State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 424 Illegal activities 356 Mining 192 Land conversion 188 Civil unrest 162 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 146 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 139 Housing 136 Financial resources 124 War 117 Human resources 116 Ground transport infrastructure 100 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 81 Management activities 76 Water infrastructure 72 Solid waste 62 Legal framework 61 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 59 Oil and gas 58 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 49 Water (rain/water table) 45 Fire (widlfires) 45 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 44 Forestry /wood production 38 Governance 35 Surface water pollution 33 Crop production 32 Interpretative and visitation facilities 31 Drought 30 Deliberate destruction of heritage 28 Commercial hunting 27 Subsistence hunting 23 Invasive / alien freshwater species 22 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 21 Major linear utilities 20 Water (extraction) 19 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Industrial areas 16 Translocated species 16 Air transport infrastructure 10 Air pollution 10 Flooding 10 Relative humidity 9 Commercial development 8 Ground water pollution 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Earthquake 6 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 5 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Wind 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Avalanche/ landslide 3 Terrorism 2 Storms 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1