Take advantage of the search to browse through the World Heritage Centre information.

i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
ix
x
State of Conservation Search

State of Conservation

255
Reports
255
Properties concerned
113
States Parties with SOC reports
bar_chart Statistics view_list List table_chart Table pin_drop Map
Excel File .xls All SOC (Zip file) .zip
Date Start: 2021close
Date end:2021close
Site State Party Year Threats* Danger List
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat mauritius Mauritius 2021 Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
abu menaAbu Mena egypt Egypt 2021 Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Encroachments within the property and inappropriate recent constructions; Lack of engagement with local communities and other stakeholders
Yes
air and tenere natural reservesAir and Ténéré Natural Reserves niger Niger 2021 Civil unrest, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Forestry /wood production, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Yes
aksumAksum ethiopia Ethiopia 2021 Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3
 No
ancient and primeval beech forests of the carpathians and other regions of europeAncient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe albania,austria,belgium,bosnia and herzegovina,bulgaria,croatia,czechia,france,germany,italy,north macedonia,poland,romania,slovakia,slovenia,spain,switzerland,ukraine Albania
Austria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Belgium
Bulgaria
Switzerland
Czechia
Germany
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
North Macedonia
Poland
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Ukraine		 2021 Commercial hunting, Forestry /wood production, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient building complex in the wudang mountainsAncient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains china China 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient city of aleppoAncient City of Aleppo syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, Yes
ancient city of bosraAncient City of Bosra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Housing, Illegal activities, War, Yes
ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, War,
Other Threats: fire
 Yes
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar bulgaria Bulgaria 2021 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
ancient maya city and protected tropical forests of calakmul, campecheAncient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche mexico Mexico 2021 Governance, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient thebes with its necropolisAncient Thebes with its Necropolis egypt Egypt 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Flooding, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Natural decay and structural problems Major infrastructure and development projects Uncontrolled urban development
 No
ancient villages of northern syriaAncient Villages of Northern Syria syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, Yes
angkorAngkor cambodia Cambodia 2021 Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: • Uncontrolled urban expansion; • Lack of clarity regarding property rights and building codes; • Poor law enforcement;
 No
aphrodisiasAphrodisias turkiye Türkiye 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
archaeological areas of pompei, herculaneum and torre annunziataArchaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata italy Italy 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: New buffer zone necessary
 No
archaeological site of carthageArchaeological Site of Carthage tunisia Tunisia 2021 Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
archaeological site of cyreneArchaeological Site of Cyrene libya Libya 2021 Crop production, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, War, Yes
archaeological site of leptis magnaArchaeological Site of Leptis Magna libya Libya 2021 Desertification, Illegal activities, War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stone masonry; Sand covering certain areas of the property; Graffiti and fires
 Yes
archaeological site of nalanda mahavihara at nalanda, biharArchaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar india India 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of appropriate documentation to establish the authenticity of the property
 No
archaeological site of panamá viejo and historic district of panamáArchaeological Site of Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá panama Panama 2021 Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Legal framework,
Other Threats: Severe deterioration of historic buildings ; Demolition of urban ensembles and buildings
No
archaeological site of sabrathaArchaeological Site of Sabratha libya Libya 2021 Housing, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Relative humidity, War,
Other Threats: Excessive vegetation growth; Impact of humidity and seawater salt on stone masonry
 Yes
area de conservacion guanacasteArea de Conservación Guanacaste costa rica Costa Rica 2021 Commercial hunting, Crop production, Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Renewable energy facilities, Subsistence hunting, Water (extraction) ,
Other Threats: Fires (intentional and accidental)
 No
ashur (qal'at sherqat)Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) iraq Iraq 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Flooding, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, War, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fragile mud brick structures
 Yes
asmara: a modernist african cityAsmara: A Modernist African City eritrea Eritrea 2021 Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, No
auschwitz birkenau german nazi concentration and extermination camp (1940-1945)Auschwitz Birkenau
German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945)		 poland Poland 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Slow process of consultation with local communities
 No
babylonBabylon iraq Iraq 2021 Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park mauritania Mauritania 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Oil and gas, Renewable energy facilities, No
