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Financial resources Housing Human resources Management activities
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1991)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Management activities
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1990)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Avalanche/ landslide Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
Kathmandu Valley (1989)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Other Threats: Collapse of the roof of a Temple
Kaziranga National Park (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Flooding Illegal activities Society's valuing of heritage
Keoladeo National Park (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species
Other Threats: Decline in the population of Siberian cranes
Keoladeo National Park (1994)
States Parties: India
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Water (extraction)
Other Threats: Decline in the population of Siberian cranes
Keoladeo National Park (1990)
States Parties: India
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Water (extraction)
Other Threats: Decline in the population of Siberian cranes
Khami Ruins National Monument (1996)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Housing Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for structural stabilization and repair of collapsed sections of walls
Kizhi Pogost (1994)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2,WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Financial resources Governance Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of fire /lightning protection; Deformation and deterioration of the structures
Kizhi Pogost (1993)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Financial resources Governance Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of fire /lightning protection; Deformation and deterioration of the structures
Kizhi Pogost (1992)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Governance Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of fire /lightning protection; Deformation and deterioration of the structures
Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek (1993)
States Parties: Canada United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (1997)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (1996)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Fire (widlfires) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Komodo National Park (1995)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (1994)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Other Threats: Erection project of a monument on the Red Square
Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (1992)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Other Threats: No threat indicated
La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico (1993)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Other Threats: No specific threat identified
Lake Baikal (1997)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Surface water pollution
Lake Malawi National Park (1995)
States Parties: Malawi
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Forestry /wood production Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Los Glaciares National Park (1986)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion Water infrastructure
Los Glaciares National Park (1985)
States Parties: Argentina
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Housing Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Lower Valley of the Awash (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Human resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Lower Valley of the Omo (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition
Madara Rider (1991)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Relative humidity Temperature Wind
Other Threats: Lack of stability of the rock; Lack of convergence of local opinions on the real extent of the problem, the possible solutions
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1994)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Illegal activities Oil and gas
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1989)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Oil and gas
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1987)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Illegal activities
Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas (1986)
States Parties: Zimbabwe
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1996)
States Parties: India
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1995)
States Parties: India
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1994)
States Parties: India
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1993)
States Parties: India
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures;
Danger List:  Yes
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1992)
States Parties: India
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1991)
States Parties: India
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1990)
States Parties: India
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1989)
States Parties: India
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1986)
States Parties: India
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1997)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Illegal activities Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1993)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1992)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (1990)
States Parties: Central African Republic
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Illegal activities
Manú National Park (1989)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Oil and gas
Manú National Park (1988)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A,SC-88/CONF.007/13
Threats*: Oil and gas
Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Other Threats: earthen architecture conservation problems
Maya Site of Copan (1997)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
Maya Site of Copan (1993)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
Medieval City of Rhodes (1995)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Legal framework
Other Threats: Need for safeguarding and enhancement measures
Medieval City of Rhodes (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Legal framework
Other Threats: Need for safeguarding and enhancement measures
Medina of Fez (1997)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing
Medina of Fez (1996)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing
Medina of Fez (1995)
States Parties: Morocco
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Ground transport infrastructure Housing
Megalithic Temples of Malta (1995)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Human resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Quarrying Storms
Other Threats: Worrying state of conservation of some temples; Fragility of the structures (cracks, etc.); Partial collapse of a temple
Megalithic Temples of Malta (1994)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Legal framework Management systems/ management plan Quarrying Storms
Other Threats: Worrying state of conservation of some temples; Fragility of the structures (cracks, etc.)
Megalithic Temples of Malta (1992)
States Parties: Malta
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Meidan Emam, Esfahan (1995)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1997)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1995)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1994)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Land conversion
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1993)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur (1990)
States Parties: Egypt
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
Mogao Caves (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Other Threats: Deterioration of the mural paintings in the caves due to salt migration; Some built features have nothing to do with the site and should be destroyed (concrete tower, modern blockhouse, ...)
