State of Conservation

States Parties

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 297 Housing 183 Management activities 125 Illegal activities 71 Water (rain/water table) 66 Ground transport infrastructure 62 Deliberate destruction of heritage 62 Land conversion 57 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 55 Legal framework 54 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 51 Human resources 51 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 42 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 39 War 36 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 36 Flooding 35 Water infrastructure 33 Solid waste 32 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 31 Financial resources 28 Governance 25 Commercial development 22 Interpretative and visitation facilities 19 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 19 Oil and gas 18 Air pollution 17 Marine transport infrastructure 15 Relative humidity 14 High impact research / monitoring activities 14 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 13 Subsistence hunting 12 Localised utilities 11 Crop production 10 Major linear utilities 8 Wind 8 Desertification 8 Underground transport infrastructure 7 Surface water pollution 7 Civil unrest 6 Quarrying 5 Temperature 5 Society's valuing of heritage 5 Earthquake 5 Renewable energy facilities 3 Mining 3 Invasive / alien marine species 3 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 3 Ground water pollution 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Storms 2 Input of excess energy 1 Water (extraction) 1 Micro-organisms 1 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 1 Military training 1 Temperature change 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1