baptism site “bethany beyond the jordan” (al-maghtas)Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) jordan Jordan 2021 Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Buildings and Development (lack of design and construction guidelines) Preservation of important vistas and sightlines of the property
 No
baroque churches of the philippinesBaroque Churches of the Philippines philippines Philippines 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, No
belize barrier reef reserve systemBelize Barrier Reef Reserve System belize Belize 2021 Invasive / alien marine species, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, No
białowieża forestBiałowieża Forest belarus,poland Belarus
Poland		 2021 Financial resources, Forestry /wood production, Human resources, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Alterations of the hydrological regime; Border fence impeding mammal movements
 No
birthplace of jesus: church of the nativity and the pilgrimage route, bethlehemBirthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem state of palestine State of Palestine 2021 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Degradation of the architectural complex of the Church of the Nativity
 No
borobudur temple compoundsBorobudur Temple Compounds indonesia Indonesia 2021 No
brasiliaBrasilia brazil Brazil 2021 Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue hungary Hungary 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage
 No
byblosByblos lebanon Lebanon 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
canaima national parkCanaima National Park venezuela (bolivarian republic of) Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 2021 Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Conflicts between the Pemons communities and the National Guard; Need to finalize the boundaries of the area
 No
cape floral region protected areasCape Floral Region Protected Areas south africa South Africa 2021 Financial resources, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, No
central sikhote-alinCentral Sikhote-Alin russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
cerrado protected areas: chapada dos veadeiros and emas national parksCerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks brazil Brazil 2021 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
chan chan archaeological zoneChan Chan Archaeological Zone peru Peru 2021 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continuous deterioration of earthen architecture structures and decorated surfaces from lack of conservation and maintenance practices
 Yes
chitwan national parkChitwan National Park nepal Nepal 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, No
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé chile Chile 2021 Commercial development, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries
 No
city of potosiCity of Potosí bolivia (plurinational state of) Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2021 Legal framework, Mining, Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Instability and risk of collapse of the Cerro Rico; Deficiencies in conservation; Environmental impacts on the hydraulic complex
Yes
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 2021 Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, No
cliff of bandiagara (land of the dogons)Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) mali Mali 2021 Civil unrest, Financial resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Intercommunity conflict between the Dogons and the Fulani
 No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection panama Panama 2021 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 2021 Earthquake, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, Storms, Underground transport infrastructure, No
comoe national parkComoé National Park cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire 2021 Fire (widlfires), Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Boundaries: reduction of the surface of the Park
 No
cornwall and west devon mining landscapeCornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2021 Commercial development, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Society's valuing of heritage, No
coro and its portCoro and its Port venezuela (bolivarian republic of) Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 2021 Flooding, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Serious deterioration of materials and structure
 Yes
crac des chevaliers and qal’at salah el-dinCrac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, Yes
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system
 No
cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the bamiyan valleyCultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley afghanistan Afghanistan 2021 Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of the Giant Buddha niches; Irreversible deterioration of the mural paintings
 Yes
cultural landscape of bali province: the subak system as a manifestation of the tri hita karana philosophyCultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy indonesia Indonesia 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Governance, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, No
diyarbakır fortress and hevsel gardens cultural landscapeDiyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape turkiye Türkiye 2021 Civil unrest, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
dja faunal reserveDja Faunal Reserve cameroon Cameroon 2021 Commercial hunting, Forestry /wood production, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Risk of loss of ecological connectivity
 No
djoudj national bird sanctuaryDjoudj National Bird Sanctuary senegal Senegal 2021 Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Human resources, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Subsistence hunting,
Other Threats: Soils salinity
 No
donana national parkDoñana National Park spain Spain 2021 Major linear utilities, Mining, Non-renewable energy facilities, Oil and gas, Water (extraction) , Water (rain/water table), Water infrastructure, No
