i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
ix
x

State of Conservation

471
Reports
107
Properties concerned
61
States Parties with SOC reports
Threats* : Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructureclose Air transport infrastructureclose Marine transport infrastructureclose Underground transport infrastructureclose
Site State Party Year Threats* Danger List
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2012 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
agra fortAgra Fort india India 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
aldabra atollAldabra Atoll seychelles Seychelles 1986 Air transport infrastructure, No
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar bulgaria Bulgaria 2023 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar bulgaria Bulgaria 2021 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar bulgaria Bulgaria 2019 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar bulgaria Bulgaria 2017 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ancient city of sigiriyaAncient City of Sigiriya sri lanka Sri Lanka 2001 Air transport infrastructure, No
antigua guatemalaAntigua Guatemala guatemala Guatemala 1993 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Numerous ruins in the city that in danger of collapse in the event of an earthquake
No
arabian oryx sanctuaryArabian Oryx Sanctuary oman Oman 2000 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
arabian oryx sanctuaryArabian Oryx Sanctuary oman Oman 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2014 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2006 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Absence of any real ecotourism policy and strategy; b) Poor progress recorded in the improvement of the living conditions of the local populations
No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2024 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage; Inappropriate use of public areas and street amenities
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2015 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
No
byblosByblos lebanon Lebanon 1998 Marine transport infrastructure, No
central zone of the town of angra do heroismo in the azoresCentral Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores portugal Portugal 2000 Marine transport infrastructure, No
central zone of the town of angra do heroismo in the azoresCentral Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores portugal Portugal 1999 Marine transport infrastructure, No
central zone of the town of angra do heroismo in the azoresCentral Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores portugal Portugal 1998 Marine transport infrastructure, No
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé chile Chile 2024 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries
No
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé chile Chile 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries
No
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé chile Chile 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries
No
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé chile Chile 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé chile Chile 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
city of cuzcoCity of Cuzco peru Peru 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
city of cuzcoCity of Cuzco peru Peru 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
city of cuzcoCity of Cuzco peru Peru 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Lack of maintenance of historic buildings; b) Use of reinforced concrete in the centre of town
No
city of cuzcoCity of Cuzco peru Peru 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deliberate neglect of historic properties
No
city of cuzcoCity of Cuzco peru Peru 2003 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2023 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2021 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2018 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2017 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2016 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2014 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2013 Underground transport infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 1993 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 1990 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2023 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2021 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2019 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2018 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2017 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2016 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2014 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2013 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2012 Marine transport infrastructure, No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2009 Marine transport infrastructure, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 2023 Underground transport infrastructure, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 2021 Underground transport infrastructure, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 2018 Underground transport infrastructure, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 2016 Underground transport infrastructure, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 2014 Underground transport infrastructure, No
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands russian federation Russian Federation 2023 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system
No
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system
No
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands russian federation Russian Federation 2019 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system
No
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands russian federation Russian Federation 2018 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system
No
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands russian federation Russian Federation 2017 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of monitoring; Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system
No
cultural landscape of sintraCultural Landscape of Sintra portugal Portugal 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: b) Lack of conservation of parks and palaces;
No
curonian spitCuronian Spit lithuania,russian federation Lithuania
Russian Federation
2018 Marine transport infrastructure, No
curonian spitCuronian Spit lithuania,russian federation Lithuania
Russian Federation
2016 Marine transport infrastructure, No
danube deltaDanube Delta romania Romania 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
donana national parkDoñana National Park spain Spain 2002 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline of the Iberian lynx and Imperial eagle populations
No
donana national parkDoñana National Park spain Spain 2001 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline of the Iberian lynx and Imperial eagle populations
No
fatehpur sikriFatehpur Sikri india India 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2023 Underground transport infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2021 Underground transport infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2019 Underground transport infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2018 Underground transport infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2017 Underground transport infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2016 Underground transport infrastructure, No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2003 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
garden kingdom of dessau-worlitzGarden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz germany Germany 2004 Marine transport infrastructure, No
garden kingdom of dessau-worlitzGarden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz germany Germany 2003 Marine transport infrastructure, No
grand canyon national parkGrand Canyon National Park united states of america United States of America 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2024 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships
No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2023 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships
No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2021 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships
