State of Conservation

States Parties

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 458 Housing 307 Management activities 188 War 134 Illegal activities 115 Deliberate destruction of heritage 107 Land conversion 101 Ground transport infrastructure 98 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 95 Water (rain/water table) 92 Human resources 92 Legal framework 88 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 80 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 70 Flooding 60 Financial resources 59 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 55 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 54 Governance 48 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 43 Solid waste 42 Interpretative and visitation facilities 40 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 40 Water infrastructure 39 Commercial development 28 Relative humidity 25 Civil unrest 25 Localised utilities 24 Desertification 23 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 22 Oil and gas 21 High impact research / monitoring activities 20 Marine transport infrastructure 19 Quarrying 17 Crop production 16 Major linear utilities 14 Air pollution 13 Surface water pollution 13 Wind 13 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 13 Underground transport infrastructure 12 Society's valuing of heritage 10 Invasive / alien marine species 9 Subsistence hunting 8 Mining 7 Earthquake 7 Renewable energy facilities 6 Storms 6 Temperature 5 Fire (widlfires) 5 Military training 3 Ground water pollution 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Input of excess energy 1 Pollution of marine waters 1 Water (extraction) 1 Micro-organisms 1 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 1 Temperature change 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1