dong phayayen-khao yai forest complexDong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex thailand Thailand 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Forest fragmentation / Need for ecological corridors
 No
durmitor national parkDurmitor National Park montenegro Montenegro 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
east rennellEast Rennell solomon islands Solomon Islands 2021 Changes to oceanic waters, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Forestry /wood production, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Storms, Yes
el pinacate and gran desierto de altar biosphere reserveEl Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve mexico Mexico 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: • Necessity to save the Sonoran Pronghorn from possible extinction • Environmental concerns in security efforts along the international border
 No
ennedi massif: natural and cultural landscapeEnnedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape chad Chad 2021 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
erbil citadelErbil Citadel iraq Iraq 2021 Legal framework,
Other Threats: Slopes of the archaeological mound non stabilized
 No
everglades national parkEverglades National Park united states of america United States of America 2021 Housing, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Storms, Surface water pollution, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Mercury contamination of fish and wildlife
 Yes
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore pakistan Pakistan 2021 Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, No
fortifications on the caribbean side of panama: portobelo-san lorenzoFortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo panama Panama 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of established boundaries and buffer zones
 Yes
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions ghana Ghana 2021 Changes to oceanic waters, Commercial development, Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Ground water pollution, Illegal activities, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Water (rain/water table), Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere
 No
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa south africa South Africa 2021 Ground water pollution, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Other climate change impacts, Surface water pollution, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage
 No
galápagos islandsGalápagos Islands ecuador Ecuador 2021 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Governance, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, No
garamba national parkGaramba National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 2021 Civil unrest, Illegal activities, War, Yes
gebel barkal and the sites of the napatan regionGebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region sudan Sudan 2021 Desertification, Flooding, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Wind, No
gelati monasteryGelati Monastery georgia Georgia 2021 Interpretative and visitation facilities, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: General need for interior and exterior conservation work on the monuments
 No
gobekli tepeGöbekli Tepe turkiye Türkiye 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, No
golden mountains of altaiGolden Mountains of Altai russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major linear utilities, No
gondwana rainforests of australiaGondwana Rainforests of Australia australia Australia 2021 Fire (widlfires), No
gough and inaccessible islandsGough and Inaccessible Islands united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2021 Invasive/alien terrestrial species, No
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 2021 Changes to oceanic waters, Ground water pollution, Marine transport infrastructure, Non-renewable energy facilities, Other climate change impacts, Storms, Surface water pollution, Temperature change,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships
 No
great burkhan khaldun mountain and its surrounding sacred landscapeGreat Burkhan Khaldun Mountain and its surrounding sacred landscape mongolia Mongolia 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
great himalayan national park conservation areaGreat Himalayan National Park Conservation Area india India 2021 Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Rights issues with respect to local communities and indigenous peoples in the Tirthan and Sainj Wildlife Sanctuaries (issue resolved)
 No
greater blue mountains areaGreater Blue Mountains Area australia Australia 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Mining, Water infrastructure, No
gros morne national parkGros Morne National Park canada Canada 2021 Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, No
gusuku sites and related properties of the kingdom of ryukyuGusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu japan Japan 2021
Other Threats: Fire
 No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, No
hatraHatra iraq Iraq 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Illegal activities, War,
Other Threats: Major looting of Iraqi archaeological sites 
 Yes
hebron/al-khalil old townHebron/Al-Khalil Old Town state of palestine State of Palestine 2021 Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Absence of Statement of Outstanding Universal Value at the time of inscription
 Yes
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan india India 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Housing, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Industrial areas, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions
 No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 2021 Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture
 No
historic cairoHistoric Cairo egypt Egypt 2021 Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Dilapidated infrastructure; Neglect and lack of maintenance
 No
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: degradation of traditional houses
 No
