State of Conservation

States Parties

Albania Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Canada Croatia Czechia Denmark France Germany Hungary Italy Montenegro North Macedonia Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Slovenia Spain Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United States of America

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 131 Surface water pollution 75 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 70 Mining 61 Illegal activities 59 Ground transport infrastructure 56 Water infrastructure 49 Housing 43 Forestry /wood production 38 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 34 Oil and gas 34 Major linear utilities 32 Legal framework 31 Water (extraction) 23 Renewable energy facilities 22 Crop production 19 Storms 18 Invasive / alien freshwater species 18 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 15 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 15 Industrial areas 14 Ground water pollution 13 Localised utilities 12 Pollution of marine waters 12 Financial resources 11 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 10 Fire (widlfires) 10 Air pollution 9 Land conversion 9 Quarrying 8 Interpretative and visitation facilities 6 Marine transport infrastructure 6 Input of excess energy 6 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 6 Non-renewable energy facilities 5 Water (rain/water table) 5 War 5 Temperature change 4 Human resources 4 Management activities 4 Commercial development 3 Subsistence hunting 3 Air transport infrastructure 2 Solid waste 2 Commercial hunting 2 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 1 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 1