State of Conservation
160
Reports
160
Properties concerned
80
States Parties with SOC reports
Property Category:Culturalclose
Date Start:
2021close
Date end:2021close
Site | State Party | Year | Threats* | Danger List |
---|---|---|---|---|
aapravasi ghatAapravasi Ghat | mauritius |
2021 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
abu menaAbu Mena | egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Encroachments within the property and inappropriate recent constructions; Lack of engagement with local communities and other stakeholders |
Yes |
aksumAksum | ethiopia |
2021 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Structural instability of Stele 3 |
No |
ancient building complex in the wudang mountainsAncient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains | china |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
ancient city of aleppoAncient City of Aleppo | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
ancient city of bosraAncient City of Bosra | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Housing, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Society's valuing of heritage,
War,
Other Threats: fire |
Yes |
ancient city of nessebarAncient City of Nessebar | bulgaria |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
ancient thebes with its necropolisAncient Thebes with its Necropolis | egypt |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Natural decay and structural problems Major infrastructure and development projects Uncontrolled urban development |
No |
ancient villages of northern syriaAncient Villages of Northern Syria | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
angkorAngkor | cambodia |
2021 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: • Uncontrolled urban expansion; • Lack of clarity regarding property rights and building codes; • Poor law enforcement; |
No |
aphrodisiasAphrodisias | turkiye |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
archaeological areas of pompei, herculaneum and torre annunziataArchaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata | italy |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: New buffer zone necessary |
No |
archaeological site of carthageArchaeological Site of Carthage | tunisia |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
archaeological site of cyreneArchaeological Site of Cyrene | libya |
2021 | Crop production, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, War, | Yes |
archaeological site of leptis magnaArchaeological Site of Leptis Magna | libya |
2021 | Desertification,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stone masonry; Sand covering certain areas of the property; Graffiti and fires |
Yes |
archaeological site of nalanda mahavihara at nalanda, biharArchaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar | india |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of appropriate documentation to establish the authenticity of the property |
No |
archaeological site of panamá viejo and historic district of panamáArchaeological Site of Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá | panama |
2021 | Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Human resources,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Other Threats: Severe deterioration of historic buildings ; Demolition of urban ensembles and buildings |
No |
archaeological site of sabrathaArchaeological Site of Sabratha | libya |
2021 | Housing,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: Excessive vegetation growth; Impact of humidity and seawater salt on stone masonry |
Yes |
ashur (qal'at sherqat)Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) | iraq |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fragile mud brick structures |
Yes |
asmara: a modernist african cityAsmara: A Modernist African City | eritrea |
2021 | Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
auschwitz birkenau german nazi concentration and extermination camp (1940-1945)Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) |
poland |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Slow process of consultation with local communities |
No |
babylonBabylon | iraq |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
baptism site “bethany beyond the jordan” (al-maghtas)Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) | jordan |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Buildings and Development (lack of design and construction guidelines) Preservation of important vistas and sightlines of the property |
No |
baroque churches of the philippinesBaroque Churches of the Philippines | philippines |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, | No |
birthplace of jesus: church of the nativity and the pilgrimage route, bethlehemBirthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem | state of palestine |
2021 | Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Degradation of the architectural complex of the Church of the Nativity |
No |
borobudur temple compoundsBorobudur Temple Compounds | indonesia |
2021 | No | |
brasiliaBrasilia | brazil |
2021 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue | hungary |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage |
No |
byblosByblos | lebanon |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
chan chan archaeological zoneChan Chan Archaeological Zone | peru |
2021 | Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continuous deterioration of earthen architecture structures and decorated surfaces from lack of conservation and maintenance practices |
Yes |
churches of chiloeChurches of Chiloé | chile |
2021 | Commercial development,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Insufficient delimitation of boundaries |
No |
city of potosiCity of Potosí | bolivia (plurinational state of) |
2021 | Legal framework,
Mining,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Instability and risk of collapse of the Cerro Rico; Deficiencies in conservation; Environmental impacts on the hydraulic complex |
Yes |
city of quitoCity of Quito | ecuador |
2021 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo | dominican republic |
2021 | Earthquake, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, Storms, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
cornwall and west devon mining landscapeCornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Commercial development, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
coro and its portCoro and its Port | venezuela (bolivarian republic of) |
2021 | Flooding,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Serious deterioration of materials and structure |
Yes |
crac des chevaliers and qal’at salah el-dinCrac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
cultural and historic ensemble of the solovetsky islandsCultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands | russian federation |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Poor state of conservation of the monastic irrigation system |
No |
cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the bamiyan valleyCultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley | afghanistan |
2021 | Commercial development,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of the Giant Buddha niches; Irreversible deterioration of the mural paintings |
Yes |
