State of Conservation

States Parties

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 445 Housing 294 Management activities 173 War 134 Illegal activities 111 Deliberate destruction of heritage 105 Land conversion 99 Ground transport infrastructure 91 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 91 Human resources 89 Water (rain/water table) 87 Legal framework 82 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 78 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 64 Financial resources 59 Flooding 58 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 54 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 52 Governance 47 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 42 Interpretative and visitation facilities 40 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 39 Water infrastructure 38 Solid waste 38 Civil unrest 25 Commercial development 24 Relative humidity 23 Desertification 23 Localised utilities 22 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 22 Oil and gas 21 High impact research / monitoring activities 19 Marine transport infrastructure 18 Quarrying 17 Crop production 16 Major linear utilities 13 Surface water pollution 13 Wind 13 Underground transport infrastructure 12 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 12 Air pollution 11 Society's valuing of heritage 10 Invasive / alien marine species 9 Subsistence hunting 7 Mining 7 Renewable energy facilities 6 Storms 6 Earthquake 5 Fire (widlfires) 5 Temperature 4 Military training 3 Ground water pollution 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Input of excess energy 1 Pollution of marine waters 1 Water (extraction) 1 Micro-organisms 1 Temperature change 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1