State of Conservation

States Parties

Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Argentina Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Benin Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Canada Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Cyprus Czechia Democratic People's Republic of Korea Denmark Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Fiji France Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Guatemala Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Italy Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malaysia Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Netherlands (Kingdom of the) Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Republic of Korea Romania Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Slovakia South Africa Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sudan Suriname Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Thailand Togo Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United Republic of Tanzania United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Yemen Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 1525 Housing 1024 Management activities 414 Legal framework 361 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 343 Ground transport infrastructure 335 Deliberate destruction of heritage 228 Illegal activities 228 Land conversion 202 Human resources 200 Water (rain/water table) 188 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 186 Interpretative and visitation facilities 180 Financial resources 168 War 163 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 146 Commercial development 138 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 136 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 126 Solid waste 111 Flooding 100 Marine transport infrastructure 91 Governance 89 Civil unrest 88 Underground transport infrastructure 77 Earthquake 77 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 72 Water infrastructure 62 Society's valuing of heritage 50 Surface water pollution 49 Mining 49 High impact research / monitoring activities 49 Relative humidity 41 Wind 41 Air transport infrastructure 39 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 31 Industrial areas 30 Crop production 28 Quarrying 27 Localised utilities 25 Other climate change impacts 24 Major linear utilities 22 Storms 22 Desertification 21 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 19 Renewable energy facilities 15 Input of excess energy 14 Fire (widlfires) 14 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 14 Oil and gas 13 Air pollution 12 Ground water pollution 11 Micro-organisms 10 Non-renewable energy facilities 7 Temperature 6 Avalanche/ landslide 6 Forestry /wood production 5 Water (extraction) 5 Low impact research / monitoring activities 5 Pollution of marine waters 4 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 4 Pests 4 Military training 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Temperature change 2 Tsunami/tidal wave 2 Subsistence hunting 1 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Volcanic eruption 1 Hyper-abundant species 1