historic centre of limaHistoric Centre of Lima peru Peru 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic centre of macaoHistoric Centre of Macao china China 2021 Housing, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic centre of pragueHistoric Centre of Prague czechia Czechia 2021 Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic centre of shakhrisyabzHistoric Centre of Shakhrisyabz uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Demolition and re-building of traditional housing areas
 Yes
historic centre of sheki with the khan’s palaceHistoric Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace azerbaijan Azerbaijan 2021 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic centre of the city of salzburgHistoric Centre of the City of Salzburg austria Austria 2021 Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic centre of viennaHistoric Centre of Vienna austria Austria 2021 Housing, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Other Threats: Desirability of conservation of historic roof constructions within the property
 Yes
historic centres of berat and gjirokastraHistoric Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra albania Albania 2021 Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Illegal activities, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate fire fighting arrangements in the historic urban zone
 No
historic city of ahmadabadHistoric City of Ahmadabad india India 2021 Commercial development, Housing, Human resources, Low impact research / monitoring activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic ensemble of the potala palace, lhasaHistoric Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa china China 2021 Commercial development, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic inner city of paramariboHistoric Inner City of Paramaribo suriname Suriname 2021 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic jeddah, the gate to makkahHistoric Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah saudi arabia Saudi Arabia 2021 Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: High rate of decay of the historic houses
 No
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso chile Chile 2021 Commercial development, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 2021 Avalanche/ landslide, Flooding, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid yemen Yemen 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Yes
historical centre of the city of arequipaHistorical Centre of the City of Arequipa peru Peru 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
historical monuments at makli, thattaHistorical Monuments at Makli, Thatta pakistan Pakistan 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Earthquake, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Stability of the foundations (earth mechanics) of the Jam Nizamuddin tomb
 No
historical monuments of mtskhetaHistorical Monuments of Mtskheta georgia Georgia 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
humberstone and santa laura saltpeter worksHumberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works chile Chile 2021 Management systems/ management plan, Wind,
Other Threats: Extremely fragile nature of the industrial buildings; Lack of maintenance over the past 40 years.
 No
iguacu national parkIguaçu National Park brazil Brazil 2021 Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
iguazu national parkIguazu National Park argentina Argentina 2021 Governance, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
isimangaliso wetland parkiSimangaliso Wetland Park south africa South Africa 2021 Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Mining,
Other Threats: Conflicting land use
 No
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique mozambique Mozambique 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings
 No
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis senegal Senegal 2021 Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants
 No
islands and protected areas of the gulf of californiaIslands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California mexico Mexico 2021 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Illegal activities,
Other Threats: Serious concerns over the conservation status of two species, vaquita (porpoise species) and totoaba (marine fish)
 Yes
itchan kalaItchan Kala uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2021 Management activities, No
kahuzi-biega national parkKahuzi-Biega National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 2021 Civil unrest, Commercial hunting, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Mining, War,
Other Threats: Villages in the ecological corridor between the highland and lowland sectors of the park
 Yes
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers algeria Algeria 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Earthquake, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, No
kenya lake system in the great rift valleyKenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley kenya Kenya 2021 Governance, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
keoladeo national parkKeoladeo National Park india India 2021 Invasive / alien freshwater species, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Solid waste, Water (extraction) , Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Disappearance of Siberian cranes
 No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration
 No
komodo national parkKomodo National Park indonesia Indonesia 2021 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, No
koutammakou, the land of the batammaribaKoutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba benin,togo Benin
Togo		 2021 Financial resources, Forestry /wood production, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Emergence of new forms of construction; Destruction of several Sikien during the 2018 rainy season
 No
krzemionki prehistoric striped flint mining regionKrzemionki Prehistoric Striped Flint Mining Region poland Poland 2021 Management systems/ management plan, Mining, No
ksar of ait-ben-haddouKsar of Ait-Ben-Haddou morocco Morocco 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, No
