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Note 4

Guiding questions to identify the characteristics of impacts related to wind energy projects

The following table may assist also in the preparation of the scoping report

Attribute of impacts

Prompt question

Examples

Magnitude

Which changes will occur?

A measurable estimate

e.g.

  • CO2 emissions during construction
  • Hectares of land cleared for the installation of wind turbines

Direction

Is the possible impact negative or positive?

Positive

Negative

Characteristic

What kind of impact is foreseen from the project?

Is it a direct or indirect impact?

Are there overlapping impacts?

Will cumulative impacts occur?

Extent

In which area will the impact take place and what will be the extent of the impact on that area?

A measurable estimate

e.g.

  • Area of habitat cleared
  • Hectares of land cleared for the installation of wind turbines
  • Degree of visual changes (quantitative and qualitative)

 

Duration

How long will the impact last?

Short- and medium term

e.g.

  • mpacts happening in the construction phase
  • impacts happen seasonally

Long-term

e.g.

  • decreased or increased marine biodiversity
  • impacts on key vistas and panoramas
  • shadow flickering

Permanent

e.g.

  • impacts of wind turbines foundation for archaeological sites underneath

Frequency

How often will this impact occur?

Once

(e.g., during construction of the wind farm)

Occasionally

(e.g., only during migratory period of birds or breeding season of specific species) 󠅦 Intermittent frequent or periodical

(e.g., at certain times of the day, like night lights; when wind is sufficient to move the rotor of the wind turbines)

Continuously

(e.g., visual impact of turbines and ancillary facilities)

Reversibility

Can this impact be reversed?

Naturally reversible

(e.g., the temporary loss of vegetation during the construction phase that will fully recover in a relatively short period of time after the construction phase is over)

Partially reversible through human intervention (e.g., deconstruction of the wind turbines and ancillary infrastructure with full rehabilitation of the environment)

Irreversible

(e.g., like excavation of archaeological sites during the construction of the wind energy infrastructures)

Likelihood

How likely will this impact occur?

Possible

e.g.

  • Loss of landscape features

Probable

e.g.

  • Some level of visual impact derived from wind turbines

Definite

e.g.

  • Some extent of noise pollution and infrasound
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