State of Conservation
| Site | State Party | Year | Threats* | Danger List |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abu menaAbu Mena | egypt Egypt |
2024 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Lack of engagement with local communities and other stakeholders |
Yes |
| air and tenere natural reservesAir and Ténéré Natural Reserves | niger Niger |
2024 | Civil unrest, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Financial resources, Forestry /wood production, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Mining, | Yes |
| ancient city of aleppoAncient City of Aleppo | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2024 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Earthquake, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| ancient city of bosraAncient City of Bosra | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2024 | Housing, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
| ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2024 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Society's valuing of heritage,
War,
Other Threats: fire |
Yes |
| ancient maya city and protected tropical forests of calakmul, campecheAncient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche | mexico Mexico |
2024 | Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| ancient villages of northern syriaAncient Villages of Northern Syria | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Earthquake, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Military training, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
| angkorAngkor | cambodia Cambodia |
2024 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| archaeological areas of pompei, herculaneum and torre annunziataArchaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata | italy Italy |
2024 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| archaeological site of cyreneArchaeological Site of Cyrene | libya Libya |
2024 | Crop production, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, War, | Yes |
| archaeological site of leptis magnaArchaeological Site of Leptis Magna | libya Libya |
2024 | Desertification,
Illegal activities,
Localised utilities,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stone masonry; Sand covering certain areas of the property; Graffiti and fires; Alarming state of conservation of the Hunting Baths; Tidal flooding and continuous sea encroachment on the circus area |
Yes |
| archaeological site of sabrathaArchaeological Site of Sabratha | libya Libya |
2024 | Housing,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: Excessive vegetation growth; Impact of humidity and seawater salt on stone masonry |
Yes |
| archaeological sites of the island of meroeArchaeological Sites of the Island of Meroe | sudan Sudan |
2024 | Desertification, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
| arslantepe moundArslantepe Mound | turkiye Türkiye |
2024 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Design of the proposed new roof shelter |
No |
| ashur (qal'at sherqat)Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) | iraq Iraq |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fragile mud brick structures |
Yes |
| budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue | hungary Hungary |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage; Inappropriate use of public areas and street amenities |
No |
| butrintButrint | albania Albania |
2024 | Housing, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| centennial hall in wrocławCentennial Hall in Wrocław | poland Poland |
2024 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Management activities,
Other Threats: Lack of overall development plan for the property and its buffer zone |
No |
| chan chan archaeological zoneChan Chan Archaeological Zone | peru Peru |
2024 | Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continuous deterioration of earthen architecture structures and decorated surfaces from lack of conservation and maintenance practices |
Yes |
| churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé | chile Chile |
2024 | Commercial development,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries |
No |
| city of potosiCity of Potosí | bolivia (plurinational state of) Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |
2024 | Legal framework,
Mining,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Instability and risk of collapse of the Cerro Rico; Deficiencies in conservation; Environmental impacts on the hydraulic complex |
Yes |
| coro and its portCoro and its Port | venezuela (bolivarian republic of) Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) |
2024 | Flooding,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Serious deterioration of materials and structure |
Yes |
| crac des chevaliers and qal’at salah el-dinCrac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2024 | Earthquake, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
| cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the bamiyan valleyCultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley | afghanistan Afghanistan |
2024 | Commercial development,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of the Giant Buddha niches; Irreversible deterioration of the mural paintings |
Yes |
| djoudj national bird sanctuaryDjoudj National Bird Sanctuary | senegal Senegal |
2024 | Financial resources,
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Human resources,
Invasive / alien freshwater species,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Subsistence hunting,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Soils salinity |
No |
| east rennellEast Rennell | solomon islands Solomon Islands |
2024 | Changes to oceanic waters, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Forestry /wood production, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Storms, | Yes |
| el pinacate and gran desierto de altar biosphere reserveEl Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve | mexico Mexico |
2024 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: • Necessity to save the Sonoran Pronghorn from possible extinction • Environmental concerns in security efforts along the international border |
No |
| ennedi massif: natural and cultural landscapeEnnedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape | chad Chad |
2024 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| everglades national parkEverglades National Park | united states of america United States of America |
