State of Conservation
283
Reports
38
Properties concerned
18
States Parties with SOC reports
Property Category:Culturalclose
Region:
Africaclose
Site | State Party | Year | Threats* | Danger List |
---|---|---|---|---|
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2023 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2021 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2019 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2014 | No | |
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2012 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, | No |
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2011 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, | No |
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius Mauritius | 2010 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, | No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2024 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 and Mausoleum Urban encroachment and inappropriate new developments |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2023 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 Impact of the recent conflict on cultural heritage in the Tigray region |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2021 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2018 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2016 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2015 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2013 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2012 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2010 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2008 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of cartography, documentation and equipment |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2006 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of cartography, documentation and equipment |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2005 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of documentation and equipment |
No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1998 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
aksumAksum | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1996 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
asante traditional buildingsAsante Traditional Buildings | ghana Ghana | 1999 | Financial resources, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
asante traditional buildingsAsante Traditional Buildings | ghana Ghana | 1997 | Financial resources, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
asante traditional buildingsAsante Traditional Buildings | ghana Ghana | 1996 | Human resources, Land conversion, Pests, Water (rain/water table), | No |
asmara: a modernist african cityAsmara: A Modernist African City | eritrea Eritrea | 2023 | Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
asmara: a modernist african cityAsmara: A Modernist African City | eritrea Eritrea | 2021 | Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
asmara: a modernist african cityAsmara: A Modernist African City | eritrea Eritrea | 2019 | Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
fasil ghebbi, gondar regionFasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1996 |
Other Threats: No threat to the property |
No |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana | 2024 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Ground water pollution,
Illegal activities,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana | 2023 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Ground water pollution,
Illegal activities,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana | 2021 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Ground water pollution,
Illegal activities,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana | 2019 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana | 1998 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana | 1996 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa South Africa | 2023 | Ground water pollution,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other climate change impacts,
Surface water pollution,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa South Africa | 2021 | Ground water pollution,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other climate change impacts,
Surface water pollution,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa South Africa | 2019 | Ground water pollution,
Mining,
Other climate change impacts,
Surface water pollution,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa South Africa | 2017 | Ground water pollution,
Mining,
Surface water pollution,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage; Climate change and severe weather events |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa South Africa | 2015 | Ground water pollution,
Mining,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa South Africa | 2013 | Ground water pollution,
Mining,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
great zimbabwe national monumentGreat Zimbabwe National Monument | zimbabwe Zimbabwe | 1996 |
Other Threats: Collapse of walls |
No |
historic centre of agadezHistoric Centre of Agadez | niger Niger | 2016 | Low impact research / monitoring activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of agadezHistoric Centre of Agadez | niger Niger | 2014 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to describe in a unified and practical form the indicators for monitoring the property and the results of their application |
No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire | 2023 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire | 2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire | 2017 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire | 2015 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire | 2013 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, Storms, Water (rain/water table), | No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2013 | Financial resources, | No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2011 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Other Threats: risk of collapse of historic building |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2009 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of historic buildings; |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2007 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Other Threats: a) Risk of collapse of historic buildingsb) Construction of the replica of the Gorée Memorial |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2006 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Building threatened to collapseb) Construction of the replica of the Goree Memoria |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2005 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Threatened state of the buildings; b) Construction of the replica of the Goree Memoria |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2004 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Important historic buildings in a state of serious dilapidation; b) Replica of the Gorée-Almadies Memorial |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 2003 | Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 1998 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of some buildings |
No |
island of goreeIsland of Gorée | senegal Senegal | 1990 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of some buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2023 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2018 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2016 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2014 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2012 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2010 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: b) Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings; |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2009 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings; |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2008 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: a) Delay in implementing rehabilitation of the San Sebastian Fortressb) Buildings threatened with collapse |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2007 | Housing,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Buildings threatened with collapse |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2006 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Buildings threatened with collapse |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 2000 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 1999 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 1998 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 1997 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 1995 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 1994 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique Mozambique | 1993 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2023 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2021 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2019 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2017 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2016 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2014 | Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2013 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2011 | Housing,
Human resources,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2010 | Housing,
Human resources,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: f) Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants; |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2009 | Housing,
Human resources,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants; |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2008 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2006 | Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: a) Hazardous condition of the buildingsb) Integrity of the propert |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal Senegal | 2005 | Flooding,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Buildings threatened with collapse |
No |
khami ruins national monumentKhami Ruins National Monument | zimbabwe Zimbabwe | 1996 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need for structural stabilization and repair of collapsed sections of walls |
No |
koutammakou, the land of the batammaribaKoutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba | benin,togo Benin Togo |
2023 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Emergence of new forms of construction; Destruction of several Sikien during the 2018 rainy season |
No |
koutammakou, the land of the batammaribaKoutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba | benin,togo Benin Togo |
