State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 343 Illegal activities 282 Mining 163 Land conversion 151 Housing 124 Civil unrest 124 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 123 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 95 War 95 Financial resources 93 Ground transport infrastructure 86 Human resources 84 Management activities 74 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 67 Water infrastructure 65 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 55 Oil and gas 55 Solid waste 54 Legal framework 47 Water (rain/water table) 41 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 41 Fire (widlfires) 40 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 39 Governance 35 Surface water pollution 32 Forestry /wood production 31 Interpretative and visitation facilities 28 Deliberate destruction of heritage 28 Drought 28 Crop production 23 Major linear utilities 20 Commercial hunting 20 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Water (extraction) 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Invasive / alien freshwater species 17 Industrial areas 16 Subsistence hunting 16 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 16 Translocated species 15 Air transport infrastructure 10 Commercial development 9 Air pollution 9 Ground water pollution 9 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 9 Relative humidity 8 Society's valuing of heritage 6 Flooding 6 Earthquake 6 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Input of excess energy 2 Terrorism 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1