State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 398 Illegal activities 326 Mining 181 Land conversion 173 Civil unrest 153 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 143 Housing 130 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 125 War 114 Financial resources 112 Human resources 103 Ground transport infrastructure 92 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 77 Management activities 77 Water infrastructure 69 Solid waste 63 Oil and gas 58 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 57 Legal framework 55 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 50 Water (rain/water table) 46 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 44 Fire (widlfires) 43 Forestry /wood production 36 Governance 36 Surface water pollution 34 Crop production 31 Interpretative and visitation facilities 30 Deliberate destruction of heritage 29 Drought 29 Commercial hunting 22 Subsistence hunting 21 Invasive / alien freshwater species 21 Major linear utilities 20 Water (extraction) 19 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Industrial areas 16 Translocated species 16 Air transport infrastructure 10 Air pollution 10 Flooding 10 Commercial development 9 Ground water pollution 9 Relative humidity 9 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Earthquake 6 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 3 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Terrorism 3 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1