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1.
Nigeria,
Urban development close to the property
Road construction around the property
Pollution of the Osun River
Bush fires within the property
Adverse impact of the commercialisation of the annual festival
Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers and the lack of a tourism management plan
Road through ...
2.
Lao People's Democratic Republic,
New infrastructure construction including new proposed road
Lack of coordinated management mechanism
Parking lot and visitor centre
Lack of sufficient professional staff
,The State Party submitted a state of conservation report on 24 January 2014 which notes progress on the following:
Route 14A: The road network plan has been reviewed and ...
3.
United Republic of Tanzania,Shortcomings in the management,Support for equipment provided by the World Heritage Fund has arrived and put to immediate use.
IUCN has also secured funds and is working with the Authority and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism to do a land use evaluation and policy study of the area.
IUCN has also helped arrange a technical ...
4.
Colombia,
Conflicts between armed groups
Decentralization process of the management of the property
,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – page 96 of Annex IV.
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV. 29
New information: IUCN notes that the Ministry of the Environment is in the process of preparing a Management Plan for the ...
5.
Brazil,
Administration of the falls (Argentina);
Sound pollution (helicopters);
Illegal reopening of the Colon road
,On 16 July 2000, a Brazilian pipeline importing oil from Colombia burst spilling four million litres (1.06 million gallons) of crude oil into the Barigüí River, a tributary of the Iguacú River, causing Brazil’s biggest oil spill in 25 years. The leak ...
6.
Côte d'Ivoire,
Severe impact caused by heavy wildlife poaching and organized hunting,
Human encroachment particularly by local agricultural communities,
Influx of refugees from the neighbouring countries of Sierra Leone and Liberia
,WHC:
At its twenty-sixth session (Budapest, 2002), the World Heritage Committee requested the State Party: "to provide a detailed report of ...
7.
United States of America,
Agricultural, industrial and urban developments altering the natural systems;
Pollution of the water (nutrients and mercury);
Hurricane in August 1992
,The site was inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 1993 due to an increasing number of threats since the date of its inscription on the List in 1979. The Government is ...
8.
Costa Rica,Panama,a) Construction of hydroelectric dams near the property in Panama and associated effects (greater human presence near the property, interruption of aquatic species migratory corridor);
b) Encroachment (settlements, cattle ranching).,The World Heritage Centre received the report from the State Party of Costa Rica on 27 February 2009. The State Party ...
9.
Pakistan,Urban pressure; Lack of capacity in conservation techniques; Lack of management mechanism (including legislation); Lack of monitoring system; Lack of human and financial resources; Transfer of custody.,The amount of US$ 50,000, approved by the Chairperson of the World Heritage Committee in June 2004 as Emergency Assistance for the property, was decentralized to ...
10.
Ethiopia,Lack of conservation and Management Plans;uncontrolled constructions;lack of documentation and equipment;lack of interpretation and presentation;lack of the demarcation of the site.,At the invitation of the Ethiopian authorities through letters dated 15 February and 3 March 2005, and by the Italian authorities through a letter dated 5 April 2005 and by a ...
11.
Uganda,Depletion of the population of mountain gorillas,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau –Chapter IV. 41
New information: At its twenty-third session, the Bureau recommended that the State Party submit to the Centre, before 15 September 1999, a report on measures taken to enhance security conditions in this site and to ensure the ...
12.
Philippines,a) Excess exploitation of marine resources;
b) Illegal and destructive fishing.,The State of Conservation report submitted by the State Party (23 March 2006) provides a detailed account of the progress made by the Tubbataha Protected Area Management Board (TPAMB) since the last report in 2004.
In respond to problems associated to illegal fishing in the property ...
13.
Ethiopia,Agricultural Pressure; Logging; Poaching/Hunting; Lack of capacity in conservation techniques; Lack of management mechanism (including legislation); Lack of monitoring system; Lack of human or financial resources; Lack of institution coordination,At the time of the preparation of the document, the State Party had not submitted the report requested by the Committee ...
14.
Indonesia,
Earthquake (issue resolved)
Volcanic eruption (issue resolved)
,In response to the decisions made by the 35th session of the World Heritage Committee (35 COM 7B.69) the State Party provided a report outlining the implementation of the action plans and recovery efforts following the eruption of Mount Merapi in 2010. In the framework of the Safeguarding of ...
15.
Viet Nam,
Rapid economic development, particularly in the tourism, transportation - including marine transport - sectors
Donor co-ordination
Monitoring and setting environmental standards befitting an internationally significant marine protected area
,As requested by the twenty-fourth extraordinary session of the Bureau in November 2000, the Ha Long Bay Management ...
16.
Ethiopia,
Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;
Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park;
Agricultural encroachment;
Road construction.
,On 13 February 2014, the State Party submitted a detailed state of conservation report, which is available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/9/documents/. A number of ...
17.
Egypt,
Growing number of visitors (issue resolved)
Uncontrolled development of the nearby village (issue resolved)
Deterioration of the monuments (issue resolved)
Tunnel construction project
Urban encroachment
Infrastructure and tourism developments
Development and Urban Infrastructure projects (including Ring Road project)
,A joint World Heritage Centre/ICOMOS Technical ...
18.
Central African Republic,
Insecurity,
poaching,
transhumance,
mining,
illegal fishing
,Although an invitation was received from the State Party in March 2004 to carry out a monitoring mission to the property, as requested by the Committee at its 27th session (UNESCO, 2003), the prevailing security situation prevented the mission from taking place. No further information ...
19.
Saint Lucia,Development pressures associated with tourism and housing,The State Party provided its report on 10 May 2008, thus limiting the ability to consider information presented therein.
The State Party provided a copy of a newly completed Soufrière Region Integrated Development Plan (the plan) in March 2008. The plan includes a detailed analysis of the ...
20.
Saudi Arabia,
Detailed Conservation Strategy not finalized
High rate of decay of the historic houses
Housing
Management systems/ management plan: Management system not in place
Need for a risk management and prevention plan
Projects and development work with the potential to impact the authenticity of the property
,On 16 November 2022, the State Party submitted a report on ...
21.
Yemen,a) Serious degradation of the city’s heritage (many houses and the ancient souq are in an alarming deterioration state);
b) Large percentage of the city's houses replaced by inappropriate concrete buildings;
c) Large sections of the city’s open spaces have been privatized, either illegally or informally and more than 30% of these built-up;
d) Lack of conservation ...
22.
Colombia,a) Armed conflict;
b) Illegal extraction of natural resources;
c) Lack of control of management agency. ,Since the time of this inscription of this property in 1994 there have threats to its integrity due to increased deforestation in the region surrounding the property and potential threats associated to the construction of a proposed road through Los ...
23.
Nepal,
Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
Growing number of tourists
Need to revise the management plan of the site
,The mission to Sagarmatha National Park was not requested by the Committee. However, IUCN discussed with the State Party the possibility of connecting the mission to Royal Chitwan National Park with a visit to Sagarmatha National Park. ...
24.
China,
Project to raise up the Yuzhen Palace at the property
Requirement for a living heritage management approach
Tourism development has begun to reach a critical mass
,On 27 November 2015, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, a summary of which is available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/705/documents/, presenting progress on a number of areas ...
25.
Indonesia,
Management infrastructure development within the constraints imposed by security risks in the area (issue resolved)
Disposal of mine tailings (issue resolved)
Strategic planning and promoting Government-NGO-industry co-operation for conservation
,The WWF-Office for Sahul Bioregion is now located in Jayapura in Irian Jaya and has provided a report to IUCN ...
26.