2021 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Emergence of new forms of construction; Destruction of several Sikien during the 2018 rainy season |
No |
koutammakou, the land of the batammaribaKoutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba | benin,togo Benin Togo |
2019 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Emergence of new forms of construction |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2023 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2021 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2019 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2018 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2017 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2016 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2015 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2014 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2013 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2012 | Financial resources, Housing, Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, Oil and gas, Solid waste, Water infrastructure, | No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2011 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Industrial areas,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Oil and gas,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2010 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Industrial areas,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Oil and gas,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate sewerage, waste disposal, and overall infrastructure, and risk to limited fresh water supplies; Fire |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2009 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Industrial areas,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Oil and gas,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2008 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2007 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2006 | Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, | No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2005 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: a) Fire; b) Lack of law enforcement |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2004 | Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya Kenya | 2003 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Housing, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
le morne cultural landscapeLe Morne Cultural Landscape | mauritius Mauritius | 2018 | Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
le morne cultural landscapeLe Morne Cultural Landscape | mauritius Mauritius | 2016 | Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
le morne cultural landscapeLe Morne Cultural Landscape | mauritius Mauritius | 2015 | Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lower valley of the awashLower Valley of the Awash | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1996 | Human resources, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2023 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2018 | Crop production, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2017 | Crop production, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2016 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2014 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2013 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, | No |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1996 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, | No |
mapungubwe cultural landscapeMapungubwe Cultural Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2018 | Industrial areas, Management activities, Mining, | No |
mapungubwe cultural landscapeMapungubwe Cultural Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2016 | Industrial areas, Management activities, Mining, | No |
mapungubwe cultural landscapeMapungubwe Cultural Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2013 | Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
mapungubwe cultural landscapeMapungubwe Cultural Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2012 | Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
mapungubwe cultural landscapeMapungubwe Cultural Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2011 | Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
mapungubwe cultural landscapeMapungubwe Cultural Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2010 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
matobo hillsMatobo Hills | zimbabwe Zimbabwe | 2005 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2024 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2023 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2021 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2019 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2018 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2017 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2016 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2015 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2014 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2013 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2012 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2010 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: c) Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2008 | Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2007 | Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Housing dilapidation |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2006 | Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Housing dilapidation |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 2005 | Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Dilapidation of dwellings |
No |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali | 1998 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, | No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2024 | Fire (widlfires),
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers; Inappropriate restoration and reconstruction |
No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2023 | Fire (widlfires),
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers |
No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2021 | Fire (widlfires),
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers |
No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2019 | Fire (widlfires), Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, | No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2017 | Fire (widlfires), Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, | No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2015 | Fire (widlfires), Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, | No |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria Nigeria | 2014 | Fire (widlfires), Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, | No |
richtersveld cultural and botanical landscapeRichtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2009 | Mining, | No |
richtersveld cultural and botanical landscapeRichtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape | south africa South Africa | 2008 | Mining, | No |
robben islandRobben Island | south africa South Africa | 2009 | Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: d) Difficulties with operational aspects of maintenance and conservation implementation including lack of preventive maintenance funding and programminge) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritage |
No |
robben islandRobben Island | south africa South Africa | 2007 | Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritageb) Lack of integration of natural values in management of site |
No |
robben islandRobben Island | south africa South Africa | 2006 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritageb) Lack of integration of natural values in management of sit |
No |
robben islandRobben Island | south africa South Africa | 2005 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Difficulties with operational aspects of maintenance and conservation implementation ; b) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritage; c) Lack of integration of natural values in management of site |
No |
robben islandRobben Island | south africa South Africa | 2004 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: a) Natural values and cultural landscape qualities are not yet reflected in the islands management structure and conservation priorities; b) Fire |
No |
robben islandRobben Island | south africa South Africa | 2003 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Natural values and cultural landscape qualities are not yet reflected in the islands management structure and conservation priorities |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2023 | Earthquake,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Impact of the four temporary shelters constructed in 2008; Demolition of most of the traditional “tukul” dwellings |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2021 | Earthquake,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Impact of the four temporary shelters constructed in 2008; Demolition of most of the traditional “tukul” dwellings |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2019 | Earthquake,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Impact of the four temporary shelters constructed in 2008; Demolition of most of the traditional “tukul” dwellings |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2014 | Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2012 | Earthquake, Housing, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2010 | Earthquake,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: h) Geological and architectural characteristics of the churches. |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2009 | Earthquake,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Geological and architectural characteristics of the churches. |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2008 | Housing,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Geological and architectural characteristics of the churches |
No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2007 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2006 | Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 2000 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1998 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1997 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1996 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1995 |
Other Threats: Need for restoration and rehabilitation of the monuments |
No |
royal hill of ambohimangaRoyal Hill of Ambohimanga | madagascar Madagascar | 2003 | Management systems/ management plan, Storms, | No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2023 | Governance,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2021 | Governance,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2019 | Governance,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2017 | Governance,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2015 | Crop production,