No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2017 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships
No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2015 Marine transport infrastructure, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2014 Marine transport infrastructure, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2013 Marine transport infrastructure, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2012 Marine transport infrastructure, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2011 Marine transport infrastructure, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2004 Marine transport infrastructure, No
greater blue mountains areaGreater Blue Mountains Area australia Australia 2023 Air transport infrastructure, No
greater blue mountains areaGreater Blue Mountains Area australia Australia 2021 Air transport infrastructure, No
greater blue mountains areaGreater Blue Mountains Area australia Australia 2019 Air transport infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2015 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2001 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 2000 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Yes
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi india India 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 2003 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Rapid economic development
No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 2002 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Rapid economic development
No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 2001 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Rapid economic development
No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 2000 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risks linked to addressing environmental impacts of individual projects to the neglect of monitoring cumulative impacts of the overall development of Ha Long City and other areas surrounding the World Heritage area
No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 1999 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 1998 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 1997 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 1996 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 1995 Marine transport infrastructure, No
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan india India 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions
No
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan india India 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions
No
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan india India 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions
No
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan india India 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2024 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture; Impact of change of status of the Hagia Sophia and the Chora Museum
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2023 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2021 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2018 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2017 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas); Land Reclamation project
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2015 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas); Land Reclamation project
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2013 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas); Land Reclamation project
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2012 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas)
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2011 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas);
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2010 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas);
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2003 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need to monitor movements which could affect the structure of the building
No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2000 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need to monitor movements which could affect the structure of the building
No
historic cairoHistoric Cairo egypt Egypt 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre (old town) of tallinnHistoric Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn estonia Estonia 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Impact of the transportation of hazardous materials to the Old Town
No
historic centre (old town) of tallinnHistoric Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn estonia Estonia 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Impact of the transportation of hazardous materials to the Old Town
No
historic centre (old town) of tallinnHistoric Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn estonia Estonia 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre (old town) of tallinnHistoric Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn estonia Estonia 2006 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of český krumlovHistoric Centre of Český Krumlov czechia Czechia 2011 Underground transport infrastructure, No
historic centre of mexico city and xochimilcoHistoric Centre of Mexico City and Xochimilco mexico Mexico 2011 Underground transport infrastructure, No
historic centre of naplesHistoric Centre of Naples italy Italy 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: lack of continuous maintenance of the urban fabric
No
historic centre of pueblaHistoric Centre of Puebla mexico Mexico 2004 Underground transport infrastructure, No
historic centre of pueblaHistoric Centre of Puebla mexico Mexico 2003 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fire in December 2002
No
historic centre of rigaHistoric Centre of Riga latvia Latvia 2004 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic centre of rome, the properties of the holy see in that city enjoying extraterritorial rights and san paolo fuori le muraHistoric Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura holy see,italy Italy
Holy See
1993 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of rome, the properties of the holy see in that city enjoying extraterritorial rights and san paolo fuori le muraHistoric Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura holy see,italy Italy
Holy See
1992 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of the town of olindaHistoric Centre of the Town of Olinda brazil Brazil 1993 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic centre of the town of olindaHistoric Centre of the Town of Olinda brazil Brazil 1987 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic city of meknesHistoric City of Meknes morocco Morocco 2000 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic district of old quebecHistoric District of Old Québec canada Canada 2005 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic district of old quebecHistoric District of Old Québec canada Canada 2004 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risk of fire
No
historic district of old quebecHistoric District of Old Québec canada Canada 2003 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic district of old quebecHistoric District of Old Québec canada Canada 2002 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic district of old quebecHistoric District of Old Québec canada Canada 2001 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the city of colonia del sacramentoHistoric Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento uruguay Uruguay 2012 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the city of colonia del sacramentoHistoric Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento uruguay Uruguay 2011 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the city of colonia del sacramentoHistoric Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento uruguay Uruguay 2009 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the city of colonia del sacramentoHistoric Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento uruguay Uruguay 2008 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2023 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2021 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2019 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fire
No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2017 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fire