Libya,,Since its inscription on the World Heritage List, the site has never been the subject of a state of conservation report. In March 2003, the Centre dispatched a mission to Cyrene to assess its state of conservation and identify possible remedial measures. The findings and recommendations of the mission, which had been discussed with the State Party, were contained in ...
27.
Ecuador,
heavy poaching of wildlife,
illegal livestock grazing,
encroachment along the Park's perimeter,
unplanned road construction.
,Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – paragraph number VII.5. Twenty-third session of the Bureau – paragraph number IV.4
New information: In response to the invitation of the twenty-third session of ...
28.
Croatia,
Armed conflict;
Need to extend the buffer zone
,This World Heritage site was placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 1991 and has since then received numerous UNESCO missions, with a view to help in the ongoing restoration process and the monitoring of the work underway.
It is recalled that immediately after the bombing of the city in December 1991, the ...
29.
Viet Nam,Urban Pressure; Tourism Pressure; Mining, Oil/Gas Exploration; Illegal fishing; Lack of monitoring system; Lack of human or financial resources; Lack of institution co-ordination.,As requested by the 27th session of the Committee, the State Party submitted, in a letter dated 1 March 2004, a report addressing the main issues identified by the Committee (27 COM ...
30.
Jordan,
Heavy flooding in 1996 (issue resolved)
Insufficiency or non-existence of sewage disposal facilities (issue resolved)
Insufficient conservation of antiquities (issue resolved)
Housing (uncontrolled development of villages in the vicinity of the site)
Ground transport infrastructure (construction or road widening projects leading to the site)
Other encroachments ...
31.
Iran (Islamic Republic of),Factors identified at the time of inscription of the property:
planned electrification of the Tehran-Garmsar-Bandar-e Torkaman line
,On 2 December 2022, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property, available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1585/documents/. Progress on a number of conservation issues ...
32.
Ecuador,a) Inadequate implementation of the Special Law on Galápagos and lack of enforcement;
b) Poor governance;
c) Inadequate and ineffective quarantine measures;
d) Illegal fishing;
e) Instability of Park Director’s position;
f) High immigration rate;
g) Unsustainable tourism development;
h) Educational reform not implemented.,The State Party submitted two reports to ...
33.
Tunisia,,[Oral report]
The critical situation of this park, as reported to the Bureau at its 9th session (see text below) had not altered and IUCN noted that if compensatory measures to re-establish the water regime of this Park were not taken very soon, the property would lose its international importance for migratory ...
34.
Syrian Arab Republic,a) Protection Policy does not adequately integrate cultural landscapes;
b) Lack of human and financial resources;
c) Development or infrastructure projects that may affect the integrity of the property;
d) Management Plan still incomplete and lack of an Action Plan.,Decision 35 COM 8B.23 adopted by the World Heritage Committee at its 35th session ...
35.
Saint Lucia,,This property comprises significant tracts of privately owned lands. Current land uses include a small number of hotels strategically located between the two volcanic pitons that contribute to the property’s Outstanding Universal Value. There is increasing pressure on government authorities to provide the necessary permits for considerable expansion of ...
36.
Democratic Republic of the Congo,a) Armed conflict and political instability;
b) Poaching by military and armed groups;
c) Encroachment;
d) Illegal mining and deforestation.,On 30 January 2006, an updated report on the state of conservation of the five DRC World Heritage properties was submitted by the State Party, including information on the Kahuzi-Biega National Park. ...
37.
Egypt,,On 7 April 2010 the State Party submitted a report on the conservation of the property to the World Heritage Centre, in response to the request of the World Heritage Committee in its Decision 32 COM 7B.5. This decision noted the significant progress by the State Party in managing this property since its inscription, and a number of outstanding issues including in ...
38.
Mexico,,On 18 January 2016, the World Heritage Centre sent a letter to the State Party regarding serious concerns over the conservation status of two species, vaquita (porpoise species) and totoaba (marine fish), both endemic to the Gulf of California and recognized as attributes of the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (OUV). The letter noted that according to the ...
39.
Ethiopia,a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;
b) Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park;
c) Agricultural encroachment;
d) Road construction.,On 15 March 2013, the State Party submitted a comprehensive report on the state of conservation of the property, addressing remaining corrective measures ...
40.
Senegal,
Road project;
Poaching;
Management issues;
Gold prospecting
,A Centre/IUCN monitoring mission to the site was undertaken from 5 to 15 July 2001. The full mission report is provided as an information document WHC-2001/CONF.207/INF.7. As suggested in the report, the Centre and IUCN propose that an aerial survey should be conducted as a matter of urgency. This ...
41.
China,
Management activities (Project to raise up the Yuzhen Palace at the property)
Management systems / Management Plan (Requirement for a living heritage management approach)
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation (Tourism development has begun to reach a critical mass)
Others (Lack of clarity regarding components and buffer zone of the property)
,On 7 March 2023, ...
42.
United States of America,a) Mining;
b) Wildlife management: bison and cut-throat trout;
c) Invasive alien species;
d) Water quality;
e) Road construction;
f) Snow mobile impact on noise and air quality;
g) Visitor numbers. ,In its report submitted on 30 January 2008, the State Party documented progress in addressing the threats already identified in 1995 which led to ...
43.
United States of America,
Agricultural, industrial and urban developments altering the natural systems;
Pollution of the water (nutrients and mercury);
Hurricane in August 1992
,The Bureau at its nineteenth session recalled that the site was inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 1993 due to an increasing number of threats since the date of its ...
44.
Saint Lucia,Development pressures associated with tourism and housing,A state of conservation report on this property was requested by the World Heritage Committee in Decision 32 COM 7B.40 referred to above, in which, inter alia, the World Heritage Committee noted with concern that development continues to affect the integrity of the property, which if not urgently ...
45.
Chile,
Emergency situation due to the massive fire of April 2014 (issue resolved)
Interventions planned at the port, such as the Barón Port and the Prat Dock, as well as for touristic facilities and real estate projects
Fragmentation of competencies and mandates by sectors and by different levels of government, as well as by the different types of specific protection and ...
46.
France,Spain,a) Impacts of the Gavarnie Festival (France);
b) insufficient support for agroastoralism;
c) inefficient transboundary cooperation.,The States Parties of France and Spain submitted two separate state of conservation reports on 1 February 2010, in relation to the issues raised in Decision 33 COM 7B.40, on (a) transboundary management arrangements, (b) increased ...
47.
Lao People's Democratic Republic,
Lack of enforcement of the Luang Prabang Conservation Plan (PSMV), illegal constructions and long-term conservation and management of wooden structures
Public works (proposed new town, airport extension, pedestrian bridge, Nam Khan riverbank protection project and Nam Khan bridge replacement)
Luang Prabang Hydropower Project (LPHPP) which ...
48.
Ecuador,a) Inadequate implementation of the Special Law on Galápagos and lack of enforcement;
b) Poor governance;
c) Inadequate and ineffective quarantine measures;
d) Illegal fishing;
e) Instability of Park Director’s position;
f) High immigration rate;
g) Unsustainable tourism development;
h) Educational reform not implemented.,The principal threat to this property’s ...
49.
Italy,earthquake , On 20 May 2012, a powerful earthquake hit the region of Emilia Romagna, in the north of Italy, followed by numerous aftershocks, notably on 29 May and 3 June. This caused several casualties and considerable damage to several important historic buildings, some of which unfortunately collapsed.
On 7 and 8 June 2012, in close consultation with the Italian ...
50.