2024 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Invasive / alien freshwater species,
Other climate change impacts,
Storms,
Surface water pollution,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Mercury contamination of fish and wildlife |
Yes |
| ferto / neusiedlersee cultural landscapeFertö / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape | austria,hungary Austria Hungary |
2024 | Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Other climate change impacts, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
| fortifications on the caribbean side of panama: portobelo-san lorenzoFortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo | panama Panama |
2024 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of established boundaries and buffer zones |
Yes |
| forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana Ghana |
2024 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Ground water pollution,
Illegal activities,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
| frontiers of the roman empire – the danube limes (western segment)Frontiers of the Roman Empire – The Danube Limes (Western Segment) | austria,germany,slovakia Austria Germany Slovakia |
2024 | Flooding, Governance, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
| gebel barkal and the sites of the napatan regionGebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region | sudan Sudan |
2024 | Civil unrest, Desertification, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Wind, | No |
| great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef | australia Australia |
2024 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Ground water pollution,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Other climate change impacts,
Storms,
Surface water pollution,
Temperature change,
Other Threats: Grounding of ships |
No |
| great himalayan national park conservation areaGreat Himalayan National Park Conservation Area | india India |
2024 | Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| gusuku sites and related properties of the kingdom of ryukyuGusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu | japan Japan |
2024 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
| ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago | viet nam Viet Nam |
2024 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Industrial areas, Management systems/ management plan, Pollution of marine waters, Surface water pollution, | No |
| hatraHatra | iraq Iraq |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Major looting of Iraqi archaeological sites |
Yes |
| historic cairoHistoric Cairo | egypt Egypt |
2024 | Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Dilapidated infrastructure; Neglect and lack of maintenance |
No |
| historic centre of shakhrisyabzHistoric Centre of Shakhrisyabz | uzbekistan Uzbekistan |
2024 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Demolition and re-building of traditional housing areas |
Yes |
| historic centres of berat and gjirokastraHistoric Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra | albania Albania |
2024 | Governance,
Ground transport infrastructure,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate fire fighting arrangements in the historic urban zone |
No |
| historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid | yemen Yemen |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Other Threats: Serious degradation of the city’s heritage (many houses and the ancient souq are in an alarming state of deterioration) |
Yes |
| historical monuments at makli, thattaHistorical Monuments at Makli, Thatta | pakistan Pakistan |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Earthquake,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Flooding,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Stability of the foundations (earth mechanics) of the Jam Nizamuddin tomb |
No |
| islands and protected areas of the gulf of californiaIslands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California | mexico Mexico |
2024 | Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Illegal activities,
Other Threats: Serious concerns over the conservation status of two species, vaquita (porpoise species) and totoaba (marine fish) |
Yes |
| itchan kalaItchan Kala | uzbekistan Uzbekistan |
2024 | Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Other Threats: Termite attacks on wooden beams, and salinity in walls impacting on ceramic tiles |
No |
| ivindo national parkIvindo National Park | gabon Gabon |
2024 | Forestry /wood production, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| kakatiya rudreshwara (ramappa) temple, telanganaKakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana | india India |
2024 | Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley | nepal Nepal |
2024 | Air transport infrastructure, Earthquake, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, Water infrastructure, | No |
| ksar of ait-ben-haddouKsar of Ait-Ben-Haddou | morocco Morocco |
2024 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
| kyiv: saint-sophia cathedral and related monastic buildings, kyiv-pechersk lavraKyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra | ukraine Ukraine |
2024 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| l'viv – the ensemble of the historic centreL'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre | ukraine Ukraine |
2024 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, War, | Yes |
| landmarks of the ancient kingdom of saba, maribLandmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba, Marib | yemen Yemen |
2024 | Desertification, Flooding, Housing, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
| lorentz national parkLorentz National Park | indonesia Indonesia |
2024 | Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Other climate change impacts, | No |
| lumbini, the birthplace of the lord buddhaLumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha | nepal Nepal |
2024 | Air pollution, Commercial development, Housing, Industrial areas, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, | No |
| manas wildlife sanctuaryManas Wildlife Sanctuary | india India |
2024 | Crop production, Financial resources, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Land conversion, Water infrastructure, | No |
| manovo-gounda st floris national parkManovo-Gounda St Floris National Park | central african republic Central African Republic |