cultural landscape of bali province: the subak system as a manifestation of the tri hita karana philosophyCultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy | indonesia |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Governance, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
diyarbakır fortress and hevsel gardens cultural landscapeDiyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape | turkiye |
2021 | Civil unrest, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
erbil citadelErbil Citadel | iraq |
2021 | Legal framework,
Other Threats: Slopes of the archaeological mound non stabilized |
No |
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore | pakistan |
2021 | Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
fortifications on the caribbean side of panama: portobelo-san lorenzoFortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo | panama |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of established boundaries and buffer zones |
Yes |
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions | ghana |
2021 | Changes to oceanic waters,
Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Ground water pollution,
Illegal activities,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Water (rain/water table),
Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere |
No |
fossil hominid sites of south africaFossil Hominid Sites of South Africa | south africa |
2021 | Ground water pollution,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other climate change impacts,
Surface water pollution,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Acid mine drainage |
No |
gebel barkal and the sites of the napatan regionGebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region | sudan |
2021 | Desertification, Flooding, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Wind, | No |
gelati monasteryGelati Monastery | georgia |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: General need for interior and exterior conservation work on the monuments |
No |
gobekli tepeGöbekli Tepe | turkiye |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, | No |
great burkhan khaldun mountain and its surrounding sacred landscapeGreat Burkhan Khaldun Mountain and its surrounding sacred landscape | mongolia |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
gusuku sites and related properties of the kingdom of ryukyuGusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu | japan |
2021 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
hatraHatra | iraq |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Major looting of Iraqi archaeological sites |
Yes |
hebron/al-khalil old townHebron/Al-Khalil Old Town | state of palestine |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Absence of Statement of Outstanding Universal Value at the time of inscription |
Yes |
hill forts of rajasthanHill Forts of Rajasthan | india |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Industrial areas,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Mining,
Other Threats: Vulnerabilities of certain individual structures within the forts requiring short-term conservation actions |
No |
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul | turkiye |
2021 | Commercial development,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: decay and loss of Ottoman/vernacular architecture |
No |
historic cairoHistoric Cairo | egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Dilapidated infrastructure; Neglect and lack of maintenance |
No |
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara | uzbekistan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: degradation of traditional houses |
No |
historic centre of limaHistoric Centre of Lima | peru |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of macaoHistoric Centre of Macao | china |
2021 | Housing, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of pragueHistoric Centre of Prague | czechia |
2021 | Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of shakhrisyabzHistoric Centre of Shakhrisyabz | uzbekistan |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Demolition and re-building of traditional housing areas |
Yes |
historic centre of sheki with the khan’s palaceHistoric Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace | azerbaijan |
2021 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of the city of salzburgHistoric Centre of the City of Salzburg | austria |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic centre of viennaHistoric Centre of Vienna | austria |
2021 | Housing,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Other Threats: Desirability of conservation of historic roof constructions within the property |
Yes |
historic centres of berat and gjirokastraHistoric Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra | albania |
2021 | Governance,
Ground transport infrastructure,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Lack of adequate fire fighting arrangements in the historic urban zone |
No |
historic city of ahmadabadHistoric City of Ahmadabad | india |
2021 | Commercial development, Housing, Human resources, Low impact research / monitoring activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic ensemble of the potala palace, lhasaHistoric Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa | china |
2021 | Commercial development, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic inner city of paramariboHistoric Inner City of Paramaribo | suriname |
2021 | Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic jeddah, the gate to makkahHistoric Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah | saudi arabia |
2021 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: High rate of decay of the historic houses |
No |
historic quarter of the seaport city of valparaisoHistoric Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso | chile |
2021 | Commercial development, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
historic town of grand-bassamHistoric Town of Grand-Bassam | cote d'ivoire |
2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid | yemen |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
historical centre of the city of arequipaHistorical Centre of the City of Arequipa | peru |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
historical monuments at makli, thattaHistorical Monuments at Makli, Thatta | pakistan |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Earthquake,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Stability of the foundations (earth mechanics) of the Jam Nizamuddin tomb |
No |
historical monuments of mtskhetaHistorical Monuments of Mtskheta | georgia |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
humberstone and santa laura saltpeter worksHumberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works | chile |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Wind,
Other Threats: Extremely fragile nature of the industrial buildings; Lack of maintenance over the past 40 years. |
No |
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique | mozambique |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other climate change impacts,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings |
No |
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis | senegal |
2021 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants |
No |
itchan kalaItchan Kala | uzbekistan |
2021 | Management activities, | No |