Monastery of Batalha (1990)
States Parties: Portugal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Management activities Micro-organisms Relative humidity Storms Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Poor quality of the stone and weaknesses in the resistance; Cracks; Consolidation work is not undertaken
Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belém in Lisbon (1990)
States Parties: Portugal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Management activities Micro-organisms Relative humidity Storms Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Poor quality of the stone and weaknesses in the resistance; Cracks; Consolidation work is not undertaken
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1997)
States Parties: France
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Management systems/ management plan
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1991)
States Parties: France
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/2
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (1990)
States Parties: France
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1996)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1994)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1993)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (1992)
States Parties: Zambia Zimbabwe
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Mount Athos (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Other Threats: chemical pollution
Mount Athos (1992)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Fire (widlfires)
Mount Huangshan (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Solid waste
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1996)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1995)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1994)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1993)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1992)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1991)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1990)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3,CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1989)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1987)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan Mining
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1986)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Financial resources Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (1984)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire Guinea
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Financial resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Air pollution Housing Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Many buildings in a bad state of conservation
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities Subsistence wild plant collection
National History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers (1993)
States Parties: Haiti
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Financial resources Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Consolidation of the Sans Souci Palace and rehabilitation of the Royal Gardens required
National History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers (1991)
States Parties: Haiti
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Earthquake Flooding Storms Water (rain/water table)
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (1995)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Earthquake
Danger List:  Yes
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (1979)
States Parties: Montenegro
Year: 1979
Document Source: CC-79/CONF.015/4
Threats*: Earthquake
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1994)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Crop production
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1993)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Crop production
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1989)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/11,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1988)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A,SC-88/CONF.007/13
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1987)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1986)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1985)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1984)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC-84/CONF.001/4,SC/84/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1983)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1983
Document Source: SC/83/CONF.009/8
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1993)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1992)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1990)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3,CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1989)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1988)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1987)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Niokolo-Koba National Park (1986)
States Parties: Senegal
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Illegal activities
Okapi Wildlife Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Illegal activities Mining War
Old City of Berne (1997)
States Parties: Switzerland
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Other Threats: Fire in January 1997
Old City of Dubrovnik (1997)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Earthquake Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1996)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A
Threats*: Earthquake Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1995)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1994)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1993)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1992)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/2,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan War
Danger List:  Yes
Old City of Dubrovnik (1991)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: War
Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (1982)
States Parties: Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
Year: 1982
Document Source: CLT-82/CONF.014/3,CLT-82/CONF.014/6
Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Loss of historical authenticity
Old City of Sana'a (1991)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
Old City of Sana'a (1990)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Housing
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
Old Havana and its Fortification System (1993)
States Parties: Cuba
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Storms
Old Rauma (1993)
States Parties: Finland
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/2,WHC.93/CONF.002/2
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (1994)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches (1993)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct (1997)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Old Walled City of Shibam (1997)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Threats*: Flooding Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Old Walled City of Shibam (1993)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5,WHC-93/CONF.002/5 Add.1
Threats*: Flooding
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Old Walled City of Shibam (1991)
States Parties: Yemen
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Flooding
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
Olympic National Park (1992)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Pollution of marine waters
Olympic National Park (1991)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Pollution of marine waters
Olympic National Park (1990)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Pollution of marine waters
Palace and Park of Versailles (1990)
States Parties: France
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/12
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Palace and Park of Versailles (1989)
States Parties: France
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1997)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.204/INF.8,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B,WHC-97/CONF.208/INF.11 ,WHC.97/CONF.204/INF.08
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1996)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1995)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.202/5 Add.,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Housing Legal framework
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1993)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Paris, Banks of the Seine (1992)
States Parties: France
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Housing
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (1996)
States Parties: China
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Financial resources Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Lack of maintenance ; Halt of site excavations
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Unstable archaeological strata and cave roof
Petra (1997)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Commercial development Flooding Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1996)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Commercial development Ground transport infrastructure Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management activities Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1995)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Petra (1994)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (1994)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Other Threats: inclination of the tower
Pirin National Park (1991)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Pirin National Park (1986)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pirin National Park (1985)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1997)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1996)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.201/INF.14,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Other Threats: Neglected Park infrastructure
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1995)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1994)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1993)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Danger List:  Yes
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1992)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5,WHC-92/CONF.002/7 Rev
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Plitvice Lakes National Park (1991)
States Parties: Croatia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Illegal activities War
Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (1992)
States Parties: France
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/12
Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena (1993)
States Parties: Colombia
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Prambanan Temple Compounds (1995)
States Parties: Indonesia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (1997)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Commercial development Housing Legal framework
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos (1994)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos (1993)
States Parties: Greece
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Quseir Amra (1997)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Quseir Amra (1994)
States Parties: Jordan
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Illegal activities Management activities Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Cracks in the surface of the vaults
Rangiri Dambulla Cave Temple (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Redwood National and State Parks (1995)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Redwood National and State Parks (1994)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure
Rila Monastery (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Rila Monastery (1992)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Earthquake