No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2015 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fire
No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2014 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2013 Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2006 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historic town of ouro pretoHistoric Town of Ouro Preto brazil Brazil 1990 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
historical centre of the city of arequipaHistorical Centre of the City of Arequipa peru Peru 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Material decay and abandonment of buildings, as well as the effect of heavy traffic on historic buildings
No
historical centre of the city of arequipaHistorical Centre of the City of Arequipa peru Peru 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Material decay and abandonment of buildings
No
huascarán national parkHuascarán National Park peru Peru 2001 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
huascarán national parkHuascarán National Park peru Peru 2000 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
huascarán national parkHuascarán National Park peru Peru 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
huascarán national parkHuascarán National Park peru Peru 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
ibiza, biodiversity and cultureIbiza, Biodiversity and Culture spain Spain 2011 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ibiza, biodiversity and cultureIbiza, Biodiversity and Culture spain Spain 2010 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ibiza, biodiversity and cultureIbiza, Biodiversity and Culture spain Spain 2009 Marine transport infrastructure, No
iguacu national parkIguaçu National Park brazil Brazil 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
ilulissat icefjordIlulissat Icefjord denmark Denmark 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
ilulissat icefjordIlulissat Icefjord denmark Denmark 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
imperial palaces of the ming and qing dynasties in beijing and shenyangImperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang china China 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
isole eolie (aeolian islands)Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) italy Italy 2010 Marine transport infrastructure, No
isole eolie (aeolian islands)Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) italy Italy 2008 Marine transport infrastructure, No
isole eolie (aeolian islands)Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) italy Italy 2007 Marine transport infrastructure, No
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers algeria Algeria 2015 Underground transport infrastructure, No
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers algeria Algeria 2013 Underground transport infrastructure, No
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers algeria Algeria 2011 Underground transport infrastructure, No
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers algeria Algeria 2009 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: b) Lack of maintenance of dwelling places;
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2024 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2023 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2019 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2018 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2017 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2016 Air transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2015 Air transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2013 Air transport infrastructure, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2003 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2001 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2000 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1997 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1996 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1995 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1994 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1993 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2023 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration
No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration
No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2019 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration
No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2018 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration
No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2016 Marine transport infrastructure, No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2014 Marine transport infrastructure, No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2013 Marine transport infrastructure, No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2012 Marine transport infrastructure, No
lakes of ouniangaLakes of Ounianga chad Chad 2015 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
lakes of ouniangaLakes of Ounianga chad Chad 2014 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2023 Air transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2019 Air transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2018 Air transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2017 Air transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2016 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2015 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2014 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2013 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2012 Marine transport infrastructure, No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2011 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fire
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2010 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate sewerage, waste disposal, and overall infrastructure, and risk to limited fresh water supplies; Fire
No
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2009 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fire
No
laurisilva of madeiraLaurisilva of Madeira portugal Portugal 2009 Air transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
lines and geoglyphs of nasca and palpaLines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa peru Peru 2011 Air transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
No
lines and geoglyphs of nasca and palpaLines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa peru Peru 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
No
lines and geoglyphs of nasca and palpaLines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa peru Peru 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
No
lines and geoglyphs of nasca and palpaLines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa peru Peru 2006 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site
No
lines and geoglyphs of nasca and palpaLines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa peru Peru 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
mammoth cave national parkMammoth Cave National Park united states of america United States of America 2002 Air transport infrastructure, No
mathildenhohe darmstadtMathildenhöhe Darmstadt germany Germany 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2015 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2013 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2012 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2011 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: b) Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena;
No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2009 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2008 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena
No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2007 Air transport infrastructure, No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2006 Air transport infrastructure, No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2005 Air transport infrastructure, No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2004 Air transport infrastructure, No
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 2003 Air transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2023 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2021 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2019 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2017 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2015 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2013 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2012 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2010 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2009 Underground transport infrastructure, No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2008 Underground transport infrastructure, No