Subsistence hunting,
Subsistence wild plant collection,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2014 | No | |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2013 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire; Major deterioration of almost 50% of the earthen structural components |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2012 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Fire; Major deterioration of almost 50% of the earthen structural components |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2010 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Other Threats: Major deterioration of almost 50% of the earthen structural components |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2008 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Other Threats: Major deterioration of almost 50% of the earthen structural components; |
No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2007 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Major deterioration of nearly two-thirds of the earthen brick structures |
Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2006 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Grave degradation of nearly two thirds of the mud brick buildings |
Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2005 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Serious degradation of nearly 2/3 of the mud-brick constructions |
Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2004 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Serious degradation of nearly 2/3 of the mud-brick constructions |
Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 2003 | Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 1998 | Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 1997 | Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 1995 | Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 1994 | Storms,
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of conservation |
Yes |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin Benin | 1985 | Storms, | No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2023 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2018 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2016 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2014 | Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2013 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Governance,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2012 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Governance,
Illegal activities,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2011 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Governance,
Illegal activities,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2010 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Governance,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2009 | Governance,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2008 | Governance,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2007 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Collapsing monumentsNo participation of community |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2006 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Collapsing monumentsb) No participation of communit |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2005 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: - Collapsing monuments- No participation of communit |
Yes |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2004 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Financial resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Collapsing monuments due to lack of maintenance |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 1996 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: General poor state of conservation |
No |
saloum deltaSaloum Delta | senegal Senegal | 2012 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2024 | Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2023 | Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2021 | Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2018 | Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2016 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2015 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Environmental pressures in relation with the Malindi port project; Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2014 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Environmental pressures in relation with the Malindi port project; Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2012 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: b) Environmental pressures in relation with the Malindi port projectc) Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2011 | Changes to oceanic waters, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2010 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2008 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Environmental pressures |
No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania | 2007 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Environmental pressure |
No |
sudanese style mosques in northern cote d’ivoireSudanese style mosques in northern Côte d’Ivoire | cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire | 2023 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Inappropriate interventions at Kouto, Kaouara, Sorobango and Samatiguila mosques |
No |
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape | nigeria Nigeria | 2023 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, | No |
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape | nigeria Nigeria | 2021 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, | No |
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape | nigeria Nigeria | 2018 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, | No |
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape | nigeria Nigeria | 2016 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, | No |
thimlich ohinga archaeological siteThimlich Ohinga Archaeological Site | kenya Kenya | 2023 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
thimlich ohinga archaeological siteThimlich Ohinga Archaeological Site | kenya Kenya | 2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2023 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2019 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2018 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2017 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2016 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2015 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2014 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2013 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2012 | Civil unrest,
Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
War,
Other Threats: Inappropriate design and scale of new Ahmed Baba Cultural Centre in the vicinity of the Sankoré Mosque; lack of detailed drawings supplied to the Committee |
No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2011 | Flooding,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: a) Inappropriate design and scale of new Ahmed Baba Cultural Centre in the vicinity of the Sankoré Mosque; lack of detailed drawings supplied to the Committee; |
No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2010 | Flooding,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: a) Inappropriate design and scale of new Ahmed Baba Cultural Centre in the vicinity of the Sankoré Mosque; lack of detailed drawings supplied to the Committee; |
No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2009 | Flooding,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate maintenance of the buildings. |
No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2008 | Flooding, Housing, Management activities, Solid waste, | No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2007 | Flooding, Housing, Management activities, Solid waste, | No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2006 | Flooding, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, | No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2005 | Flooding,
Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: No protective measures for the buffer zone of the property |
Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2004 | Flooding,
Other Threats: Collapse of houses |
Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 2003 | Housing,
Human resources,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Society's valuing of heritage,
Other Threats: Lack of capacities in conservation techniques |
Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 1997 | Desertification,
Financial resources,
Legal framework,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques |
Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 1995 | Desertification,
Financial resources,
Legal framework,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques |
Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 1994 | Desertification,
Financial resources,
Legal framework,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques |
Yes |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali | 1990 | Desertification,
Financial resources,
Legal framework,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Vulnerability of the mosques |
No |
tiyaTiya | ethiopia Ethiopia | 1996 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2023 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2019 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2018 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2017 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2016 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2015 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2014 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2013 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali | 2012 | Illegal activities, War, | No |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2023 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2019 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2018 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2017 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2016 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2015 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2014 | Management activities, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2013 | Management activities, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2012 | Management activities, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2011 | Management activities, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda Uganda | 2010 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.