Other Threats: Structural issues, cracks
Río Abiseo National Park (1994)
States Parties: Peru
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Other Threats: Fire; Lack of regular vigilance and inspection; Deterioration of the archaeological remains
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Danger List:  Yes
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1996)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1995)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1991)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1990)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1989)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities
Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (1988)
States Parties: Honduras
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/13
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community
Rock-Hewn Churches of Ivanovo (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1997)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (1995)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Other Threats: Need for restoration and rehabilitation of the monuments
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1997)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Housing
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1996)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Housing
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1997)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1995)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1994)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Storms
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of conservation
Danger List:  Yes
Royal Palaces of Abomey (1985)
States Parties: Benin
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Storms
Røros Mining Town and the Circumference (1994)
States Parties: Norway
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Risk of uncontrolled property development
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (1996)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition Housing Illegal activities Invasive/alien terrestrial species Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: General poor state of conservation
Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (1995)
States Parties: Bangladesh
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Human resources Management systems/ management plan
Sacred City of Kandy (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Sagarmatha National Park (1997)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Solid waste
Sagarmatha National Park (1989)
States Parties: Nepal
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12
Other Threats: Fire at the Tengboche monastery
Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas (1993)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Other Threats: Architecture of mediocre quality around the property; Conservation issue of woodwork and mural paintings
Sangay National Park (1997)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1996)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1995)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1994)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1993)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Danger List:  Yes
Sangay National Park (1992)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Management systems/ management plan
Sangay National Park (1991)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Sangay National Park (1989)
States Parties: Ecuador
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Management systems/ management plan
Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) (1993)
States Parties: Spain
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Selous Game Reserve (1991)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Other Threats: Opening of a route to drive cattle
Selous Game Reserve (1987)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/03,SC-87/CONF.005/3,SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Illegal activities
Selous Game Reserve (1986)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Illegal activities
Serengeti National Park (1994)
States Parties: United Republic of Tanzania
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan
Serra da Capivara National Park (1994)
States Parties: Brazil
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC.94/CONF.003/16
Threats*: Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Fire
Shark Bay, Western Australia (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Shirakami-Sanchi (1997)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Shirakami-Sanchi (1995)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Simien National Park (1997)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Simien National Park (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Land conversion
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Simien National Park (1995)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Civil unrest Management systems/ management plan
Simien National Park (1992)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest
Simien National Park (1991)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Civil unrest
Simien National Park (1985)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Civil unrest
Simien National Park (1984)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Civil unrest
Sinharaja Forest Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Sinharaja Forest Reserve (1993)
States Parties: Sri Lanka
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Land conversion
Other Threats: Need to implement the Management Plan as a priority
Site of Palmyra (1997)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Localised utilities Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Site of Palmyra (1994)
States Parties: Syrian Arab Republic
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Air pollution Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Housing Localised utilities Major linear utilities Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Temperature Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Škocjan Caves (1996)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Škocjan Caves (1995)
States Parties: Slovenia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Legal framework Management systems/ management plan
Speyer Cathedral (1987)
States Parties: Germany
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/9
Threats*: Housing
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1997)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1996)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1995)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1994)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1993)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Danger List:  Yes
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1992)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5,WHC-92/CONF.002/7 Rev
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Srebarna Nature Reserve (1991)
States Parties: Bulgaria
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Surface water pollution Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (1994)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.2
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Interpretative and visitation facilities Management systems/ management plan
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (1992)
States Parties: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Studenica Monastery (1988)
States Parties: Serbia
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/13
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Sun Temple, Konârak (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Storms
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
Sundarbans National Park (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Taï National Park (1990)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/3
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1989)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1988)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/4A
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1986)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1986
Document Source: CC-86/CONF.001/11,CC-86/CONF.003/INF.4
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1985)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taï National Park (1984)
States Parties: Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Crop production Illegal activities Mining
Taj Mahal (1997)
States Parties: India
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.207/2,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Air pollution
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1997)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1993)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3,WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1992)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1991)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/15
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan Oil and gas
Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (1990)
States Parties: Costa Rica Panama
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Taos Pueblo (1996)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Taos Pueblo (1995)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Taos Pueblo (1994)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Taos Pueblo (1993)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Air transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1997)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1996)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1995)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Tasmanian Wilderness (1987)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1987
Document Source: SC-87/CONF.005/INF.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production
Tasmanian Wilderness (1984)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/7,SC/84/CONF.004/9
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Tasmanian Wilderness (1983)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1983
Document Source: SC/83/CONF.009/INF.5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Taxila (1995)
States Parties: Pakistan
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Localised utilities Management systems/ management plan Quarrying
Other Threats: Lack of vegetation control
Tchogha Zanbil (1995)
States Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4
Threats*: Management activities Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: absence of a viable method for sustainable conservation of the mud-brick structures; structural problems
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1994)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Major linear utilities Management systems/ management plan Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1993)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.001/3
Threats*: Major linear utilities Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1992)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Major linear utilities Water (extraction) Water infrastructure
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (1989)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Water infrastructure
The Great Wall (1994)
States Parties: China
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B
Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Interpretative and visitation facilities
The Great Wall (1990)
States Parties: China
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Other Threats: Partial collapse of some platforms
Tikal National Park (1993)
States Parties: Guatemala
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Timbuktu (1997)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1995)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1994)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.4,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Danger List:  Yes
Timbuktu (1990)
States Parties: Mali
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/2,CC-90/CONF.004/3 Add.