melaka and george town, historic cities of the straits of malaccaMelaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca malaysia Malaysia 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2023 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Urban encroachment
No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2021 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Urban encroachment
No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2019 Underground transport infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2018 Underground transport infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2017 Underground transport infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2016 Underground transport infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2004 Underground transport infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2003 Underground transport infrastructure, No
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers haiti Haiti 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers haiti Haiti 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers haiti Haiti 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers haiti Haiti 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers haiti Haiti 2014 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor montenegro Montenegro 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor montenegro Montenegro 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve russian federation Russian Federation 2023 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Increased human presence
No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve russian federation Russian Federation 2019 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Increased human presence
No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve russian federation Russian Federation 2018 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Increased human presence
No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve russian federation Russian Federation 2017 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Increased human presence
No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve russian federation Russian Federation 2016 Marine transport infrastructure, No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve russian federation Russian Federation 2015 Marine transport infrastructure, No
ngorongoro conservation areaNgorongoro Conservation Area united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2002 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline of the fauna populations
No
old and new towns of edinburghOld and New Towns of Edinburgh united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments; Urban environment and visual integrity; Impact of archaeological excavations
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments; Urban environment and visual integrity; Impact of archaeological excavations
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2015 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2014 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2012 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments;
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments;
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Natural risk factors b) Deterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2007 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factorsDeterioration of monuments
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2006 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monument
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Natural risk factors; b) Conservation of archaeological heritage; c) Deterioration of monuments; d) Alteration of the built fabric.
Yes
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Lack of maintenance; b) Natural factors
Yes
old raumaOld Rauma finland Finland 1993 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2024 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2023 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2021 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2018 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2016 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2014 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2013 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2012 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2011 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2010 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2009 Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2008 Marine transport infrastructure, No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 2001 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Impact of the Havel waterway improvement project on the cultural landscape
No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 2000 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 1997 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 1996 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 1995 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
pergamon and its multi-layered cultural landscapePergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape turkiye Türkiye 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need to improve the monitoring system by specifying which organization is responsible for monitoring each indicator and include seismic monitoring
No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2023 Marine transport infrastructure, No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2021 Marine transport infrastructure, No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2019 Marine transport infrastructure, No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2012 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2010 Marine transport infrastructure, No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2008 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of conservation of the Church of Santo Domingo
No
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís costa rica Costa Rica 2023 Air transport infrastructure, No
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís costa rica Costa Rica 2021 Air transport infrastructure, No
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís costa rica Costa Rica 2018 Air transport infrastructure, No
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís costa rica Costa Rica 2016 Air transport infrastructure, No
pythagoreion and heraion of samosPythagoreion and Heraion of Samos greece Greece 1994 Air transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun bahrain Bahrain 2009 Marine transport infrastructure, No
qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun bahrain Bahrain 2007 Marine transport infrastructure, No
rapa nui national parkRapa Nui National Park chile Chile 1998 Marine transport infrastructure, No
robben islandRobben Island south africa South Africa 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: a) Natural values and cultural landscape qualities are not yet reflected in the islands management structure and conservation priorities; b) Fire
No
robben islandRobben Island south africa South Africa 2003 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Natural values and cultural landscape qualities are not yet reflected in the islands management structure and conservation priorities
No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 2009 Air transport infrastructure, No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 2007 Air transport infrastructure, No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 2006 Air transport infrastructure, No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 2004 Air transport infrastructure, No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 2003 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
No
san agustin archaeological parkSan Agustín Archaeological Park colombia Colombia 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: State of conservation of the fabric of the megalithic sculptures
