State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 243 Illegal activities 174 Mining 104 Land conversion 101 Housing 80 Civil unrest 78 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 75 Ground transport infrastructure 66 War 58 Financial resources 57 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 55 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 51 Water infrastructure 45 Management activities 45 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 44 Human resources 44 Oil and gas 43 Solid waste 32 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 31 Governance 30 Legal framework 30 Forestry /wood production 27 Fire (widlfires) 27 Water (rain/water table) 26 Surface water pollution 25 Interpretative and visitation facilities 24 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 24 Deliberate destruction of heritage 19 Drought 19 Major linear utilities 18 Other climate change impacts 15 Commercial hunting 13 Crop production 13 Subsistence hunting 13 Invasive / alien freshwater species 12 Air transport infrastructure 11 Water (extraction) 11 Commercial development 9 Marine transport infrastructure 9 Industrial areas 8 Ground water pollution 8 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 8 Translocated species 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Air pollution 6 Wind 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Relative humidity 3 Terrorism 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Earthquake 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1