Threats*: Desertification Financial resources Legal framework Water (rain/water table) Wind
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques
Tipasa (1992)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Earthquake
Tipasa (1990)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/3
Threats*: Earthquake Housing Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Tipasa (1989)
States Parties: Algeria
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Threats*: Earthquake
Tiya (1996)
States Parties: Ethiopia
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Tongariro National Park (1995)
States Parties: New Zealand
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species Management activities
Town of Luang Prabang (1997)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Town of Luang Prabang (1996)
States Parties: Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Housing Legal framework Management activities Management systems/ management plan
Trinidad and the Valley de los Ingenios (1993)
States Parties: Cuba
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/14
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management activities Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park (1997)
States Parties: Philippines
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Tyre (1997)
States Parties: Lebanon
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Commercial development Erosion and siltation/ deposition Ground transport infrastructure Human resources Illegal activities Management systems/ management plan
Tyre (1996)
States Parties: Lebanon
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure Marine transport infrastructure
Tyre (1995)
States Parties: Lebanon
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure
Tyre (1992)
States Parties: Lebanon
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Housing Management systems/ management plan
Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park (1997)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Other Threats: No specific threat identified
Vatican City (1992)
States Parties: Holy See
Year: 1992
Document Source: WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Housing
Venice and its Lagoon (1990)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.003/12
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Venice and its Lagoon (1989)
States Parties: Italy
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.004/12
Threats*: Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Vilnius Historic Centre (1997)
States Parties: Lithuania
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for a comprehensive rehabilitation programme
Vilnius Historic Centre (1996)
States Parties: Lithuania
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Need for a comprehensive rehabilitation programme
Vilnius Historic Centre (1995)
States Parties: Lithuania
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Financial resources
Other Threats: Need for a comprehensive rehabilitation programme
Virgin Komi Forests (1997)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Mining
Virunga National Park (1997)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Virunga National Park (1996)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Virunga National Park (1995)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Danger List:  Yes
Virunga National Park (1994)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Mining
Virunga National Park (1993)
States Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year: 1993
Document Source: WHC-93/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Civil unrest Financial resources Fishing/collecting aquatic resources Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community Illegal activities Land conversion Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals Mining
Volcanoes of Kamchatka (1997)
States Parties: Russian Federation
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Threats*: Mining
Wet Tropics of Queensland (1992)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/5
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Wet Tropics of Queensland (1991)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4
Threats*: Financial resources Management systems/ management plan Water infrastructure
Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino (1997)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2B,WHC-97/CONF.208/4B,WHC-97/CONF.208/8B
Threats*: Localised utilities Marine transport infrastructure
Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino (1996)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7B,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Localised utilities Marine transport infrastructure
Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino (1995)
States Parties: Mexico
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Localised utilities Marine transport infrastructure
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1997)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Danger List:  Yes
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1996)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Danger List:  Yes
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1995)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Danger List:  Yes
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1994)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B,WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Danger List:  Yes
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1989)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.004/10,SC-89/CONF.004/12
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1988)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1988
Document Source: SC-88/CONF.001/8,SC-88/CONF.007/5
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines (1984)
States Parties: Poland
Year: 1984
Document Source: SC/84/CONF.004/4
Threats*: Relative humidity Water (rain/water table)
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration
Willandra Lakes Region (1995)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Willandra Lakes Region (1994)
States Parties: Australia
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/3B Add.1
Threats*: Management systems/ management plan
Other Threats: Problems with landowners resident in the site and aboriginal concerns
Wood Buffalo National Park (1992)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1992
Document Source: CLT-92/CONF.003/3,WHC-92/CONF.002/12
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Localised utilities Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Bison herd infected with either tuberculosis and/or brucellosis
Wood Buffalo National Park (1991)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/4 Add.
