State of Conservation
255
Reports
255
Properties concerned
113
States Parties with SOC reports
Date Start:
2021close
Date end:2021close
Site | State Party | Year | Threats* | Danger List |
---|---|---|---|---|
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius |
2021 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
abu menaAbu Mena | egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Encroachments within the property and inappropriate recent constructions; Lack of engagement with local communities and other stakeholders |
Yes |
air and tenere natural reservesAir and Ténéré Natural Reserves | niger |
2021 | Civil unrest, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Forestry /wood production, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | Yes |
aksumAksum | ethiopia |
2021 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
ancient and primeval beech forests of the carpathians and other regions of europeAncient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe | albania,austria,belgium,bosnia and herzegovina,bulgaria,croatia,czechia,france,germany,italy,north macedonia,poland,romania,slovakia,slovenia,spain,switzerland,ukraine |
2021 | Commercial hunting, Forestry /wood production, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
ancient building complex in the wudang mountainsAncient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains | china |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
ancient city of aleppoAncient City of Aleppo | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
ancient city of bosraAncient City of Bosra | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Housing, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Society's valuing of heritage,
War,
Other Threats: fire |
Yes |
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar | bulgaria |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
ancient maya city and protected tropical forests of calakmul, campecheAncient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche | mexico |
2021 | Governance, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
ancient thebes with its necropolisAncient Thebes with its Necropolis | egypt |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Natural decay and structural problems Major infrastructure and development projects Uncontrolled urban development |
No |
ancient villages of northern syriaAncient Villages of Northern Syria | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
angkorAngkor | cambodia |
2021 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: • Uncontrolled urban expansion; • Lack of clarity regarding property rights and building codes; • Poor law enforcement; |
No |
aphrodisiasAphrodisias | turkiye |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
archaeological areas of pompei, herculaneum and torre annunziataArchaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata | italy |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: New buffer zone necessary |
No |
archaeological site of carthageArchaeological Site of Carthage | tunisia |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
archaeological site of cyreneArchaeological Site of Cyrene | libya |
2021 | Crop production, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, War, | Yes |
archaeological site of leptis magnaArchaeological Site of Leptis Magna | libya |
2021 | Desertification,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stone masonry; Sand covering certain areas of the property; Graffiti and fires |
Yes |
archaeological site of nalanda mahavihara at nalanda, biharArchaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar | india |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of appropriate documentation to establish the authenticity of the property |
No |
archaeological site of panamá viejo and historic district of panamáArchaeological Site of Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá | panama |
2021 | Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Other Threats: Severe deterioration of historic buildings ; Demolition of urban ensembles and buildings |
No |
archaeological site of sabrathaArchaeological Site of Sabratha | libya |
2021 | Housing,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: Excessive vegetation growth; Impact of humidity and seawater salt on stone masonry |
Yes |
area de conservacion guanacasteArea de Conservación Guanacaste | costa rica |
2021 | Commercial hunting,
Crop production,
Financial resources,
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Mining,
Renewable energy facilities,
Subsistence hunting,
Water (extraction) ,
Other Threats: Fires (intentional and accidental) |
No |
ashur (qal'at sherqat)Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) | iraq |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fragile mud brick structures |
Yes |
asmara: a modernist african cityAsmara: A Modernist African City | eritrea |
2021 | Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
auschwitz birkenau german nazi concentration and extermination camp (1940-1945)Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) |
poland |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Slow process of consultation with local communities |
No |
babylonBabylon | iraq |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park | mauritania |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Oil and gas, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
baptism site “bethany beyond the jordan” (al-maghtas)Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) | jordan |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Buildings and Development (lack of design and construction guidelines) Preservation of important vistas and sightlines of the property |
No |
baroque churches of the philippinesBaroque Churches of the Philippines | philippines |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, | No |
belize barrier reef reserve systemBelize Barrier Reef Reserve System | belize |
2021 | Invasive / alien marine species, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, | No |
białowieża forestBiałowieża Forest | belarus,poland |
2021 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Alterations of the hydrological regime; Border fence impeding mammal movements |
No |
birthplace of jesus: church of the nativity and the pilgrimage route, bethlehemBirthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem | state of palestine |
2021 | Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Degradation of the architectural complex of the Church of the Nativity |
