State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 475 Illegal activities 410 Mining 214 Land conversion 208 Civil unrest 181 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 163 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 159 Housing 149 Financial resources 148 War 130 Human resources 124 Ground transport infrastructure 121 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 87 Management activities 83 Water infrastructure 77 Solid waste 72 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 68 Legal framework 66 Oil and gas 62 Water (rain/water table) 52 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 52 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 49 Fire (widlfires) 48 Forestry /wood production 45 Surface water pollution 38 Governance 37 Interpretative and visitation facilities 35 Crop production 33 Drought 32 Commercial hunting 31 Deliberate destruction of heritage 30 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 26 Subsistence hunting 25 Invasive / alien freshwater species 24 Major linear utilities 21 Water (extraction) 20 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Translocated species 17 Industrial areas 16 Air transport infrastructure 11 Air pollution 11 Commercial development 10 Ground water pollution 10 Flooding 10 Relative humidity 9 Society's valuing of heritage 8 Wind 6 Storms 6 Earthquake 6 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 5 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Terrorism 3 Volcanic eruption 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Desertification 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