Italy,earthquake , On 20 May 2012, a powerful earthquake hit the region of Emilia Romagna, in the north of Italy, followed by numerous aftershocks, notably on 29 May and 3 June. This caused several casualties and considerable damage to several important historic buildings, some of which unfortunately collapsed.
On 7 and 8 June 2012, in close consultation with the Italian ...
51.
Italy,earthquake , On 20 May 2012, a powerful earthquake hit the region of Emilia Romagna, in the north of Italy, followed by numerous aftershocks, notably on 29 May and 3 June. This caused several casualties and considerable damage to several important historic buildings, some of which unfortunately collapsed.
On 7 and 8 June 2012, in close consultation with the Italian ...
52.
United Republic of Tanzania,
Shortcomings in the management and lack of resources (issues resolved)
Residents allowed to grow crops inside the World Heritage site (issue resolved)
Construction of an access road
Increased overgrazing
Tourist vehicle activity
,The 25th session of the Committee requested a report from the State Party on the encroachment situation ...
53.
Colombia,,In November 1997, a representative of Colombia’s Ministry of Environment informed IUCN that the security situation in this site was threatened by conflicts between armed groups. A significant portion of the Park area was off-limit to staff due to the presence of such armed groups and tourism to the area had come to a halt. At its twenty-second session, the Bureau ...
54.
Philippines,,The World Heritage Centre and IUCN received information from a concerned party regarding a number of threats to the property. On 30 January 2014, the World Heritage Centre requested further information from the State Party on these issues. The State Party subsequently submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property on 1 April 2014, a summary of ...
55.
Ecuador,
Fire (issue resolved);
Need of a special law (issue resolved);
Limited protected area (issue resolved);
Over fishing;
Tourist pressure;
Lack of financial resources;
Lack of legal and physical enforcement;
Illegal fishing and poaching;
Invasive species
,The Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS) has reported to IUCN on the state of conservation of the Site. ...
56.
Ethiopia,a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;
b) Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park;
c) Agricultural encroachment;
d) Road construction.,In January 2012 the State Party submitted a comprehensive report on the state of conservation of the property, addressing the corrective measures adopted by the ...
57.
Ethiopia,
Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species
Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park
Agricultural encroachment
Road construction
Grazing pressure
,On 23 February 2015, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, which is available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/9/documents. ...
58.
Côte d'Ivoire,Guinea,
Mining
Influx of refugees
Agricultural encroachment
Deforestation
Poaching
Weak management capacity
Lack of resources
Unsatisfactory transboundary cooperation
Road construction
,On 30 March 2022, the States Parties of Côte d'Ivoire and Guinea submitted a joint report on the state of conservation of the property, and on 1 March 2023, they submitted ...
59.
Russian Federation,a) Illegal salmon fishing
b) Gold mining
c) Gas pipeline
d) Development of a geothermal power station
e) Forest fires
f) Boundary changes
g) Construction of the Esso-Palana road,The joint UNESCO/IUCN mission requested by the Committee at its 30th session could not take place and is expected to be scheduled in August or September 2007. Hence, the outcome ...
60.
Cambodia,
Management systems/ management plan (Need to clarify the attributes of the Outstanding Universal Value with regard to the boundaries of the temples zone and the buffer zone; Need to augment the Conservation Plan, to refine the Management Plan and to complement the monitoring program)
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation (Need to address a number of ...
61.
Spain,,At its twenty-second session, the Bureau was informed that a giant holding pool of the Aznalcollar mine owned by the Canadian-Swedish Boliden-Apirsa Company burst resulting in an ecological disaster. Although the main toxic flow had been diverted away from the National Park, the adjoining areas have been badly damaged. The Bureau was informed that the spill could ...
62.
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Armed conflict and political instability;
Poaching by nationals and transborder armed groups;
Unadapted management capabilities.
,On 1 February 2014 the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property, which is available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/136/documents (pages 6 – 12).
The report notes a ...
63.
Botswana,Factors identified at the time of inscription of the property:
Lack of wildlife monitoring programme
Animal sanitation and diseases
Mining
Management and governance
Engagement of local communities and indigenous peoples
Alien invasive species
,On 25 November 2015, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, which is available at ...
64.
Indonesia,,The Director of the National Park and a representative of the Freeport Mine presented a case study to the IUCN World Heritage and Mining Technical Workshop, held at IUCN Headquarters in September, 2000. Key issues noted include:
· Close co-operation between the Lorentz National Park and the Freeport Mining Company. Specifically, the support from Freeport ...
65.
Netherlands (Kingdom of the),a) Advertising policy;
b) Charter of good building conduct with commercial sector;
c) Examination of building permits and conservation objectives;
d) Tall buildings control;
e) Development projects;
f) Data concerning the number of inhabitants and surface. ,On 27 January 2011, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report ...
66.
United Republic of Tanzania,Poaching,An aerial census has now confirmed the alarming decrease in rhino (almost exterminated) and elephant numbers (down by 50% to 55,000). A detailed recovery plan has been prepared and submitted to Government who has allocated substantial extra funds for operating costs.
The Federal Republic of Germany has also approved a large grant to ...
67.
United Republic of Tanzania,
Potential impacts of a hydro-electric project in Kenya
Reduced and degraded water resources
Water infrastructure
Potential impact of optical cables’ installation
Air transport infrastructure
Ground transport infrastructure
Illegal activities, including poaching
,On 15 December 2015, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, ...
68.
Senegal,
Poaching, capture and relocation of wildlife;
Drying up of ponds, and invasive species;
Illegal logging;
Livestock grazing;
Road construction project;
Potential dam construction;
Potential mining exploration and exploitation.
,The report submitted by the State Party on 4 January 2013 on the state of conservation of the property provides information on the ...
69.
Nepal,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Management systems/ management plan
Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
,At its twenty-first session, the Bureau noted that supplying the energy needs of the growing number of tourists, staff and the Sherpa community is the most critical management issue in this site. At present, site staff and a considerable ...
70.
Egypt,,In December 2007, the World Heritage Centre, accompanied by site management staff and IUCN regional staff, carried out a short visit to Wadi Al-Hitan with the assistance of the State Party and the Egyptian-Italian Environmental Co-operation Programme (EIECP). The mission was able to discuss the follow-up to the recommendations adopted by the World Heritage Committee ...
71.
Honduras,a) Illegal settlements;
b) Illegal livestock grazing and agricultural intrusions;
c) Illegal logging;
d) Poaching;
e) Invasive exotic species;
f) Management deficiencies;
g) Potential impacts from hydroelectric development project Patuca II.,As requested in Decision 31 COM 7A.13 the State Party submitted a report on the implementation of the recommendations made ...
72.
Algeria,
Earthquake (issue resolved)
Lack of implementation of the Permanent Safeguarding and Presentation Plan
,In June 2001, the Bureau approved a request for emergency assistance and recommended that the State Party implement without delay the 1992 Permanent Safeguarding and Presentation Plan to reduce pressure on the site, keep the World Heritage Centre informed ...
73.
Peru,
Delays in reviewing the Master Plan and developing detailed yearly operational plans, and inadequate budgetary support for effective implementation
No evaluation of transport options, related geological studies, or the impact of bus traffic on increasing the risk of landslides (issue resolved)
Lack of impact studies related to the carrying capacity of the Citadel and ...
74.
Ethiopia,a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;
b) Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park;
c) Agricultural encroachment;
d) Road construction.,On 28 April 2010, the State Party submitted a brief report on the state of conservation of the property. This report provides an update on the implementation of ...
75.