No |
borobudur temple compoundsBorobudur Temple Compounds | indonesia |
2021 | No | |
brasiliaBrasilia | brazil |
2021 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue | hungary |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage |
No |
byblosByblos | lebanon |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
canaima national parkCanaima National Park | venezuela (bolivarian republic of) |
2021 | Major linear utilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Conflicts between the Pemons communities and the National Guard; Need to finalize the boundaries of the area |
No |
cape floral region protected areasCape Floral Region Protected Areas | south africa |
2021 | Financial resources, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, | No |
central sikhote-alinCentral Sikhote-Alin | russian federation |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
cerrado protected areas: chapada dos veadeiros and emas national parksCerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks | brazil |
2021 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
chan chan archaeological zoneChan Chan Archaeological Zone | peru |
2021 | Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continuous deterioration of earthen architecture structures and decorated surfaces from lack of conservation and maintenance practices |
Yes |
chitwan national parkChitwan National Park | nepal |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé | chile |
2021 | Commercial development,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries |
No |
city of potosiCity of Potosí | bolivia (plurinational state of) |
2021 | Legal framework,
Mining,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Instability and risk of collapse of the Cerro Rico; Deficiencies in conservation; Environmental impacts on the hydraulic complex |
Yes |
city of quitoCity of Quito | ecuador |
2021 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
cliff of bandiagara (land of the dogons)Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) | mali |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Financial resources,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Intercommunity conflict between the Dogons and the Fulani |
No |
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection | panama |
2021 | Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo | dominican republic |
2021 | Earthquake, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, Storms, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
comoe national parkComoé National Park | cote d'ivoire |
2021 | Fire (widlfires),
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Boundaries: reduction of the surface of the Park |
No |
cornwall and west devon mining landscapeCornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Commercial development, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
coro and its portCoro and its Port | venezuela (bolivarian republic of) |
2021 | Flooding,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Serious deterioration of materials and structure |
Yes |
crac des chevaliers and qal’at salah el-dinCrac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands | russian federation |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system |
No |
cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the bamiyan valleyCultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley | afghanistan |
2021 | Commercial development,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of the Giant Buddha niches; Irreversible deterioration of the mural paintings |
Yes |
cultural landscape of bali province: the subak system as a manifestation of the tri hita karana philosophyCultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy | indonesia |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Governance, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
diyarbakır fortress and hevsel gardens cultural landscapeDiyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape | turkiye |
2021 | Civil unrest, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
dja faunal reserveDja Faunal Reserve | cameroon |
2021 | Commercial hunting,
Forestry /wood production,
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risk of loss of ecological connectivity |
No |
djoudj national bird sanctuaryDjoudj National Bird Sanctuary | senegal |
2021 | Financial resources,
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Human resources,
Invasive / alien freshwater species,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Subsistence hunting,
Other Threats: Soils salinity |
No |
donana national parkDoñana National Park | spain |
2021 | Major linear utilities, Mining, Non-renewable energy facilities, Oil and gas, Water (extraction) , Water (rain/water table), Water infrastructure, | No |
dong phayayen-khao yai forest complexDong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex | thailand |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Forest fragmentation / Need for ecological corridors |
No |
durmitor national parkDurmitor National Park | montenegro |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
east rennellEast Rennell | solomon islands |
2021 | Changes to oceanic waters, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Forestry /wood production, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Storms, | Yes |
el pinacate and gran desierto de altar biosphere reserveEl Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve | mexico |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: • Necessity to save the Sonoran Pronghorn from possible extinction • Environmental concerns in security efforts along the international border |
No |
ennedi massif: natural and cultural landscapeEnnedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape | chad |
2021 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
erbil citadelErbil Citadel | iraq |
2021 | Legal framework,
Other Threats: Slopes of the archaeological mound non stabilized |
No |
everglades national parkEverglades National Park | united states of america |
2021 | Housing,
Invasive / alien freshwater species,
Storms,
Surface water pollution,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Mercury contamination of fish and wildlife |
Yes |
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore | pakistan |
2021 | Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
fortifications on the caribbean side of panama: portobelo-san lorenzoFortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo | panama |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of established boundaries and buffer zones |