kyiv: saint-sophia cathedral and related monastic buildings, kyiv-pechersk lavraKyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra ukraine Ukraine 2021 Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
lake baikalLake Baikal russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Fire (widlfires), Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Surface water pollution, Water infrastructure, No
lake malawi national parkLake Malawi National Park malawi Malawi 2021 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, Surface water pollution, No
lake turkana national parksLake Turkana National Parks kenya Kenya 2021 Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, Water infrastructure, Yes
lamu old townLamu Old Town kenya Kenya 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, Non-renewable energy facilities, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
 No
landscape for breeding and training of ceremonial carriage horses at kladruby nad labemLandscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses at Kladruby nad Labem czechia Czechia 2021 Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Non-renewable energy facilities, No
landscapes of dauriaLandscapes of Dauria mongolia,russian federation Mongolia
Russian Federation		 2021 Financial resources, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, No
liverpool – maritime mercantile cityLiverpool – Maritime Mercantile City united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2021 Commercial development, Governance, High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, Yes
lorentz national parkLorentz National Park indonesia Indonesia 2021 Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Other climate change impacts, No
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo ethiopia Ethiopia 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, No
lumbini, the birthplace of the lord buddhaLumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha nepal Nepal 2021 Air pollution, Commercial development, Housing, Industrial areas, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, No
maloti-drakensberg parkMaloti-Drakensberg Park lesotho,south africa Lesotho
South Africa		 2021 Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas,
Other Threats: Buffer zones not yet formalized
 No
mana pools national park, sapi and chewore safari areasMana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas zimbabwe Zimbabwe 2021 Illegal activities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, No
manas wildlife sanctuaryManas Wildlife Sanctuary india India 2021 Crop production, Financial resources, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Military training, Water infrastructure, No
manovo-gounda st floris national parkManovo-Gounda St Floris National Park central african republic Central African Republic 2021 Civil unrest, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Yes
mausoleum of khoja ahmed yasawiMausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi kazakhstan Kazakhstan 2021 Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
medieval monuments in kosovoMedieval Monuments in Kosovo serbia Serbia 2021 Civil unrest, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property
 Yes
medina of sousseMedina of Sousse tunisia Tunisia 2021 No
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2021 Housing, Underground transport infrastructure, No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 2021 Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Urban encroachment
 No
minaret and archaeological remains of jamMinaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam afghanistan Afghanistan 2021 Civil unrest, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret
 Yes
monarch butterfly biosphere reserveMonarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve mexico Mexico 2021 Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Mining,
Other Threats: Decline in the overwintering population of Monarch butterflies in the property
No
mosi-oa-tunya / victoria fallsMosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls zambia,zimbabwe Zambia
Zimbabwe		 2021 Air pollution, Drought, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Surface water pollution, Water (extraction) , Water infrastructure, No
mount nimba strict nature reserveMount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve cote d'ivoire,guinea Côte d'Ivoire
Guinea		 2021 Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Yes
mountain railways of indiaMountain Railways of India india India 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
nan madol: ceremonial centre of eastern micronesiaNan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia micronesia (federated states of) Micronesia (Federated States of) 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Yes
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers haiti Haiti 2021 Earthquake, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
natural and cultural heritage of the ohrid regionNatural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region albania,north macedonia Albania
North Macedonia		 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor montenegro Montenegro 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, No
ngorongoro conservation areaNgorongoro Conservation Area united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2021 Crop production, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Challenging situation of community livelihoods; Condition and conservation of the Laetoli hominid footprints
 No
niokolo-koba national parkNiokolo-Koba National Park senegal Senegal 2021 Drought, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Translocated species, Water infrastructure, Yes
okapi wildlife reserveOkapi Wildlife Reserve democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Mining, Yes
okavango deltaOkavango Delta botswana Botswana 2021 Governance, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Management systems/ management plan, Mining,
Other Threats: Animal sanitation and diseases; Transboundary management of water resources
 No
old city of dubrovnikOld City of Dubrovnik croatia Croatia 2021 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Governance, High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments; Urban environment and visual integrity; Impact of archaeological excavations