Yemen,
Serious degradation of the city’s heritage (many houses and the ancient souq are in an alarming deterioration state)
Large percentage of the city's houses replaced by inappropriate concrete buildings
Large sections of the city’s open spaces have been privatized, either illegally or informally and more than 30% of these built-up
Lack of conservation measures and ...
76.
Ethiopia,a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;
b) Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park;
c) Agricultural encroachment;
d) Road construction.,The Simien National Park was inscribed under criteria (vii) and (x) for its spectacular afro-alpine landscape and endangered endemic species. Severe declines in ...
77.
Ecuador,Mining, Oil/Gas Exploration, Poaching/Hunting; Lack of monitoring system ,The State Party has continued to move forward in the drafting and approval of several regulations under the 1998 Special Law for Galapagos and the legal framework for activities in Galapagos is now almost complete. Despite these encouraging developments, the Special Law of Galapagos and ...
78.
United Republic of Tanzania,a) Proposed cattle driving route;
b) Poaching.,The State Party did not submit a state of conservation report as requested by the Committee at its 30th session (Vilnius, 2006). The State Party was requested to submit a report on progress made with the management plan and Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA), in addition to the following ...
79.
Ethiopia,a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;
b) Increasing human populations and livestock numbers in the park;
c) Agricultural encroachment;
d) Road construction.,A detailed report was received from the State Party on 16 January 2008, with information on the implementation status of the corrective measures and on the ...
80.
Yemen,
New buildings;
Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
,
81.
Sri Lanka,
Commercial development
Illegal activities
Management systems/ management plan
Marine transport infrastructure
,On 12 December 2019, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, which is available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/451/documents/ and presents progress in a number of areas addressed by the Committee as follows:
The proposed ...
82.
India,
Insufficient water delivery (issue resolved)
Possible invasion of Paspalum grass (issue resolved)
Decline in the population of Siberian cranes (issue resolved)
Inadequate water supply
,The State Party submitted a report on 31 March 2006.
The State Party reports that in 2005 there was more than average rainfall in the catchment area of Ajan Band, the temporary ...
83.
Honduras,
Extreme pressure with the invasion of refugees and settlers into the Reserve;
Illegal tree felling;
Poaching;
Road construction;
Patuca II hydro power project
,WHC:
Rio Plátano Biosphere Reserve is another of the pilot sites included in the UNESCO/IUCN project “Enhancing Our Heritage: Monitoring and Managing for Success in ...
84.
Russian Federation,Mining, Oil/Gas Exploration
Additional Details:
Federal Law; pollution; pulp and paper mill, decline in seal population; Baikal Commission; oil and gas pipeline,Following the invitation by the Russian authorities, as requested by the Committee (26 COM 21(b) 19 and 27 COM 7B.19), the high-level mission took place with meetings in the Ministry of Natural ...
85.
Ecuador,a) Inadequate implementation of the Special Law on Galápagos;
b) Poor governance;
c) Inadequate and ineffective quarantine measures;
d) Illegal fishing;
e) Instability of Park Director’s position and inadequacies in the Park’s management authority;
f) High immigration rate;
g) Unsustainable and uncontrolled tourism development;
h) Educational ...
86.
China,
Unstable archaeological strata and cave roof
Need to prepare the master plan of the site giving priority to the remodelling of the museum facilities
,A UNESCO mission, undertaken in September 1996, revealed a number of major problems, including complete halt of site excavations, since a number of years due to lack of research funds and lack of adequate maintenance ...
87.
Uganda,Tourism Pressure; Agriculture Pressure; Logging; Poaching/Hunting; Lack of capacity in conservation techniques; Lack of monitoring system; Lack of Presentation and interpretation; Lack of human or financial resources; Armed conflict; Civil unrest,As requested by the Committee, the State Party submitted a report in January 2004 prepared by the management authority of ...
88.
Viet Nam,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community (Population growth)
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Housing
Industrial areas
Financial and human resources
Management systems / management plan
,The 2018 IUCN Advisory mission to the property concluded that the overall management was satisfactory with regard to the conservation of ...
89.
Côte d'Ivoire,
Poaching;
Agricultural encroachment ;
Artisanal gold mining;
Impacts of the post-electoral crisis.
,The State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property in January 2014, available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/195/documents. The report covers the following points:
Species monitoring: the 2013 monitoring shows ...
90.
Mozambique,a) Lack of management and conservation plan;
b) Buildings threatened with collapse; sanitation problems,,In 2003, UNESCO and the Government of Mozambique signed an agreement for the rehabilitation of the San Sebastian Fortress, one of the most important monuments in the Island of Mozambique. The project will focus on three key activities: (i) Prevention from ...
91.
Peru,
Dam construction (issue resolved);
Power line development (issue resolved);
Wild fires (issue resolved);
Encroachment;
Urbanization of the valley;
Helicopters flights
Damages due to a crane accident (issue resolved)
Landslides
,On 2 May 2002, the Chairperson of the Committee addressed letters to the Ministers of Foreign Affairs, ...
92.
Peru,
Fragility of its adobe structures;
Occupation of land by farmers;
Need of a management plan
,Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-first session of the Committee (paragraph number VII.29); Twenty-second session of the Bureau (paragraph number V.17); Twenty-second session of the Committee (paragraph number VII.19)
New information: The Master Plan for the site, ...
93.
Uganda,,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV. 42
New information: The same report that provided information on Bwindi Impenetrable Forest mentioned above points out that the rebels have occupied the site since 1997 and no meaningful conservation activities are being implemented in the site. Rebels continue to use the site as a ...
94.
India,
1998 floods (issue resolved)
Need for long-term measures measures to mitigate future flood damage (issue resolved)
Elephant-human conflicts
Rhino poaching
Illegal encroachment by villagers
Need for integrated planning and management to incorporate community needs and aspirations
,An IUCN/Government of India mission to Assam, supported by the Centre and ...
95.
Egypt,
Earthquake in 1992 (issue resolved)
Inappropriate reconstruction works (issue resolved)
Coordination among institutions
Authenticity and adaptive re-use in conservation policy
Training and institutional building
,As recommended by the Bureau at its June session in Paris, an ICOMOS expert carried out a mission to Cairo from 6 to 18 August 2001, to evaluate ...
96.
Nepal,
Earthquake (Severe earthquake of 25 April 2015)
Housing (Uncontrolled urban development resulting in the loss of traditional urban fabric, in particular privately-owned houses)
Management systems/management plan (Lack of a coordinated management mechanism)
Ground transport infrastructure (Construction of a forest road)
Underground transport infrastructure (Project ...
97.
Mexico,Urban development project including the demolition of a great number of colonial constructions,
98.
Mexico,Urban development project including the demolition of a great number of colonial constructions,
99.
Bulgaria,
Development of a hotel and a ski resort (issue resolved)
Project proposal envisaging the enlargement of the existing ski-zone within the World Heritage site
,No information was provided by the State Party following the 26th session of the Committee and the results of the report provided by the UNESCO-IUCN mission to the site concerning the number of existing and ...
100.
Ecuador,a) Delay in the full implementation of the Special Law and lack of enforcement;
b) Inadequate quarantine measures;
c) Illegal fishing;
d) Instability of Park Director’s Position.,The State Party of Ecuador has submitted a report on 15 February 2006, noting progress achieved in the conservation and management of the islands. Key highlights are:
a) The Minister ...
101.
Argentina,Bolivia (Plurinational State of),Chile,Colombia,Ecuador,Peru,
Management systems (some management plans still pending).
Lack of risk preparedness and risk management plans.
Heritage Impact Assessments (HIA) common framework needed.
Developing of a more effective and sustainable monitoring system.
,On 26 December 2022, the State Party of Chile, in its function as ...