Yes |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana |
2021 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Ground water pollution,
Illegal activities,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa |
2021 | Ground water pollution,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other climate change impacts,
Surface water pollution,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
galápagos islandsGalápagos Islands | ecuador |
2021 | Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Governance, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, | No |
garamba national parkGaramba National Park | democratic republic of the congo |
2021 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
gebel barkal and the sites of the napatan regionGebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region | sudan |
2021 | Desertification, Flooding, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Wind, | No |
gelati monasteryGelati Monastery | georgia |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: General need for interior and exterior conservation work on the monuments |
No |
gobekli tepeGöbekli Tepe | turkiye |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, | No |
golden mountains of altaiGolden Mountains of Altai | russian federation |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major linear utilities, | No |
gondwana rainforests of australiaGondwana Rainforests of Australia | australia |
2021 | Fire (widlfires), | No |
gough and inaccessible islandsGough and Inaccessible Islands | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Invasive/alien terrestrial species, | No |
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef | australia |
2021 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Ground water pollution,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Other climate change impacts,
Storms,
Surface water pollution,
Temperature change,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships |
No |
great burkhan khaldun mountain and its surrounding sacred landscapeGreat Burkhan Khaldun Mountain and its surrounding sacred landscape | mongolia |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
great himalayan national park conservation areaGreat Himalayan National Park Conservation Area | india |
2021 | Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Rights issues with respect to local communities and indigenous peoples in the Tirthan and Sainj Wildlife Sanctuaries (issue resolved) |
No |
greater blue mountains areaGreater Blue Mountains Area | australia |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Mining, Water infrastructure, | No |
gros morne national parkGros Morne National Park | canada |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, | No |
gusuku sites and related properties of the kingdom of ryukyuGusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu | japan |
2021 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago | viet nam |
2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
hatraHatra | iraq |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Major looting of Iraqi archaeological sites |
Yes |
hebron/al-khalil old townHebron/Al-Khalil Old Town | state of palestine |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Absence of Statement of Outstanding Universal Value at the time of inscription |
Yes |
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan | india |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Industrial areas,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions |
No |
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul | turkiye |
2021 | Commercial development,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture |
No |
historic cairoHistoric Cairo | egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Dilapidated infrastructure; Neglect and lack of maintenance |
No |
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara | uzbekistan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: degradation of traditional houses |
No |
historic centre of limaHistoric Centre of Lima | peru |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of macaoHistoric Centre of Macao | china |
2021 | Housing, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of pragueHistoric Centre of Prague | czechia |
2021 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of shakhrisyabzHistoric Centre of Shakhrisyabz | uzbekistan |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Demolition and re-building of traditional housing areas |
Yes |
historic centre of sheki with the khan’s palaceHistoric Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace | azerbaijan |
2021 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of the city of salzburgHistoric Centre of the City of Salzburg | austria |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of viennaHistoric Centre of Vienna | austria |
2021 | Housing,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Other Threats: Desirability of conservation of historic roof constructions within the property |
Yes |
historic centres of berat and gjirokastraHistoric Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra | albania |
2021 | Governance,
Ground transport infrastructure,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate fire fighting arrangements in the historic urban zone |
No |
historic city of ahmadabadHistoric City of Ahmadabad | india |
2021 | Commercial development, Housing, Human resources, Low impact research / monitoring activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic ensemble of the potala palace, lhasaHistoric Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa | china |
2021 | Commercial development, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic inner city of paramariboHistoric Inner City of Paramaribo | suriname |
2021 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic jeddah, the gate to makkahHistoric Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah | saudi arabia |
2021 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: High rate of decay of the historic houses |
No |
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso | chile |
2021 | Commercial development, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu | peru |
2021 | Avalanche/ landslide, Flooding, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire |
2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid | yemen |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
