State of Conservation

States Parties

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 441 Housing 291 Management activities 168 War 134 Illegal activities 109 Deliberate destruction of heritage 104 Land conversion 98 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 89 Human resources 88 Ground transport infrastructure 86 Water (rain/water table) 85 Legal framework 81 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 80 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 62 Financial resources 58 Flooding 56 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 52 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 52 Governance 48 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 41 Interpretative and visitation facilities 40 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 40 Water infrastructure 37 Solid waste 36 Civil unrest 25 Desertification 23 Commercial development 22 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 22 Relative humidity 22 Localised utilities 21 Oil and gas 21 High impact research / monitoring activities 20 Marine transport infrastructure 18 Quarrying 17 Crop production 16 Surface water pollution 13 Wind 13 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 13 Underground transport infrastructure 12 Major linear utilities 12 Society's valuing of heritage 10 Air pollution 9 Invasive / alien marine species 9 Mining 7 Renewable energy facilities 6 Subsistence hunting 6 Storms 6 Earthquake 5 Fire (widlfires) 5 Temperature 3 Military training 3 Ground water pollution 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Input of excess energy 1 Pollution of marine waters 1 Water (extraction) 1 Micro-organisms 1 Temperature change 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1