102.
Senegal,a) Poaching, capture and relocation of wildlife;
b) Illegal logging;
c) Livestock grazing;
d) Road construction;
e) Potential dam construction;
f) Potential mining activities. ,The State Party submitted a concise report on the state of conservation of the property on 18 March 2008. The report notes that a workshop was organized in September 2007, which developed a ...
103.
Poland,a) Lack of management plan;
b) Consultation with local communities.,As requested by the World Heritage Committee (31 COM 7B.101) the State Party submitted on 1 February 2008 a state of conservation report on the property including a report on progress since its last report of April 2007.
The State Party notes that the work on the management plan is progressing ...
104.
Peru,
Delays in reviewing the Master Plan and developing detailed yearly operational plans, and inadequate budgetary support for effective implementation;
No evaluation of transport options, related geological studies, or the impact of bus traffic on increasing the risk of landslides;
Lack of impact studies related to the carrying capacity of the Citadel and Inca ...
105.
Mali,a) No management and conservation plan;
b) Pressure from urban development;
c) Deterioration of dwellings;
d) Waste disposal problems;
e) Encroachment of the archaeological sites.,The State Party submitted its report on the state of conservation of the World Heritage property on 27 February 2008. This report provided information on the alterations observed to the ...
106.
Niger,
Political instability and civil strife
Poverty
Management constraints
Ostrich poaching
Soil erosion
Demographic pressure
Livestock pressure
Pressure on forestry resources
,On 30 January 2015, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property. From 8 to 20 February 2015 an IUCN reactive monitoring mission visited the property. Both ...
107.
Nigeria,
Urban development close to the property
Road construction around the property
Pollution of the Osun River
Bush fires within the property
Adverse impact of the commercialisation of the annual festival
Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers and the lack of a tourism management plan
Road through ...
108.
Philippines,Fishing; Lack of management mechanism (including legislation). ,The Centre and IUCN received a draft report from the Director of the Tubbataha Reef Marine Park on 30 January 2004. The report notes that, as requested by the Committee at its 27th session, a number of assessments on the effects of illegal fishing on the marine biodiversity of the site ...
109.
Viet Nam,a) Population growth;
b) Increased tourism pressure and development;
c) Urban and industrial development;
d) Lack of financial and technical resources;
e) Absence of an integrated planning approach.,On 30 November 2006, the State Party submitted a report on the actual and potential impacts of the Cam Pha cement plant project and Cai Lan port project on the ...
110.
Syrian Arab Republic,Before the conflict:
Illegal Activities
Housing
Since March 2011:
Armed conflict (Damage of historic buildings due to the conflict)
Illegal activities (illegal constructions following the start of the conflict and illegal excavations)
,On 11 January 2024, the State Party submitted state of conservation reports for the six Syrian World Heritage ...
111.
United States of America,
Urban Pressure
Agriculture Pressure
,In a letter dated 30 January 2004, the State Party provided an update on the situation of Everglades National Park and requested that the property be retained on the List of World Heritage in Danger.
IUCN noted that the report provides an update on specific accomplishments to address previously identified ...
112.
China,Threats identified at the time of extension of the property in 2014:
Management systems/management plan (property-wide management plan not yet finalized, actions to manage tourism, water quality, agricultural and urban development impacts not implemented)
Governance (Integrated governance arrangements not implemented)
,On 6 December 2016, the State Party submitted a ...
113.
Mozambique,
Need for a detailed programme for the recuperation / rehabilitation of the island
Storm in 1994
Lack of funding (issue resolved)
Precarious state of conservation of the stone
Solid waste collection
Presence of squatters in the Stone City
,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the World Heritage Committee - Chapter VII.36:
The Committee ...
114.
Yemen,Serious deterioration of the city's heritage. In particular, around 40% of the city's houses were replaced by concrete buildings, and many other houses and the ancient souq are in a deteriorating state. Large sections of the city’s open spaces have been privatized, either illegally or informally and more than 30 % of these built-up. ,A Report on the State of ...
115.
Spain,,At the time of the inscription the marine component of this mixed property was threatened by a large EU funded project aiming to reorganise and expand the port of Ibiza. At that time, and after reviewing the 1994 Environmental Impact Assessment, prepared for this project, IUCN concluded that the potential impacts on the marine component of this property could be ...
116.
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Political uncertainties,
New settlements in the Park,
Gold mining,
Livestock grazing,
Destruction of vegetation,
Poaching,
Agricultural encroachment,
Over-exploitation of fish populations,
Lack of financial resources
,Virunga National Park, inscribed under criteria (ii), (iii) and (iv) in 1979, was included on the List of World Heritage in ...
117.
Australia,,IUCN and World Heritage Centre have received reports from various sources on the devastating impacts of non-native feral rabbits and rodents on the vegetation and wildlife of Macquarie Island. The rabbit population has increased from 10,000 to 100,000 rabbits since the 1980s. The negative impacts of this overpopulation are in particular the destruction of ...
118.
France,
Non-renewable energy facilities
Oil and gas
Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation
,At its 37th session in 2013, the World Heritage Committee noted with concern the increase in tourism pressure and its possible impact on the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the property (Decision 37 COM 7B.19). Since this Decision, the World Heritage Centre has continued to ...
119.
South Africa,,WHC:
Since its inclusion to the World Heritage List, Robben Island is threatened by tourism pressure due to an increasing number of visitors, placing a high demand on the available resources. The Chairperson of the World Heritage Committee accompanied by the Centre and a representative of the South African Department of Environment and Tourism visited Robben ...
120.
Morocco,
Abandonment of the site and progressive deterioration
Lack of management plan
Legal protection of the site
Infrastructure and Tourism Development projects
,WHC:
Following the request expressed by the Committee during its 26thsession, the State Party submitted, in March 2003, a new report on the progress made in the implementation of the recommendations ...
121.
Australia,
Lack of a management plan
Problems with landowners resident in the site
Aboriginal concerns
,The Bureau at its eighteenth session took note of the first mission report to the site. The report indicated problems with landowner residents, aboriginal concerns and delays in the preparation of a management plan. IUCN suggested a redefinition of the boundaries of the ...
122.
Mauritania,
Capture operation of the monk seal (issue resolved)
Over-harvesting of fish resources (issue resolved)
A Rally, “Trophée des Gazelles - Rallye des Sables” traversed the area of the Park in 1997 (issue resolved)
Petroleum prospecting
Road construction project
,During a Centre mission to Mauritania from 21 to 28 September 2002, meetings were held with the Banc ...
123.
Russian Federation,
Erection of a monument in honour of Marshal G. Zhukov (constructed)
Ongoing and accelerated urban development pressures
,On 30 January 2015, the State Party submitted a boundary clarification, as well as a detailed state of conservation report that addresses the progress made with the implementation of the previous Committee’s decisions. An executive ...
124.
Philippines,
Illegal occupation
Need for a clear zoning scheme and regulations for appropriate tourism development within the property and its vicinity
,An IUCN Reactive Monitoring mission visited the property in December 2014 (mission report available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/652/documents/). No report was requested to the State Party by the Committee at its 38th ...
125.
Tunisia,
Construction of dams;
Hunting;
Grazing,
Air pollution
,Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – paragraph number VII.11. Twenty-third session of the Bureau – paragraph number IV.10
New information: At its twenty-third session in July 1999, the Bureau agreed with the recommendations of a joint IUCN/Ramsar/Centre mission to the ...
126.