historical centre of the city of arequipaHistorical Centre of the City of Arequipa | peru |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historical monuments at makli, thattaHistorical Monuments at Makli, Thatta | pakistan |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Earthquake,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Stability of the foundations (earth mechanics) of the Jam Nizamuddin tomb |
No |
historical monuments of mtskhetaHistorical Monuments of Mtskheta | georgia |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
humberstone and santa laura saltpeter worksHumberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works | chile |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Wind,
Other Threats: Extremely fragile nature of the industrial buildings; Lack of maintenance over the past 40 years. |
No |
iguacu national parkIguaçu National Park | brazil |
2021 | Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
iguazu national parkIguazu National Park | argentina |
2021 | Governance, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
isimangaliso wetland parkiSimangaliso Wetland Park | south africa |
2021 | Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other Threats: Conflicting land use |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal |
2021 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
islands and protected areas of the gulf of californiaIslands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California | mexico |
2021 | Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Illegal activities,
Other Threats: Serious concerns over the conservation status of two species, vaquita (porpoise species) and totoaba (marine fish) |
Yes |
itchan kalaItchan Kala | uzbekistan |
2021 | Management activities, | No |
kahuzi-biega national parkKahuzi-Biega National Park | democratic republic of the congo |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Commercial hunting,
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Mining,
War,
Other Threats: Villages in the ecological corridor between the highland and lowland sectors of the park |
Yes |
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers | algeria |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley | nepal |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Earthquake, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
kenya lake system in the great rift valleyKenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley | kenya |
2021 | Governance, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
keoladeo national parkKeoladeo National Park | india |
2021 | Invasive / alien freshwater species,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Water (extraction) ,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Disappearance of Siberian cranes |
No |
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost | russian federation |
2021 | Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration |
No |
komodo national parkKomodo National Park | indonesia |
2021 | Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
koutammakou, the land of the batammaribaKoutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba | benin,togo |
2021 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Emergence of new forms of construction; Destruction of several Sikien during the 2018 rainy season |
No |
krzemionki prehistoric striped flint mining regionKrzemionki Prehistoric Striped Flint Mining Region | poland |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
ksar of ait-ben-haddouKsar of Ait-Ben-Haddou | morocco |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
kyiv: saint-sophia cathedral and related monastic buildings, kyiv-pechersk lavraKyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra | ukraine |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lake baikalLake Baikal | russian federation |
2021 | Fire (widlfires), Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Surface water pollution, Water infrastructure, | No |
lake malawi national parkLake Malawi National Park | malawi |
2021 | Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, Surface water pollution, | No |
lake turkana national parksLake Turkana National Parks | kenya |
2021 | Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, Water infrastructure, | Yes |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
landscape for breeding and training of ceremonial carriage horses at kladruby nad labemLandscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses at Kladruby nad Labem | czechia |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Non-renewable energy facilities, | No |
landscapes of dauriaLandscapes of Dauria | mongolia,russian federation |
2021 | Financial resources, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
liverpool – maritime mercantile cityLiverpool – Maritime Mercantile City | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Commercial development, Governance, High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | Yes |
lorentz national parkLorentz National Park | indonesia |
2021 | Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Other climate change impacts, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lumbini, the birthplace of the lord buddhaLumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha | nepal |
2021 | Air pollution, Commercial development, Housing, Industrial areas, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, | No |
maloti-drakensberg parkMaloti-Drakensberg Park | lesotho,south africa |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Oil and gas,
Other Threats: Buffer zones not yet formalized |
No |
mana pools national park, sapi and chewore safari areasMana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas | zimbabwe |
2021 | Illegal activities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
manas wildlife sanctuaryManas Wildlife Sanctuary | india |
2021 | Crop production, Financial resources, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Military training, Water infrastructure, | No |
manovo-gounda st floris national parkManovo-Gounda St Floris National Park | central african republic |
2021 | Civil unrest, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | Yes |
mausoleum of khoja ahmed yasawiMausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi | kazakhstan |
2021 | Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
medieval monuments in kosovoMedieval Monuments in Kosovo | serbia |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property |
Yes |
medina of sousseMedina of Sousse | tunisia |