 Yes
old city of sana'aOld City of Sana'a yemen Yemen 2021 Civil unrest, Desertification, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Land conversion, Management activities, War,
Other Threats: Functional decay of the residential neighborhoods; Physical damage and instability of buildings; Problems with the network for the evacuation of rainwater
 Yes
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications sri lanka Sri Lanka 2021 Commercial development, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
old town of ghadamesOld Town of Ghadamès libya Libya 2021 War, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Fires
 Yes
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné mali Mali 2021 Civil unrest, Housing, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings
 Yes
old walled city of shibamOld Walled City of Shibam yemen Yemen 2021 Civil unrest, Financial resources, Flooding, Human resources, War, Water (rain/water table), Yes
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove nigeria Nigeria 2021 Fire (widlfires), Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers
 No
ouadi qadisha (the holy valley) and the forest of the cedars of god (horsh arz el-rab)Ouadi Qadisha (the Holy Valley) and the Forest of the Cedars of God (Horsh Arz el-Rab) lebanon Lebanon 2021 Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Degradation of the mural paintings and buildings
 No
palace of westminster and westminster abbey including saint margaret’s churchPalace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2021 Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
palestine: land of olives and vines – cultural landscape of southern jerusalem, battirPalestine: Land of Olives and Vines – Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir state of palestine State of Palestine 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: Potential construction of a separation fence (wall)
 Yes
pampulha modern ensemblePampulha Modern Ensemble brazil Brazil 2021 Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
pantanal conservation areaPantanal Conservation Area brazil Brazil 2021 Fire (widlfires), No
paris, banks of the seineParis, Banks of the Seine france France 2021
Other Threats: Fire
 No
petraPetra jordan Jordan 2021 Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, No
phong nha-ke bang national parkPhong Nha-Ke Bang National Park viet nam Viet Nam 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, No
pirin national parkPirin National Park bulgaria Bulgaria 2021 Commercial development, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
pitons management areaPitons Management Area saint lucia Saint Lucia 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Renewable energy facilities, No
plitvice lakes national parkPlitvice Lakes National Park croatia Croatia 2021 Air pollution, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, Water (extraction) , No
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena colombia Colombia 2021 Commercial development, Governance, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís costa rica Costa Rica 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Financial resources, Governance, Housing, Human resources, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun bahrain Bahrain 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, No
qhapaq nan, andean road systemQhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System argentina,bolivia (plurinational state of),chile,colombia,ecuador,peru Argentina
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru		 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
quebrada de humahuacaQuebrada de Humahuaca argentina Argentina 2021 Crop production, Flooding, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
rabat, modern capital and historic city: a shared heritageRabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage morocco Morocco 2021 Housing,
Other Threats: Major urban projects
 No
rainforests of the atsinananaRainforests of the Atsinanana madagascar Madagascar 2021 Fire (widlfires), Governance, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Mining, Society's valuing of heritage, Subsistence hunting, Yes
rangiri dambulla cave templeRangiri Dambulla Cave Temple sri lanka Sri Lanka 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Pests, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continued deterioration of the paintings; General deterioration of the Golden Temple
 No
rice terraces of the philippine cordillerasRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras philippines Philippines 2021 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Financial resources, Human resources, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Society's valuing of heritage, No
rio plátano biosphere reserveRío Plátano Biosphere Reserve honduras Honduras 2021 Financial resources, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Overlap with important archaeological sites implying a need to harmonize management of cultural and natural heritage
 Yes
rock art in the hail region of saudi arabiaRock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia saudi arabia Saudi Arabia 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
rock-art sites of tadrart acacusRock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus libya Libya 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Human resources, Illegal activities, War, Yes
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela ethiopia Ethiopia 2021 Earthquake, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Impact of the four temporary shelters constructed in 2008; Demolition of most of the traditional “tukul” dwellings
 No
royal building of mafra – palace, basilica, convent, cerco garden and hunting park (tapada)Royal Building of Mafra – Palace, Basilica, Convent, Cerco Garden and Hunting Park (Tapada) portugal Portugal 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey benin Benin 2021 Governance, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site
 No
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric
 No
