State of Conservation
48
Reports
48
Properties concerned
15
States Parties with SOC reports
Date Start:
2021close
Date end:2021close
Region:
Arab Statesclose
| Site | State Party | Year | Threats* | Danger List |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abu menaAbu Mena | egypt Egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Encroachments within the property and inappropriate recent constructions; Lack of engagement with local communities and other stakeholders |
Yes |
| ancient city of aleppoAncient City of Aleppo | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, War, | Yes |
| ancient city of bosraAncient City of Bosra | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2021 | Housing, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
| ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Housing,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Society's valuing of heritage,
War,
Other Threats: fire |
Yes |
| ancient thebes with its necropolisAncient Thebes with its Necropolis | egypt Egypt |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Housing,
Human resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Natural decay and structural problems Major infrastructure and development projects Uncontrolled urban development |
No |
| ancient villages of northern syriaAncient Villages of Northern Syria | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2021 | Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
| archaeological site of carthageArchaeological Site of Carthage | tunisia Tunisia |
2021 | Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| archaeological site of cyreneArchaeological Site of Cyrene | libya Libya |
2021 | Crop production, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Fire (widlfires), Governance, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution, War, | Yes |
| archaeological site of leptis magnaArchaeological Site of Leptis Magna | libya Libya |
2021 | Desertification,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stone masonry; Sand covering certain areas of the property; Graffiti and fires |
Yes |
| archaeological site of sabrathaArchaeological Site of Sabratha | libya Libya |
2021 | Housing,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Land conversion,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: Excessive vegetation growth; Impact of humidity and seawater salt on stone masonry |
Yes |
| ashur (qal'at sherqat)Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) | iraq Iraq |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Fragile mud brick structures |
Yes |
| babylonBabylon | iraq Iraq |
2021 | Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park | mauritania Mauritania |
2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Illegal activities, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Oil and gas, Renewable energy facilities, | No |
| baptism site “bethany beyond the jordan” (al-maghtas)Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) | jordan Jordan |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Buildings and Development (lack of design and construction guidelines) Preservation of important vistas and sightlines of the property |
No |
| birthplace of jesus: church of the nativity and the pilgrimage route, bethlehemBirthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem | state of palestine State of Palestine |
2021 | Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Degradation of the architectural complex of the Church of the Nativity |
No |
| byblosByblos | lebanon Lebanon |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Housing, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| crac des chevaliers and qal’at salah el-dinCrac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2021 | Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Quarrying, War, | Yes |
| erbil citadelErbil Citadel | iraq Iraq |
2021 | Legal framework,
Other Threats: Slopes of the archaeological mound non stabilized |
No |
| gebel barkal and the sites of the napatan regionGebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region | sudan Sudan |
2021 | Desertification, Flooding, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Wind, | No |
| hatraHatra | iraq Iraq |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Illegal activities,
War,
Other Threats: Major looting of Iraqi archaeological sites |
Yes |
| hebron/al-khalil old townHebron/Al-Khalil Old Town | state of palestine State of Palestine |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Absence of Statement of Outstanding Universal Value at the time of inscription |
Yes |
| historic cairoHistoric Cairo | egypt Egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Dilapidated infrastructure; Neglect and lack of maintenance |
No |
| historic jeddah, the gate to makkahHistoric Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah | saudi arabia Saudi Arabia |
2021 | Housing,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: High rate of decay of the historic houses |
No |
| historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid | yemen Yemen |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Financial resources, Housing, Human resources, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan, | Yes |
| kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers | algeria Algeria |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, | No |
| ksar of ait-ben-haddouKsar of Ait-Ben-Haddou | morocco Morocco |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Flooding, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Society's valuing of heritage, | No |
| medina of sousseMedina of Sousse | tunisia Tunisia |
2021 | No | |
| memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur | egypt Egypt |
2021 | Housing,
Interpretative and visitation facilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Underground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Urban encroachment |
No |
| old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls | jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan) | 2021 | Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Governance,
High impact research / monitoring activities,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Natural risk factors; Deterioration of monuments; Urban environment and visual integrity; Impact of archaeological excavations |
Yes |
| old city of sana'aOld City of Sana'a | yemen Yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest,
Desertification,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Management activities,
War,
Other Threats: Functional decay of the residential neighborhoods; Physical damage and instability of buildings; Problems with the network for the evacuation of rainwater |
Yes |
| old town of ghadamesOld Town of Ghadamès | libya Libya |
2021 | War,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Fires |
Yes |
| old walled city of shibamOld Walled City of Shibam | yemen Yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest, Financial resources, Flooding, Human resources, War, Water (rain/water table), | Yes |
| ouadi qadisha (the holy valley) and the forest of the cedars of god (horsh arz el-rab)Ouadi Qadisha (the Holy Valley) and the Forest of the Cedars of God (Horsh Arz el-Rab) | lebanon Lebanon |
2021 | Financial resources,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Land conversion,
Legal framework,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Degradation of the mural paintings and buildings |
No |
| palestine: land of olives and vines – cultural landscape of southern jerusalem, battirPalestine: Land of Olives and Vines – Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir | state of palestine State of Palestine |
2021 | Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
Other Threats: Potential construction of a separation fence (wall) |
Yes |
| petraPetra | jordan Jordan |
2021 | Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Land conversion, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, | No |
| qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun | bahrain Bahrain |
2021 | Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, | No |
| rabat, modern capital and historic city: a shared heritageRabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage | morocco Morocco |
2021 | Housing,
Other Threats: Major urban projects |
No |
| rock art in the hail region of saudi arabiaRock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia | saudi arabia Saudi Arabia |
2021 | Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Localised utilities, Management systems/ management plan, Water infrastructure, | No |
| rock-art sites of tadrart acacusRock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus | libya Libya |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage, Human resources, Illegal activities, War, | Yes |
| samarra archaeological citySamarra Archaeological City | iraq Iraq |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
War,
Other Threats: Weathering and lack of maintenance affecting the fragile structures |
Yes |
| sanganeb marine national park and dungonab bay – mukkawar island marine national parkSanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay – Mukkawar Island Marine National Park | sudan Sudan |
2021 | Financial resources,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to establish a code of conduct including formal rules and regulations for all dive operators |
No |
| site of palmyraSite of Palmyra | syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Financial resources,
Ground transport infrastructure,
Housing,
Illegal activities,
Localised utilities,
Major linear utilities,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Relative humidity,
War,
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks |
Yes |
| socotra archipelagoSocotra Archipelago | yemen Yemen |
2021 | Civil unrest, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Governance, Ground transport infrastructure, Invasive / alien marine species, Legal framework, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Storms, | No |
| the ahwar of southern iraq: refuge of biodiversity and the relict landscape of the mesopotamian citiesThe Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities | iraq Iraq |
2021 | Legal framework,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Highly unstable conservation conditions of the archaeological sites |
No |
| tipasaTipasa | algeria Algeria |
2021 | Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Human resources,
Illegal activities,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management activities,
Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Unsuitable restoration techniques, and poor conservation conditions for the archaeological remains |
No |
| tyreTyre | lebanon Lebanon |
2021 | Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), | No |
| um er-rasas (kastrom mefa'a)Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) | jordan Jordan |
2021 | Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Unstable structures and lack of security |
No |
| wadi rum protected areaWadi Rum Protected Area | jordan Jordan |
2021 | Financial resources, Governance, Housing, Human resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, | No |
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