2021 | No | |
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Housing, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur | egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Urban encroachment |
No |
minaret and archaeological remains of jamMinaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam | afghanistan |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret |
Yes |
monarch butterfly biosphere reserveMonarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve | mexico |
2021 | Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Mining,
Other Threats: Decline in the overwintering population of Monarch butterflies in the property |
No |
mosi-oa-tunya / victoria fallsMosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls | zambia,zimbabwe |
2021 | Air pollution, Drought, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Surface water pollution, Water (extraction) , Water infrastructure, | No |
mount nimba strict nature reserveMount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve | cote d'ivoire,guinea |
2021 | Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | Yes |
mountain railways of indiaMountain Railways of India | india |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
nan madol: ceremonial centre of eastern micronesiaNan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia | micronesia (federated states of) |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers | haiti |
2021 | Earthquake, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
natural and cultural heritage of the ohrid regionNatural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region | albania,north macedonia |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor | montenegro |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
ngorongoro conservation areaNgorongoro Conservation Area | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Crop production,
Governance,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Challenging situation of community livelihoods; Condition and conservation of the Laetoli hominid footprints |
No |
niokolo-koba national parkNiokolo-Koba National Park | senegal |
2021 | Drought, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Translocated species, Water infrastructure, | Yes |
okapi wildlife reserveOkapi Wildlife Reserve | democratic republic of the congo |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Mining, | Yes |
okavango deltaOkavango Delta | botswana |
2021 | Governance,
Invasive / alien freshwater species,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other Threats: Animal sanitation and diseases; Transboundary management of water resources |
No |
old city of dubrovnikOld City of Dubrovnik | croatia |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls | jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) | 2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Governance,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments; Urban environment and visual integrity; Impact of archaeological excavations |
Yes |
old city of sana'aOld City of Sana'a | yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Desertification,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
War,
Other Threats: Functional decay of the residential neighborhoods; Physical damage and instability of buildings; Problems with the network for the evacuation of rainwater |
Yes |
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications | sri lanka |
2021 | Commercial development, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
old town of ghadamesOld Town of Ghadamès | libya |
2021 | War,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Fires |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old walled city of shibamOld Walled City of Shibam | yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest, Financial resources, Flooding, Human resources, War, Water (rain/water table), | Yes |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria |
2021 | Fire (widlfires),
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers |
No |
ouadi qadisha (the holy valley) and the forest of the cedars of god (horsh arz el-rab)Ouadi Qadisha (the Holy Valley) and the Forest of the Cedars of God (Horsh Arz el-Rab) | lebanon |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Degradation of the mural paintings and buildings |
No |
palace of westminster and westminster abbey including saint margaret’s churchPalace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
palestine: land of olives and vines – cultural landscape of southern jerusalem, battirPalestine: Land of Olives and Vines – Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir | state of palestine |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: Potential construction of a separation fence (wall) |
Yes |
pampulha modern ensemblePampulha Modern Ensemble | brazil |
2021 | Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
pantanal conservation areaPantanal Conservation Area | brazil |
2021 | Fire (widlfires), | No |
paris, banks of the seineParis, Banks of the Seine | france |
2021 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
petraPetra | jordan |
2021 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, | No |
phong nha-ke bang national parkPhong Nha-Ke Bang National Park | viet nam |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
pirin national parkPirin National Park | bulgaria |
2021 | Commercial development, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
pitons management areaPitons Management Area | saint lucia |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
plitvice lakes national parkPlitvice Lakes National Park | croatia |
2021 | Air pollution, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, Water (extraction) , | No |
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena | colombia |
2021 | Commercial development, Governance, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís | costa rica |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Financial resources, Governance, Housing, Human resources, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun | bahrain |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, | No |
qhapaq nan, andean road systemQhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System | argentina,bolivia (plurinational state of),chile,colombia,ecuador,peru |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
quebrada de humahuacaQuebrada de Humahuaca | argentina |
2021 | Crop production, Flooding, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
