State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 340 Illegal activities 281 Mining 163 Land conversion 150 Housing 123 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 123 Civil unrest 123 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 95 War 94 Financial resources 92 Ground transport infrastructure 85 Human resources 84 Management activities 74 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 67 Water infrastructure 65 Oil and gas 55 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 54 Solid waste 52 Legal framework 46 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 41 Water (rain/water table) 40 Fire (widlfires) 40 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 39 Governance 35 Surface water pollution 32 Forestry /wood production 31 Drought 28 Interpretative and visitation facilities 27 Deliberate destruction of heritage 27 Crop production 23 Major linear utilities 20 Commercial hunting 20 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Water (extraction) 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Invasive / alien freshwater species 17 Industrial areas 16 Subsistence hunting 16 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 16 Translocated species 15 Air transport infrastructure 10 Air pollution 9 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 9 Commercial development 8 Ground water pollution 8 Relative humidity 8 Society's valuing of heritage 6 Flooding 6 Earthquake 6 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Wind 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Input of excess energy 2 Terrorism 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1