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Localised utilities Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Bison herd infected with either tuberculosis and/or brucellosis
Wood Buffalo National Park (1990)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1990
Document Source: CC-90/CONF.004/13
Threats*: Localised utilities Water infrastructure
Other Threats: Bison herd infected with either tuberculosis and/or brucellosis
Wood Buffalo National Park (1989)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Threats*: Localised utilities
Other Threats: 50% of the bison herd infected with either tuberculosis and/or brucellosis
Wood Buffalo National Park (1985)
States Parties: Canada
Year: 1985
Document Source: SC-85/CONF.008/9
Threats*: Water infrastructure
Xanthos-Letoon (1994)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.003/6,WHC-94/CONF.003/6 Add.
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Flooding Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Xanthos-Letoon (1991)
States Parties: Türkiye
Year: 1991
Document Source: SC-91/CONF.002/3
Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure Ground transport infrastructure Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Management systems/ management plan Water (rain/water table)
Yakushima (1997)
States Parties: Japan
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.208/4B
Yellowstone National Park (1997)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1997
Document Source: WHC-97/CONF.204/2A,WHC-97/CONF.208/8A
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien freshwater species Mining Oil and gas Renewable energy facilities Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Infection threat to bison population
Danger List:  Yes
Yellowstone National Park (1996)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1996
Document Source: WHC-96/CONF.201/7A,WHC-96/CONF.202/2B
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien freshwater species Mining Oil and gas Renewable energy facilities Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Infection threat to bison population
Danger List:  Yes
Yellowstone National Park (1995)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1995
Document Source: WHC-95/CONF.201/4,WHC-95/CONF.203/5,WHC-95/CONF.203/5 Add.1
Threats*: Forestry /wood production Ground transport infrastructure Housing Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation Invasive / alien freshwater species Mining Oil and gas Renewable energy facilities Surface water pollution
Other Threats: Infection threat to bison population
Yellowstone National Park (1994)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1994
Document Source: WHC-94/CONF.001/10
Threats*: Mining
Yellowstone National Park (1989)
States Parties: United States of America
Year: 1989
Document Source: SC-89/CONF.003/12,SC-89/CONF.003/2,SC-89/CONF.004/12,SC-89/CONF.004/5
Other Threats: Fire
Properties
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Categories
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Regions
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States Parties
Albania Algeria Argentina Australia Bangladesh Belarus Benin Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic China Colombia Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia Finland France Germany Ghana Greece Guatemala Guinea Haiti Holy See Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Italy Japan Jordan Lao People's Democratic Republic Lebanon Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malawi Mali Malta Mauritania Mexico Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Nepal New Zealand Niger Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Senegal Serbia Seychelles Slovenia Spain Sri Lanka Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Türkiye Uganda United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United Republic of Tanzania United States of America Uzbekistan Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
Threats
Management systems/ management plan 230 Illegal activities 106 Ground transport infrastructure 83 Housing 80 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 64 Management activities 60 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 59 Financial resources 57 Legal framework 54 Water infrastructure 51 Water (rain/water table) 46 Land conversion 44 Mining 42 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 28 Human resources 27 Surface water pollution 25 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 24 Relative humidity 23 Civil unrest 23 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 22 Storms 19 Air pollution 18 Forestry /wood production 18 War 18 Localised utilities 17 Solid waste 16 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 16 Crop production 15 Earthquake 15 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 14 Water (extraction) 14 Commercial development 13 Deliberate destruction of heritage 13 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 13 Oil and gas 12 Flooding 11 Wind 8 Industrial areas 7 Marine transport infrastructure 7 Major linear utilities 7 Input of excess energy 7 Avalanche/ landslide 7 Air transport infrastructure 6 Subsistence hunting 6 Temperature 6 Interpretative and visitation facilities 5 Micro-organisms 5 Governance 5 Desertification 4 Fire (widlfires) 4 Invasive / alien marine species 4 Renewable energy facilities 3 Pollution of marine waters 3 Quarrying 3 Radiation/light 3 Terrorism 3 Invasive / alien freshwater species 3 Pests 2 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 1 Society's valuing of heritage 1

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.


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