State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 258 Illegal activities 187 Mining 111 Land conversion 106 Housing 83 Civil unrest 83 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 82 Ground transport infrastructure 67 War 64 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 59 Financial resources 59 Management activities 49 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 48 Human resources 47 Water infrastructure 45 Oil and gas 45 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 42 Solid waste 33 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 31 Governance 31 Legal framework 30 Fire (widlfires) 29 Water (rain/water table) 28 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 28 Forestry /wood production 27 Interpretative and visitation facilities 25 Surface water pollution 24 Deliberate destruction of heritage 23 Drought 19 Major linear utilities 17 Other climate change impacts 15 Subsistence hunting 14 Commercial hunting 13 Crop production 13 Invasive / alien freshwater species 12 Industrial areas 10 Air transport infrastructure 10 Marine transport infrastructure 10 Water (extraction) 10 Commercial development 9 Ground water pollution 9 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 9 Translocated species 9 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Air pollution 5 Wind 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Relative humidity 3 Terrorism 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Earthquake 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1