Central African Republic,
Heavy poaching;
Lack of management plan;
Possible transfer of the management of the site to a private foundation
,
Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – paragraph number VII.3 Twenty-third session of the Bureau – paragraph number IV.2
New information:
The President of the State Party has yet to respond to ...
127.
Ethiopia,Encroachment; increasing human population within the park; declining populations of Walia ibex and Simien Fox; deforestation and soil deterioration.,A report was received from the State Party, dated 25 January 2005. The report provides details on the progress made in relation to the four benchmarks set by the Committee at its 25th session (Helsinki, 2001) for ...
128.
Chile,
Interventions planned at the port, such as the Barón Port and the Prat Dock, as well as for touristic facilities and real estate projects
Fragmentation of competencies and mandates by sectors and by different levels of government, as well as by the different types of specific protection and use of different areas, does not allow for the management of the property ...
129.
Spain,Toxic flow from a mine holding pool,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.25;
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV.39.
New information: IUCN notes that at its last session, the World Heritage Bureau:
(i) expressed serious concerns regarding the possible reopening of the Aznalcollar mine, and encouraged ...
130.
United Republic of Tanzania,a) Proposed cattle driving route;
b) Poaching,In February 2006, the World Heritage Centre and IUCN were informed of the deterioration of the Selous Game Reserve since the end of the German Government (GTZ) assistance programme in 2003. This is in contrast to the considerable improvements in the management of the property during the GTZ funded ...
131.
France,Spain,a) Impacts of the Gavarnie Festival (France) and request for its permanent transfer;
b) Insufficient transboundary cooperation on pastoral activities,As requested by the World Heritage Committee (Decision 31 COM 7B.44), the State Party invited a joint UNESCO/IUCN/ICOMOS reactive monitoring mission in July 2007 to witness the Gavarnie Festival and discuss ...
132.
Nigeria,
Urban development close to the property
Road construction around the property
Pollution of the Osun River
Bush fires within the property
Adverse impact of the commercialisation of the annual festival
Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers and the lack of a tourism management plan
Road through ...
133.
Yemen,New buildings; Increasing number of dilapidated buildings,As a result of activities financed by extrabudgetary sources, such as UNDP or funds collected under international safeguarding campaigns, the Secretariat has obtained information on the work carried out or projects pending in some of the sites inscribed on the World Heritage List.
Thus, for the Old City ...
134.
Honduras,
Extreme pressure with the invasion of refugees and settlers into the Reserve;
Illegal tree felling;
Poaching;
Road construction;
Patuca II hydro power project .
,Summary of previous delibertions:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – paragraph number VII.8 Twenty-third session of the Bureau – paragraph number IV.7
New information: The State Party has ...
135.
Bulgaria,Tourism Pressure; Ski development ,The joint UNESCO-IUCN mission was carried out from 3 to 6 February 2004 in close cooperation with the State Party, the site manager and the Ministry for Environment and Waters. It noted that a number of ascertained and potential threats exist, including the existing ski development and other potential development ...
136.
United Republic of Tanzania,a) Proposed cattle driving route;
b) Poaching;
c) Insufficient funding;
d) Mineral and hydrocarbon prospecting and mining;
e) Tourism management and development;
f) Potential and proposed dam development. ,On 17 February 2009, a report on the state of conservation of the property was submitted by the State Party. The report provides some ...
137.
Myanmar,
Management systems / Management Plan (Lack of a conservation plan for the burial sites)
Human resources (Need to strengthen capacity-building in the conservation of these particularly fragile and vulnerable sites)
,On 3 January 2018, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property, which is available at ...
138.
Iran (Islamic Republic of),Factors identified at the time of inscription in 2016:
Management activities (Need to collect data related to each qanat and make it accessible to members of the local communities; Lack of permanent marking of the boundaries of property components and buffer zones on the ground)
Management systems / Management Plans (Need to extend the ...
139.
Oman,
Degradation of the structures;
Use of recent construction materials (cement, etc.)
Need for a management plan
,Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee (paragraph number VII.18) Twenty-third session of the Bureau (paragraph number IV.13)
New information: The monitoring missions are proceeding regularly and now cover the preparation ...
140.
Poland,Urban Pressure; Lack of management mechanism (including legislation),As requested by the Committee, a report was submitted by the State Party on 23 February 2004, which outlined the progress made in the implementation of the 2nd phase of the Strategic Programme for the Oświęcim Area (OSPR) for the years 2002-2006. Within the framework of the strategic ...
141.
Uzbekistan,
Recent hotel constructions which would negatively affect the integrity of the property (issue resolved)
Heavy traffic, pollution and poor sewege system (issue resolved)
Managements systems/management plan (Lack of a proper conservation and management plan)
Management activities (Lack of coordination with regard to the conservation and restoration activities ...
142.
Ecuador,
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources (illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing / collection of aquatic resources)
Legal framework (inadequate implementation of the Special Law on Galápagos)
Governance
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community (high immigration rate)
Illegal activities
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation
Invasive ...
143.
Yemen,
Legal frameworks, governance and management systems
Ground transport infrastructure: road network
Livestock grazing: sheep, goat and cattle
Invasive species
Fishing and collection of marine resources
Solid waste: primarily in and around main settlements
,On 19 February 2016, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property, which is ...
144.
United Republic of Tanzania,a) Increased human pastoral population;
b) Immigration; Poaching;
c) Spread of invasive species;
d) Tourism pressure;
e) Encroachment and cultivation.,The World Heritage Centre received on the 6 January 2006 a state of conservation report for the property from the State Party, through its site management authority, the Ngorongoro Conservation ...
145.
Saint Lucia,Development pressures associated with tourism and housing,On 12 February 2012 the State Party submitted a brief report on the state of conservation of the property.
a) Development pressures associated with tourism and housing
The State Party reports that it has approved development applications within the property. The World Heritage Centre requested further ...
146.
Mexico,Urban development project including the demolition of a great number of colonial constructions,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-third session of the Bureau, Chapter IV.68
New information: In response to a request from the Bureau at its twenty-third session, the Mexican authorities submitted a detailed inventory of damages caused to the Historic Centre of ...
147.
Niger,a) Political instability and civil strife;
b) Poverty;
c) Management constraints;
d) Ostrich poaching;
e) Soil erosion;
f) Demographic pressure;
g) Livestock pressure;
h) Pressure on forestry resources.,On 1 February 2012, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property. The report underlined the efforts realized by the State Party in ...
148.
Nepal,a) Pressure and degradation from increasing tourism and mountaineering;
b) Airstrip development;
c) Climate change;
d) Development of tourism resort in core area.,The World Heritage Committee requested this report in response to growing concerns related to tourism development within the property, and associated impacts on the property’s ...
149.
Egypt,
Earthquake in 1992 (issue resolved);
Inappropriate reconstruction works (issue resolved);
Rise of the underground water level;
Dilapidated infrastructure;
Neglect and lack of maintenance;
Overcrowded areas and buildings;
Uncontrolled development;
Absence of a defined protection perimeter for the property and of a comprehensive Urban Conservation Plan;
Absence of ...
150.
United Republic of Tanzania,
Shortcomings in the management and lack of resources (issues resolved)
Residents allowed to grow crops inside the World Heritage site (issue resolved)
Construction of an access road
,The Centre and IUCN received a report of extensive and increasing domestic crop cultivation in the Ngorongoro Crater and wider Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA), ...
151.
Peru,
Management systems/ management plan (Delays in reviewing the Master Plan and developing detailed yearly operational plans, and inadequate budgetary support for effective implementation; No evaluation of transport options, related geological studies, or the impact of bus traffic on increasing the risk of landslides; Lack of effective management of the property; Lack ...