rwenzori mountains national parkRwenzori Mountains National Park uganda Uganda 2021 Fire (widlfires), Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Other climate change impacts, No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 2021 Air pollution, Forestry /wood production, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Input of excess energy, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Mining, Other climate change impacts, Quarrying, Solid waste, Subsistence wild plant collection,
Other Threats: Human-wildlife conflict
 No
salonga national parkSalonga National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 2021 Civil unrest, Illegal activities, Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Management systems/ management plan, Oil and gas, War, Yes
samarkand – crossroad of culturesSamarkand – Crossroad of Cultures uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Conservation of urban fabric
 No
samarra archaeological citySamarra Archaeological City iraq Iraq 2021 Management systems/ management plan, War,
Other Threats: Weathering and lack of maintenance affecting the fragile structures
 Yes
sanctuary of bom jesus do monte in bragaSanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga portugal Portugal 2021 Legal framework, Low impact research / monitoring activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to remove the terrace bar
 No
sanganeb marine national park and dungonab bay – mukkawar island marine national parkSanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay – Mukkawar Island Marine National Park sudan Sudan 2021 Financial resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to establish a code of conduct including formal rules and regulations for all dive operators
 No
sangha trinationalSangha Trinational cameroon,central african republic,congo Central African Republic
Congo
Cameroon		 2021 Civil unrest, Forestry /wood production, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Major linear utilities, Mining, No
sassanid archaeological landscape of fars regionSassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2021 Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Several serial components at risk of collapse or in a condition of serious deterioration
 No
selous game reserveSelous Game Reserve united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2021 Financial resources, Forestry /wood production, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Oil and gas, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Significant decline of wildlife populations due to poaching ; Need for increased involvement of local communities
 Yes
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Drought, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Major linear utilities, Water (extraction) , Water infrastructure, No
shiretokoShiretoko japan Japan 2021 Aquaculture, Hyper-abundant species, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Water infrastructure, No
silk roads: the routes network of chang'an-tianshan corridorSilk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor china,kazakhstan,kyrgyzstan China
Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan		 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Comparative fragility of many sites
 No
simien national parkSimien National Park ethiopia Ethiopia 2021 Crop production, Financial resources, Governance, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts,
Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species; Human wildlife conflicts;
No
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Illegal activities, Localised utilities, Major linear utilities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, War,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
 Yes
sites of japan’s meiji industrial revolution: iron and steel, shipbuilding and coal miningSites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining japan Japan 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
socotra archipelagoSocotra Archipelago yemen Yemen 2021 Civil unrest, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Invasive / alien marine species, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Storms, No
south china karstSouth China Karst china China 2021 Governance, Management systems/ management plan, No
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar united republic of tanzania United Republic of Tanzania 2021 Commercial development, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness
 No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, No
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape nigeria Nigeria 2021 Civil unrest, Illegal activities, No
susaSusa iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2021 Commercial development, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Water (rain/water table), No
tai national parkTaï National Park cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire 2021 Illegal activities, Mining, No
talamanca range-la amistad reserves / la amistad national parkTalamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park costa rica,panama Costa Rica
Panama		 2021 Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of a long-term biological monitoring program
 No
tarnowskie gory lead-silver-zinc mine and its underground water management systemTarnowskie Góry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System poland Poland 2021 Legal framework, Water (rain/water table), No
tasmanian wildernessTasmanian Wilderness australia Australia 2021 Forestry /wood production, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Mining,
Other Threats: Biosecurity
 No
temple zone of sambor prei kuk, archaeological site of ancient ishanapuraTemple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura cambodia Cambodia 2021 Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of some temples
 No
the ahwar of southern iraq: refuge of biodiversity and the relict landscape of the mesopotamian citiesThe Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities iraq Iraq 2021 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Highly unstable conservation conditions of the archaeological sites
 No