rabat, modern capital and historic city: a shared heritageRabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage | morocco |
2021 | Housing,
Other Threats: Major urban projects |
No |
rainforests of the atsinananaRainforests of the Atsinanana | madagascar |
2021 | Fire (widlfires), Governance, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Mining, Society's valuing of heritage, Subsistence hunting, | Yes |
rangiri dambulla cave templeRangiri Dambulla Cave Temple | sri lanka |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Pests,
Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continued deterioration of the paintings; General deterioration of the Golden Temple |
No |
rice terraces of the philippine cordillerasRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras | philippines |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Financial resources, Human resources, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
rio plátano biosphere reserveRío Plátano Biosphere Reserve | honduras |
2021 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Overlap with important archaeological sites implying a need to harmonize management of cultural and natural heritage |
Yes |
rock art in the hail region of saudi arabiaRock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia | saudi arabia |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
rock-art sites of tadrart acacusRock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus | libya |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Human resources, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia |
2021 | Earthquake,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Impact of the four temporary shelters constructed in 2008; Demolition of most of the traditional “tukul” dwellings |
No |
royal building of mafra – palace, basilica, convent, cerco garden and hunting park (tapada)Royal Building of Mafra – Palace, Basilica, Convent, Cerco Garden and Hunting Park (Tapada) | portugal |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin |
2021 | Governance,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
No |
rwenzori mountains national parkRwenzori Mountains National Park | uganda |
2021 | Fire (widlfires), Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Other climate change impacts, | No |
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park | nepal |
2021 | Air pollution,
Forestry /wood production,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Input of excess energy,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Mining,
Other climate change impacts,
Quarrying,
Solid waste,
Subsistence wild plant collection,
Other Threats: Human-wildlife conflict |
No |
salonga national parkSalonga National Park | democratic republic of the congo |
2021 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, War, | Yes |
samarkand – crossroad of culturesSamarkand – Crossroad of Cultures | uzbekistan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Conservation of urban fabric |
No |
samarra archaeological citySamarra Archaeological City | iraq |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Other Threats: Weathering and lack of maintenance affecting the fragile structures |
Yes |
sanctuary of bom jesus do monte in bragaSanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga | portugal |
2021 | Legal framework,
Low impact research / monitoring activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to remove the terrace bar |
No |
sanganeb marine national park and dungonab bay – mukkawar island marine national parkSanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay – Mukkawar Island Marine National Park | sudan |
2021 | Financial resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to establish a code of conduct including formal rules and regulations for all dive operators |
No |
sangha trinationalSangha Trinational | cameroon,central african republic,congo |
2021 | Civil unrest, Forestry /wood production, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Major linear utilities, Mining, | No |
sassanid archaeological landscape of fars regionSassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Several serial components at risk of collapse or in a condition of serious deterioration |
No |
selous game reserveSelous Game Reserve | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Oil and gas,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Significant decline of wildlife populations due to poaching ; Need for increased involvement of local communities |
Yes |
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Drought, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Major linear utilities, Water (extraction) , Water infrastructure, | No |
shiretokoShiretoko | japan |
2021 | Aquaculture, Hyper-abundant species, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Water infrastructure, | No |
silk roads: the routes network of chang'an-tianshan corridorSilk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor | china,kazakhstan,kyrgyzstan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Comparative fragility of many sites |
No |
simien national parkSimien National Park | ethiopia |
2021 | Crop production,
Financial resources,
Governance,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Major linear utilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species; Human wildlife conflicts; |
No |
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Localised utilities,
Major linear utilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks |
Yes |
sites of japan’s meiji industrial revolution: iron and steel, shipbuilding and coal miningSites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining | japan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
socotra archipelagoSocotra Archipelago | yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Invasive / alien marine species, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Storms, | No |
south china karstSouth China Karst | china |
2021 | Governance, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape | nigeria |
2021 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, | No |
susaSusa | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Commercial development, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Water (rain/water table), | No |
tai national parkTaï National Park | cote d'ivoire |
2021 | Illegal activities, Mining, | No |
talamanca range-la amistad reserves / la amistad national parkTalamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park | costa rica,panama |