2024 | Civil unrest, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Oil and gas, | Yes |
| medieval monuments in kosovoMedieval Monuments in Kosovo | serbia Serbia |
2024 | Civil unrest,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property |
Yes |
| medina of marrakeshMedina of Marrakesh | morocco Morocco |
2024 | Earthquake, | No |
| minaret and archaeological remains of jamMinaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam | afghanistan Afghanistan |
2024 | Civil unrest,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret |
Yes |
| nan madol: ceremonial centre of eastern micronesiaNan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia | micronesia (federated states of) Micronesia (Federated States of) |
2024 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
| natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor | montenegro Montenegro |
2024 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
| notre-dame cathedral in tournaiNotre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai | belgium Belgium |
2024 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| okapi wildlife reserveOkapi Wildlife Reserve | democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo |
2024 | Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Mining, | Yes |
| old city of sana'aOld City of Sana'a | yemen Yemen |
2024 | Civil unrest,
Commercial development,
Desertification,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
War,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Functional decay of the residential neighborhoods; Physical damage and instability of buildings; Problems with the network for the evacuation of rainwater |
Yes |
| old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications | sri lanka Sri Lanka |
2024 | Commercial development, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
| old town of ghadamesOld Town of Ghadamès | libya Libya |
2024 | Financial resources, Fire (widlfires), Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, War, Water (rain/water table), | Yes |
| old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali Mali |
2024 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
| old walled city of shibamOld Walled City of Shibam | yemen Yemen |
2024 | Civil unrest,
Financial resources,
Human resources,
War,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Damage to historic buildings |
Yes |
| paris, banks of the seineParis, Banks of the Seine | france France |
2024 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
| phoenix islands protected areaPhoenix Islands Protected Area | kiribati Kiribati |
2024 | Fishing/collecting aquatic resources,
Other Threats: Degradation of seamounts |
No |
| rachid karami international fair-tripoliRachid Karami International Fair-Tripoli | lebanon Lebanon |
2024 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: - state of critical conservation conditions and need for emergency stabilisation measures - vulnerability to potential inappropriate developments |
Yes |
| rainforests of the atsinananaRainforests of the Atsinanana | madagascar Madagascar |
2024 | Fire (widlfires), Governance, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Mining, Society's valuing of heritage, Subsistence hunting, | Yes |
| rio plátano biosphere reserveRío Plátano Biosphere Reserve | honduras Honduras |
2024 | Financial resources,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Overlap with important archaeological sites implying a need to harmonize management of cultural and natural heritage |
Yes |
| rock-art sites of tadrart acacusRock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus | libya Libya |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| roșia montană mining landscapeRoșia Montană Mining Landscape | romania Romania |
2024 | Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | Yes |
| royal tombs of the joseon dynastyRoyal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty | republic of korea Republic of Korea |
2024 | Commercial development, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| samarra archaeological citySamarra Archaeological City | iraq Iraq |
2024 | Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Other Threats: Weathering and lack of maintenance affecting the fragile structures Encroachment, urban sprawl and bulldozing activities |
Yes |
| site of palmyraSite of Palmyra | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Localised utilities,
Major linear utilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks |
Yes |
| sitio roberto burle marxSítio Roberto Burle Marx | brazil Brazil |
2024 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| socotra archipelagoSocotra Archipelago | yemen Yemen |
2024 | Civil unrest, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Invasive / alien marine species, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Pollution of marine waters, Solid waste, Storms, | No |
| stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
2024 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
| the historic centre of odesaThe Historic Centre of Odesa | ukraine Ukraine |
2024 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| timbuktuTimbuktu | mali Mali |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| tipasaTipasa | algeria Algeria |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains |
No |
| tokaj wine region historic cultural landscapeTokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape | hungary Hungary |
2024 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Need to delineate a precise buffer zone |
No |
| tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali Mali |
2024 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang | lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic |
2024 | Air transport infrastructure,
Governance,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Condition of historic buildings requiring physical conservation works; Need for urban design guidelines |
No |
| virunga national parkVirunga National Park | democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo |
2024 | Civil unrest, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Oil and gas, War, | Yes |
| w-arly-pendjari complexW-Arly-Pendjari Complex | benin,burkina faso,niger Burkina Faso Benin Niger |
2024 | Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Terrorism, | No |
| western caucasusWestern Caucasus | russian federation Russian Federation |
2024 | Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
