State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 452 Illegal activities 388 Mining 203 Land conversion 198 Civil unrest 172 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 154 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 150 Housing 143 Financial resources 137 War 123 Human resources 120 Ground transport infrastructure 111 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 82 Management activities 79 Water infrastructure 72 Solid waste 68 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 62 Legal framework 61 Oil and gas 58 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 51 Water (rain/water table) 48 Fire (widlfires) 46 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 44 Forestry /wood production 41 Governance 35 Surface water pollution 33 Interpretative and visitation facilities 32 Crop production 32 Commercial hunting 30 Drought 30 Deliberate destruction of heritage 28 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 24 Subsistence hunting 23 Invasive / alien freshwater species 23 Major linear utilities 20 Water (extraction) 19 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Industrial areas 16 Translocated species 16 Air transport infrastructure 10 Air pollution 10 Flooding 10 Relative humidity 9 Commercial development 8 Ground water pollution 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Earthquake 6 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 5 Storms 5 Wind 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Terrorism 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