No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2024 Air transport infrastructure, No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2023 Air transport infrastructure, No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2021 Air transport infrastructure, No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2018 Air transport infrastructure, No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2016 Air transport infrastructure, No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2014 Air transport infrastructure, No
shahr-i sokhtaShahr-i Sokhta iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2024 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2015 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 1999 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
No
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
No
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 1997 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
No
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 1994 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
No
sites of japan’s meiji industrial revolution: iron and steel, shipbuilding and coal miningSites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining japan Japan 2023 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats:

No
sites of japan’s meiji industrial revolution: iron and steel, shipbuilding and coal miningSites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining japan Japan 2021 Marine transport infrastructure, No
sites of japan’s meiji industrial revolution: iron and steel, shipbuilding and coal miningSites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining japan Japan 2018 Marine transport infrastructure, No
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2015 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Environmental pressures in relation with the Malindi port project; Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness
No
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2011 Marine transport infrastructure, No
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2010 Marine transport infrastructure, No
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2008 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Environmental pressures
No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2024 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2018 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2007 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2005 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2004 Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risks of collapse
No
sundarbans national parkSundarbans National Park india India 2001 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: System of National Waterways proposed for the Sundarbans Reserve
No
taj mahalTaj Mahal india India 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
taos puebloTaos Pueblo united states of america United States of America 1996 Air transport infrastructure, No
taos puebloTaos Pueblo united states of america United States of America 1995 Air transport infrastructure, No
taos puebloTaos Pueblo united states of america United States of America 1994 Air transport infrastructure, No
taos puebloTaos Pueblo united states of america United States of America 1993 Air transport infrastructure, No
te wahipounamu – south west new zealandTe Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand new zealand New Zealand 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Oil spill in the harbour
No
the great wallThe Great Wall china China 2021 Underground transport infrastructure, No
the great wallThe Great Wall china China 2019 Underground transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2024 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains
No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2021 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains
No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2019 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2017 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2015 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2013 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2011 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2009 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2008 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains
No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2024 Air transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Condition of historic buildings requiring physical conservation works; Need for urban design guidelines
No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2021 Air transport infrastructure, No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2012 Air transport infrastructure, No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2009 Air transport infrastructure, No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2012 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient maintenance
No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2011 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient maintenance
No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2010 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient maintenance
No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2006 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Insufficient maintenance
No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2004 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2001 Marine transport infrastructure, No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 1996 Marine transport infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2015 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2011 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2009 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2023 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Climate change and severe weather events / Climate Change impacts on the lagoon ecology and built fabric
No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Climate change and severe weather events / Climate Change impacts on the lagoon ecology and built fabric
No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2019 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Climate change and severe weather events / Climate Change impacts on the lagoon ecology and built fabric
No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2017 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2016 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2014 Marine transport infrastructure, No
wadden seaWadden Sea denmark,germany,netherlands (kingdom of the) Germany
Denmark
Netherlands (Kingdom of the)
2024 Marine transport infrastructure, No
wadi al-hitan (whale valley)Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley) egypt Egypt 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 2000 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline in sea animals populations
No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 1999 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline in sea animals populations
No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 1998 Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline in sea animals populations
No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 1997 Marine transport infrastructure, No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 1996 Marine transport infrastructure, No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 1995 Marine transport infrastructure, No
works of antoni gaudiWorks of Antoni Gaudí spain Spain 2013 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
works of antoni gaudiWorks of Antoni Gaudí spain Spain 2011 Underground transport infrastructure, No
works of antoni gaudiWorks of Antoni Gaudí spain Spain 2010 Underground transport infrastructure, No
works of antoni gaudiWorks of Antoni Gaudí spain Spain 2009 Underground transport infrastructure, No
works of antoni gaudiWorks of Antoni Gaudí spain Spain 2008 Underground transport infrastructure, No
xanthos-letoonXanthos-Letoon turkiye Türkiye 1994 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
xanthos-letoonXanthos-Letoon turkiye Türkiye 1991 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 2012 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 2010 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 2008 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 2006 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 2005 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 2004 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Other Threats: Brucella infection threat to bison population
No

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.