152.
Mozambique,
Need for a detailed programme for the recuperation / rehabilitation of the island
Storm in 1994
Lack of funding (issue resolved)
Precarious state of conservation of the stone
Solid waste collection
Presence of squatters in the Stone City
,Thanks to a contribution from the World Heritage Fund, the World Heritage site Ilha de Mozambique, has been the ...
153.
Zambia,Zimbabwe,
Project to construct a dam across the gorge (issue resolved);
Unplanned tourism development;
Uncontrolled urban development driven by population increase;
Invasive species;
Pollution (water, air and visual);
Reduced water flows over the falls due to drought and/or upstream hydropower production.
,On 23 February 2010, the States Parties submitted a ...
154.
Benin,Burkina Faso,Niger,
Phosphate mining project (issue resolved)
Dam project (issue resolved)
Lack of monitoring of the implementation of the Management Plan
Transhumance
Insecurity
Poaching
,On 28 January 2022, the States Parties of Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger submitted a joint report on the state of conservation of the property, and on 30 March 2023, they provided ...
155.
Peru,
Management systems/ management plan (Delays in reviewing the Master Plan and developing detailed yearly operational plans, and inadequate budgetary support for effective implementation; No evaluation of transport options, related geological studies, or the impact of bus traffic on increasing the risk of landslides ; Lack of effective management of the property; Lack ...
156.
Egypt,a) Rise in the water table;
b) Impact on structures due to earth trembling and other forms of damage likely to result from the use of heavy earth-moving equipment;
c) Lack of conservation plan, defining short-, medium-, and long-term objectives and establishing technical parameters (materials, techniques, etc);
d) Need for a management plan, to include research, ...
157.
Libya,
Deliberate destruction of heritage (Inadequate protection leading to threat to rock-hewn monumental tombs, vandalism and the development of agricultural activities in the rural zone)
Governance
Housing (Urban encroachment and uncontrolled building construction leading to destruction of archaeological areas)
Interpretative and visitation facilities (Need for a ...
158.
Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Armed conflict and political instability
Poaching by nationals and trans-border armed groups
Inappropriate management capabilities to address the poaching crisis (resolved)
,On 26 March 2020, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report on the property, and additional information on 12 March 2021, all available at ...
159.
Chile,
Interventions planned at the port, such as the Barón Port and the Prat Dock, as well as for touristic facilities and real estate projects
Fragmentation of competencies and mandates by sectors and by different levels of government, as well as by the different types of specific protection and use of different areas, which does not allow for the management of the ...
160.
Ukraine,Urban pressure,The State Party reported to the World Heritage Centre on 9 September 2003 that an inter-Ministerial meeting had taken place on 27 July 2003 to follow up the Presidential Order of 3 February 2003 stopping the construction of the underground swimming pool. This construction, situated immediately outside the boundary of the property, caused cracks on ...
161.
Mauritania,a) Illegal fishing;
b) Mechanical shellfish harvesting;
c) Oil exploitation;
d) Tourism and increased accessibility due to the new Nouadhibou-Nouakchott road;
e) Lack of management capacity and resources. ,The State Party did not submit a state of conservation report which was requested by the World Heritage Committee at its 31st session (Christchurch, ...
162.
Portugal,a) Lack of management plan;
b) Lack of overall conservation of the site, its parks and palaces;
c) Urban development pressure.,At the request of the Committee (28 COM 15B.77, 29 COM 7B.81) a joint World Heritage Centre/ICOMOS/IUCN monitoring mission was undertaken to evaluate the overall state of conservation of the site as well as of its buffer and transition ...
163.
South Africa,The following threats were identified at the time of inscription of the property on the World Heritage List:
a) Theft and vandalism;
b) Pollution of the Vaal River;
c) Lack of tourism management, particularly access. ,The joint World Heritage Centre / IUCN mission to Vredefort Dome was carried out from 28 April to 3 May 2008 in accordance with the World ...
164.
Thailand,
Illegal activities (poaching and illegal logging);
Road expansion, in particular regarding Highway 304;
Forest fragmentation, connectivity and the need for ecological corridors;
Encroachment;
Management Planning;
Tourism and visitor levels;
Dams and cattle grazing.
,An IUCN reactive monitoring mission visited the property on 13-17 January 2014. Subsequently, the ...
165.
Mexico,a) Illegal logging
b) Growth in human population
c) Tourism pressures associated with growth in visitor numbers and heavy concentration in specific areas
d) Agricultural advances
e) Forest fires,On 9 February 2009 the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property. The report responds to the decisions of the World Heritage Committee (32 ...
166.
Madagascar,There have been no previous state of conservation reports. The IUCN evaluation of 2007 mentions the following threats to the property:
a) Encroachment;
b) Fire;
c) Hunting and poaching;
d) Artisanal mining;
e) Illegal logging;,On 23 March 2009, the World Heritage Centre received information from the Post-Conflict and Disaster management Branch of the United ...
167.
Uzbekistan,
Management systems/management plan (Lack of a comprehensive conservation and management plan)
Management activities
Housing; Commercial development (Major interventions carried out, including demolition and re-building activities)
Legal framework (Need to reinforce the national legal framework)
Human resources (inadequate)
Financial resources (inadequate)
,On 3 ...
168.
Haiti,a) Lack of a Management Plan;
b) Lack of a Conservation Plan;
c) Water damage;
d) Vandalism;
e) Seismic activities;
f) Lack of a Risk Preparedness Plan.,On 27 November 2009, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report on the occasion of the “Workshop on the preparation of the Retrospective Inventory and Retrospective Statements of Outstanding ...
169.
Dominican Republic,a) Undefined and unregulated buffer zone leading to urban development pressure and inadequate control of land use;
b) Pressures derived from tourism;
c) Inadequate and inefficient management and conservation arrangements (including legislation, regulatory measures, technical capacity for conservation and service infrastructure)
d) Lack of interpretation ...
170.
Yemen,
New buildings;
Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
,A monitoring mission visited the site in June 1998 and found that there was obvious need of co-ordination between the various governmental bodies involved in the city as well as between the World Bank project team and the General Organization for the Preservation of the Historic Cities in Yemen (GOPHCY). The ...
171.
Senegal,
Poaching, capture and relocation of wildlife
Drying up of ponds and invasive species
Illegal logging
Livestock grazing
Road construction project
Potential dam construction
Potential mining exploration and exploitation
,On 17 January 2015, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property, available at ...
172.
Uganda,a) Mining activities inside the property;
b) Staffing and budgetary deficiencies;
c) Degradation of buffer zone;
d) Impact of tourism and climbing expeditions.,In February 2007, the State Party submitted a detailed report on the conservation and management status of the Rwenzori Mountains National Park (RMNP) covering the following issues:
a) Park operations and ...
173.
Central African Republic,
Heavy poaching;
Lack of management plan;
Possible transfer of the management of the site to a private foundation
Civil unrest
Lack of human or financial resources
,At its 25th session (Helsinki, 2001), the Committee requested the Centre and IUCN to co-operate with the State Party in order to identify potential financial sources to implement urgent ...
174.
Libya,
Conflict situation prevailing in the country
,On 30 January 2018, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, which is available at http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/184/documents/. Progress in a number of conservation issues addressed by the Committee at its previous sessions is presented in this report, as follows:
Due to the armed conflict and as a ...
175.
Lao People's Democratic Republic,,The Town of Luang Prabang was inscribed on the World Heritage List in December 1994. After years of political and economic isolation of Laos, the policy of economic liberalization adopted by the Government is now resulting in a surge of overseas public and private investments, especially in physical infrastructural development and tourism. ...