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers | algeria |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley | nepal |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Earthquake, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost | russian federation |
2021 | Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Structural integrity issues at the Church of the Transfiguration |
No |
koutammakou, the land of the batammaribaKoutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba | benin,togo |
2021 | Financial resources,
Forestry /wood production,
Housing,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Emergence of new forms of construction; Destruction of several Sikien during the 2018 rainy season |
No |
krzemionki prehistoric striped flint mining regionKrzemionki Prehistoric Striped Flint Mining Region | poland |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, Mining, | No |
ksar of ait-ben-haddouKsar of Ait-Ben-Haddou | morocco |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
kyiv: saint-sophia cathedral and related monastic buildings, kyiv-pechersk lavraKyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra | ukraine |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lamu old townLamu Old Town | kenya |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Non-renewable energy facilities,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
No |
landscape for breeding and training of ceremonial carriage horses at kladruby nad labemLandscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses at Kladruby nad Labem | czechia |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Non-renewable energy facilities, | No |
liverpool – maritime mercantile cityLiverpool – Maritime Mercantile City | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Commercial development, Governance, High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | Yes |
lower valley of the omoLower Valley of the Omo | ethiopia |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Industrial areas, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
lumbini, the birthplace of the lord buddhaLumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha | nepal |
2021 | Air pollution, Commercial development, Housing, Industrial areas, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, | No |
mausoleum of khoja ahmed yasawiMausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi | kazakhstan |
2021 | Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
medieval monuments in kosovoMedieval Monuments in Kosovo | serbia |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property |
Yes |
medina of sousseMedina of Sousse | tunisia |
2021 | No | |
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Housing, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur | egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Urban encroachment |
No |
minaret and archaeological remains of jamMinaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam | afghanistan |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Illegal activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Inclination of the Minaret |
Yes |
mountain railways of indiaMountain Railways of India | india |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
nan madol: ceremonial centre of eastern micronesiaNan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia | micronesia (federated states of) |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
national history park – citadel, sans souci, ramiersNational History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers | haiti |
2021 | Earthquake, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor | montenegro |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Land conversion, Legal framework, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
old city of dubrovnikOld City of Dubrovnik | croatia |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls | jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) | 2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Governance,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments; Urban environment and visual integrity; Impact of archaeological excavations |
Yes |
old city of sana'aOld City of Sana'a | yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Desertification,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
War,
Other Threats: Functional decay of the residential neighborhoods; Physical damage and instability of buildings; Problems with the network for the evacuation of rainwater |
Yes |
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications | sri lanka |
2021 | Commercial development, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
old town of ghadamesOld Town of Ghadamès | libya |
2021 | War,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Fires |
Yes |
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné | mali |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Housing,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: Deterioration of dwellings |
Yes |
old walled city of shibamOld Walled City of Shibam | yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest, Financial resources, Flooding, Human resources, War, Water (rain/water table), | Yes |
osun-osogbo sacred groveOsun-Osogbo Sacred Grove | nigeria |
2021 | Fire (widlfires),
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Fragility of spiritual, symbolic and ritual qualities of the Grove in the face of a growth in visitor numbers |
No |
ouadi qadisha (the holy valley) and the forest of the cedars of god (horsh arz el-rab)Ouadi Qadisha (the Holy Valley) and the Forest of the Cedars of God (Horsh Arz el-Rab) | lebanon |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Degradation of the mural paintings and buildings |
No |
palace of westminster and westminster abbey including saint margaret’s churchPalace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
palestine: land of olives and vines – cultural landscape of southern jerusalem, battirPalestine: Land of Olives and Vines – Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir | state of palestine |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: Potential construction of a separation fence (wall) |
Yes |
pampulha modern ensemblePampulha Modern Ensemble | brazil |
2021 | Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
paris, banks of the seineParis, Banks of the Seine | france |
2021 |
Other Threats: Fire |
No |
petraPetra | jordan |
2021 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, | No |
port, fortresses and group of monuments, cartagenaPort, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena | colombia |
2021 | Commercial development, Governance, Housing, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
precolumbian chiefdom settlements with stone spheres of the diquisPrecolumbian Chiefdom Settlements with Stone Spheres of the Diquís | costa rica |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Financial resources, Governance, Housing, Human resources, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun | bahrain |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, | No |
qhapaq nan, andean road systemQhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System | argentina,bolivia (plurinational state of),chile,colombia,ecuador,peru |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
quebrada de humahuacaQuebrada de Humahuaca | argentina |
2021 | Crop production, Flooding, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
