State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Ghana Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mozambique Niger Senegal Seychelles South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 215 Management systems/ management plan 211 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 101 Financial resources 98 Mining 87 Civil unrest 85 Land conversion 79 Human resources 62 Ground transport infrastructure 58 War 55 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 53 Housing 43 Water (rain/water table) 30 Solid waste 29 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 28 Legal framework 27 Water infrastructure 25 Crop production 23 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 23 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 20 Management activities 19 Forestry /wood production 17 Commercial hunting 13 Fire (widlfires) 12 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 11 Invasive / alien freshwater species 10 Subsistence hunting 9 Storms 9 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 9 Oil and gas 8 Interpretative and visitation facilities 7 Flooding 7 Surface water pollution 6 Wind 6 Water (extraction) 5 Relative humidity 4 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 4 Desertification 4 Drought 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Translocated species 4 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 3 Air pollution 3 Input of excess energy 3 Deliberate destruction of heritage 3 Marine transport infrastructure 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Governance 2 Industrial areas 1 Air transport infrastructure 1 Pests 1 Society's valuing of heritage 1 Other climate change impacts 1 Earthquake 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.