the architectural work of le corbusier, an outstanding contribution to the modern movementThe Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement argentina,belgium,france,germany,india,japan,switzerland Argentina
Belgium
Switzerland
Germany
France
India
Japan		 2021 Governance, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
the great wallThe Great Wall china China 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Underground transport infrastructure, No
the persian qanatThe Persian Qanat iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2021 Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
the sundarbansThe Sundarbans bangladesh Bangladesh 2021 Changes to oceanic waters, Forestry /wood production, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Non-renewable energy facilities, Pollution of marine waters, Storms, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need for an assessment of cumulative impacts on the property via a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)
 No
thimlich ohinga archaeological siteThimlich Ohinga Archaeological Site kenya Kenya 2021 Management systems/ management plan, No
three parallel rivers of yunnan protected areasThree Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas china China 2021 Commercial hunting, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Apparent decline in wildlife populations
 No
timbuktuTimbuktu mali Mali 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, Yes
tipasaTipasa algeria Algeria 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Human resources, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains
 No
tiwanaku: spiritual and political centre of the tiwanaku cultureTiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture bolivia (plurinational state of) Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2021 Governance, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia mali Mali 2021 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, Yes
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi uganda Uganda 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire
 Yes
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2021 Air transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
trang an landscape complexTrang An Landscape Complex viet nam Viet Nam 2021 Commercial development, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, No
tropical rainforest heritage of sumatraTropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra indonesia Indonesia 2021 Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Renewable energy facilities, Yes
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 2021 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), No
um er-rasas (kastrom mefa'a)Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) jordan Jordan 2021 Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unstable structures and lack of security
 No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley germany Germany 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Input of excess energy, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, Renewable energy facilities, No
vat phou and associated ancient settlements within the champasak cultural landscapeVat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements within the Champasak Cultural Landscape lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, No
venetian works of defence between the 16th and 17th centuries: stato da terra – western stato da marVenetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar croatia,italy,montenegro Croatia
Italy
Montenegro		 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, No
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon italy Italy 2021 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Governance, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, Other climate change impacts, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Climate change and severe weather events / Climate Change impacts on the lagoon ecology and built fabric
 No
virgin komi forestsVirgin Komi Forests russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, No
virunga national parkVirunga National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 2021 Civil unrest, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Oil and gas, War, Yes
volcanoes of kamchatkaVolcanoes of Kamchatka russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Fire (widlfires), Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Renewable energy facilities,
Other Threats: Decline in populations of wild reindeer and snow sheep
 No
w-arly-pendjari complexW-Arly-Pendjari Complex benin,burkina faso,niger Burkina Faso
Benin
Niger		 2021 Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Terrorism, No
wadi rum protected areaWadi Rum Protected Area jordan Jordan 2021 Financial resources, Governance, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, No
western caucasusWestern Caucasus russian federation Russian Federation 2021 Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
western tien-shanWestern Tien-Shan kazakhstan,kyrgyzstan,uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan
Uzbekistan		 2021 Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, No
wood buffalo national parkWood Buffalo National Park canada Canada 2021 Air pollution, Governance, Ground water pollution, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Oil and gas, Other climate change impacts, Renewable energy facilities, Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Lack of engagement with First Nations and Metis in monitoring activities and insufficient consideration of traditional ecological knowledge; Insufficiently understood cumulative impacts of multiple development pressures
 No
wulingyuan scenic and historic interest areaWulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area china China 2021 Air pollution, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Surface water pollution, No
zuojiang huashan rock art cultural landscapeZuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape china China 2021 Forestry /wood production, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, No

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.


top