rabat, modern capital and historic city: a shared heritageRabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage | morocco |
2021 | Housing,
Other Threats: Major urban projects |
No |
rangiri dambulla cave templeRangiri Dambulla Cave Temple | sri lanka |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Pests,
Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Continued deterioration of the paintings; General deterioration of the Golden Temple |
No |
rice terraces of the philippine cordillerasRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras | philippines |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Financial resources, Human resources, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
rock art in the hail region of saudi arabiaRock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia | saudi arabia |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
rock-art sites of tadrart acacusRock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus | libya |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Human resources, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela | ethiopia |
2021 | Earthquake,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Impact of the four temporary shelters constructed in 2008; Demolition of most of the traditional “tukul” dwellings |
No |
royal building of mafra – palace, basilica, convent, cerco garden and hunting park (tapada)Royal Building of Mafra – Palace, Basilica, Convent, Cerco Garden and Hunting Park (Tapada) | portugal |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey | benin |
2021 | Governance,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire at the site |
No |
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric |
No |
samarkand – crossroad of culturesSamarkand – Crossroad of Cultures | uzbekistan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Conservation of urban fabric |
No |
samarra archaeological citySamarra Archaeological City | iraq |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Other Threats: Weathering and lack of maintenance affecting the fragile structures |
Yes |
sanctuary of bom jesus do monte in bragaSanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga | portugal |
2021 | Legal framework,
Low impact research / monitoring activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to remove the terrace bar |
No |
sassanid archaeological landscape of fars regionSassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Several serial components at risk of collapse or in a condition of serious deterioration |
No |
silk roads: the routes network of chang'an-tianshan corridorSilk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor | china,kazakhstan,kyrgyzstan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Comparative fragility of many sites |
No |
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra | syrian arab republic |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Localised utilities,
Major linear utilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks |
Yes |
sites of japan’s meiji industrial revolution: iron and steel, shipbuilding and coal miningSites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining | japan |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, | No |
stone town of zanzibarStone Town of Zanzibar | united republic of tanzania |
2021 | Commercial development,
Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness |
No |
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites | united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
sukur cultural landscapeSukur Cultural Landscape | nigeria |
2021 | Civil unrest, Illegal activities, | No |
susaSusa | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Commercial development, Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts, Water (rain/water table), | No |
tarnowskie gory lead-silver-zinc mine and its underground water management systemTarnowskie Góry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System | poland |
2021 | Legal framework, Water (rain/water table), | No |
temple zone of sambor prei kuk, archaeological site of ancient ishanapuraTemple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura | cambodia |
2021 | Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Risk of collapse of some temples |
No |
the architectural work of le corbusier, an outstanding contribution to the modern movementThe Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement | argentina,belgium,france,germany,india,japan,switzerland |
2021 | Governance, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
the great wallThe Great Wall | china |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Underground transport infrastructure, | No |
the persian qanatThe Persian Qanat | iran (islamic republic of) |
2021 | Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
thimlich ohinga archaeological siteThimlich Ohinga Archaeological Site | kenya |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan, | No |
timbuktuTimbuktu | mali |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tipasaTipasa | algeria |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains |
No |
tiwanaku: spiritual and political centre of the tiwanaku cultureTiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture | bolivia (plurinational state of) |
2021 | Governance, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
tomb of askiaTomb of Askia | mali |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
tombs of buganda kings at kasubiTombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi | uganda |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fire |
Yes |
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang | lao people's democratic republic |
2021 | Air transport infrastructure, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
tyreTyre | lebanon |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
um er-rasas (kastrom mefa'a)Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) | jordan |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unstable structures and lack of security |
No |
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley | germany |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Input of excess energy, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
vat phou and associated ancient settlements within the champasak cultural landscapeVat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements within the Champasak Cultural Landscape | lao people's democratic republic |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
venetian works of defence between the 16th and 17th centuries: stato da terra – western stato da marVenetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar | croatia,italy,montenegro |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
venice and its lagoonVenice and its Lagoon | italy |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Governance,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other climate change impacts,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Climate change and severe weather events / Climate Change impacts on the lagoon ecology and built fabric |
No |
zuojiang huashan rock art cultural landscapeZuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape | china |
2021 | Forestry /wood production, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, | No |
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.