2021 | Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of a long-term biological monitoring program |
No |
tarnowskie gory lead-silver-zinc mine and its underground water management systemTarnowskie Góry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System | poland |
2021 | Legal framework, Water (rain/water table), | No |
tasmanian wildernessTasmanian Wilderness | australia |
2021 | Forestry /wood production,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other Threats: Biosecurity |
No |
temple zone of sambor prei kuk, archaeological site of ancient ishanapuraTemple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura | cambodia |
2021 | Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of some temples |
No |
the ahwar of southern iraq: refuge of biodiversity and the relict landscape of the mesopotamian citiesThe Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities | iraq |
2021 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Highly unstable conservation conditions of the archaeological sites |
No |
the architectural work of le corbusier, an outstanding contribution to the modern movementThe Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement | argentina,belgium,france,germany,india,japan,switzerland |
2021 | Governance, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
the great wallThe Great Wall | china |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
the persian qanatThe Persian Qanat | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
the sundarbansThe Sundarbans | bangladesh |
2021 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Forestry /wood production,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Pollution of marine waters,
Storms,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for an assessment of cumulative impacts on the property via a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) |
No |
thimlich ohinga archaeological siteThimlich Ohinga Archaeological Site | kenya |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
three parallel rivers of yunnan protected areasThree Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas | china |
2021 | Commercial hunting,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Apparent decline in wildlife populations |
No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tipasaTipasa | algeria |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains |
No |
tiwanaku: spiritual and political centre of the tiwanaku cultureTiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture | bolivia (plurinational state of) |
2021 | Governance, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang | lao people's democratic republic |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
trang an landscape complexTrang An Landscape Complex | viet nam |
2021 | Commercial development, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
tropical rainforest heritage of sumatraTropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra | indonesia |
2021 | Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Renewable energy facilities, | Yes |
tyreTyre | lebanon |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
um er-rasas (kastrom mefa'a)Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) | jordan |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unstable structures and lack of security |
No |
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley | germany |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Input of excess energy, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
vat phou and associated ancient settlements within the champasak cultural landscapeVat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements within the Champasak Cultural Landscape | lao people's democratic republic |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
venetian works of defence between the 16th and 17th centuries: stato da terra – western stato da marVenetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar | croatia,italy,montenegro |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon | italy |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Governance,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other climate change impacts,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Climate change and severe weather events / Climate Change impacts on the lagoon ecology and built fabric |
No |
virgin komi forestsVirgin Komi Forests | russian federation |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
virunga national parkVirunga National Park | democratic republic of the congo |
2021 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Oil and gas, War, | Yes |
volcanoes of kamchatkaVolcanoes of Kamchatka | russian federation |
2021 | Fire (widlfires),
Governance,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Illegal activities,
Legal framework,
Major linear utilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Renewable energy facilities,
Other Threats: Decline in populations of wild reindeer and snow sheep |
No |
w-arly-pendjari complexW-Arly-Pendjari Complex | benin,burkina faso,niger |
2021 | Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Terrorism, | No |
wadi rum protected areaWadi Rum Protected Area | jordan |
2021 | Financial resources, Governance, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, | No |
western caucasusWestern Caucasus | russian federation |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
western tien-shanWestern Tien-Shan | kazakhstan,kyrgyzstan,uzbekistan |
2021 | Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
wood buffalo national parkWood Buffalo National Park | canada |
2021 | Air pollution,
Governance,
Ground water pollution,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Oil and gas,
Other climate change impacts,
Renewable energy facilities,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of engagement with First Nations and Metis in monitoring activities and insufficient consideration of traditional ecological knowledge; Insufficiently understood cumulative impacts of multiple development pressures |
No |
wulingyuan scenic and historic interest areaWulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area | china |
2021 | Air pollution, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Surface water pollution, | No |
zuojiang huashan rock art cultural landscapeZuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape | china |
2021 | Forestry /wood production, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, | No |
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.