176.
India,
Decline in the population of Siberian cranes (issue resolved)
Inadequate water supply and competition for water with neighbouring communities;
Poor water (quality and quantity) management;
Invasive species (Prosopis, Eichhornia, Paspalum)(already an issue in the past)
,On 15 April 2011, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property ...
177.
Russian Federation,
Pollution of the Lake
Questions about the legal status of some parts along the border of the site (issue resolved)
Lack of resources
,Previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.24;
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV.38.
New information: In April 1999, the State Duma of the Russian Federation ...
178.
Thailand,a) Road expansion, in particular regarding Highway 304
b) Forest fragmentation, connectivity and the need for ecological corridors
c) Encroachment
d) Management Planning
e) Tourism and visitor levels
f) Dams and cattle grazing,On 1 February 2012 the State Party submitted a succinct report on the state of conservation of the property. The report includes a ...
179.
China,Construction of the tourist light railway between Golden Summit and the main summit of Emei Shan,The Secretariat arranged the reactive monitoring mission by IUCN and ICOMOS to the site in July and August 2000 following the construction of a monorail at the Summit of Mount Emei. Concerns had been expressed regarding the impact of the monorail on the natural and ...
180.
Peru,a) Agricultural encroachment;
b) Cattle ranching;
c) Deforestation/ Illegal logging;
d) Hydrocarbon concesssions. ,The State Party submitted its report with maps on 30 April 2008 (in Spanish). The report argues that pressures within the park are minor, as are those emanating from human activities located near the south western and south eastern park ...
181.
United Republic of Tanzania,a) Ruins damaged by sea erosion;
b) Collapsing monuments;
c) Lack of clear boundaries of the property and buffer zone;
d) Population pressure; no participation of community;
e) Unclear management systems leading to inactivity;
f) Out of date legal framework.,During its 30th session, the World Heritage Committee noted the involvement of the ...
182.
Nepal,
Air pollution
Illegal activities (Poaching)
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation (Rapid increase and commercialization of mountaineering tourism, including resort and trail development);
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure (noise pollution and visual impacts from helicopter use)
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals
Major ...
183.
Thailand,,Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2005 based on criterion (x) due to its biodiversity richness and its role in conserving a number of globally threatened and endangered species. The IUCN evaluation noted the risk to the integrity of the property associated with ecological fragmentation and in particular the problem ...
184.
Kenya,
Illegal activities leading to serious destruction of canopy and a decrease of the overall forest area
Livestock grazing in the site
Fire
Landslides
Cannabis cultivation
Lack of implementation of the Management Plan
,WHC:
At its 25th Session held in December 2001 in Helsinki the World Heritage Committee requested the State Party to invite a joint UNESCO/IUCN ...
185.
Yemen,
Serious degradation of the city’s heritage (many houses and the ancient souq are in an alarming deterioration state);
Large percentage of the city's houses replaced by inappropriate concrete buildings;
Large sections of the city’s open spaces have been privatized, either illegally or informally and more than 30% of these built-up;
Lack of conservation measures and ...
186.
Côte d'Ivoire,
Poaching
Artisanal gold mining
Agricultural encroachment (issue resolved)
Impacts of the post-electoral crisis (issue resolved)
,On 11 November 2016, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation of the property, available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/195/documents/, which reports the following:
Poaching continues to be a threat in ...
187.
Chile,
Emergency situation due to the massive fire of April 2014 (issue resolved)
Interventions planned at the port, such as the Barón Port and the Prat Dock, as well as for touristic facilities and real estate projects
Fragmentation of competencies and mandates by sectors and by different levels of government, as well as by the different types of specific protection and ...
188.
Gabon,
Lack of management structure to deal with the cultural values of the property;
Need for training of conservation managers;
Invasive alien plants;
Illegal hunting;
Illegal wood trade;
Road Development
,On 31 January 2014, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report. Progress is reported on the following:
Alembé-Mikouyi Road Development ...
189.
Azerbaijan,,During a mission to Azerbaijan, a staff member of the UNESCO Cultural Heritage Division noted that a number of the Old City's heritage buildings and houses have recently been demolished and replaced by new structures. The Centre transmitted this information to the authorities for review and to ICOMOS for comments. No reply has been received at the time of the ...
190.
Cambodia,Factors identified at the time of inscription of the property:
Need to clarify the attributes of the Outstanding Universal Value with regards to the boundaries of the temples zone and the buffer zone
Necessity to augment the Conservation Plan, to refine the Management Plan and to complement the monitoring program
Need to address a number of tourism-related ...
191.
Australia,Mining issues,The Centre received a report from a concerned NGO in Australia indicating current conservation threats posed to the property as a result of the increase in Cane Toad (Bufo marinus) infestation. The report noted that the park is currently being invaded by the introduced Cane Toad which is causing the extinction of various predatory native ...
192.
Brazil,
Urban pressure that may affect the original city plan (Plano Piloto) that warranted inscription in the World Heritage List
Lack of a Master Plan
,On 1 December 2016, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, which is available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/445/documents and presents the following information:
A working group of the Federal ...
193.
Suriname,
Legal framework
Management systems
,On 6 January 2016, the State Party submitted a state of conservation report, available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/940/documents/ and which addresses the following issues:
Progress on the implementation of the 2014 Emergency Plan that consisted of short-term measures regarding the management, conservation, public ...
194.
Yemen,
Deliberate destruction of heritage
Land conversion
Financial resources
Human resources
Management system / management plan
Serious degradation of the city’s heritage (many houses and the ancient souq are in an alarming state of deterioration)
Large percentage of the city's houses replaced by inappropriate concrete buildings
Large sections of the city’s open spaces ...
195.
Albania,
Illegal construction dating from the late 1990s;
Lack of specific monitoring indicators;
Lack of programme of archaeological excavations;
Lack of adequate fire fighting arrangements in the historic urban zone;
Lack of detailed tourism development plan.
,On 31 January 2013, the State Party submitted a report on the state of conservation, which in effect included ...
196.
Côte d'Ivoire,Guinea,
Lack of Management Plan;
Lack of funding;
Poaching;
New railway;
Mining;
Proposed reduction of the protected area;
Refugees from Liberia
,Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – paragraph number VII.7 Twenty-third session of the Bureau – paragraph number IV.6.
New information: The Director General of the Centre for ...
197.
South Africa,a) Lack of financial resources;
b) Invasive species;
c) Fires.,The State Party submitted a State of Conservation Report on 28 March 2007, which included information on institutional arrangements, management and conservation measures in the property and its surrounding areas. The State Party also reported on the funding for management activities to address the ...
198.
Ethiopia,
Presence of armed groups
Loss of biodiversity
Encroachment at the borders of the site
Road construction
,Summary of previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – paragraph number VII.6 Twenty-third session of the Bureau – paragraph number IV.5.
New information: The Centre has yet to receive a response from the State Party to the letter ...
199.
Iran (Islamic Republic of),
Various proposed transportation infrastructures (issue resolved)
Lack of meaningful buffer zones
Commercial centre project
,Within the project "Urban Conservation of Meidan Emam site-monitoring the state of conservation and co-operation between local and national authorities of the World Heritage site", supported by the UNESCO-France ...
200.
Romania,Proposed Dracula Park construction project,As requested by the 25th session of the Committee, a joint UNESCO-ICOMOS mission was undertaken to the site from 22 to 28 March 2002. The full report of the joint mission is contained in the Working Document WHC-02/CONF.202/INF.11. The general aim of the mission was to assess the different impacts the building of such a ...