State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Gabon Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Niger Senegal South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 177 Management systems/ management plan 123 Mining 112 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 86 Land conversion 80 Civil unrest 76 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 55 Water infrastructure 47 Oil and gas 46 Ground transport infrastructure 43 War 41 Financial resources 32 Human resources 27 Forestry /wood production 25 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 25 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 25 Fire (widlfires) 24 Drought 22 Governance 21 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 15 Major linear utilities 15 Housing 14 Commercial hunting 14 Subsistence hunting 14 Management activities 14 Surface water pollution 13 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 13 Invasive / alien freshwater species 12 Water (extraction) 11 Other climate change impacts 11 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 10 Translocated species 10 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Air pollution 6 Solid waste 6 Air transport infrastructure 5 Crop production 4 Terrorism 3 Legal framework 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Renewable energy facilities 2 Deliberate destruction of heritage 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.