State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 231 Illegal activities 162 Mining 97 Land conversion 95 Housing 77 Civil unrest 72 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 69 Ground transport infrastructure 61 War 54 Financial resources 53 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 51 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 48 Management activities 44 Water infrastructure 41 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 41 Human resources 41 Oil and gas 39 Solid waste 31 Governance 29 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 28 Legal framework 28 Water (rain/water table) 25 Fire (widlfires) 25 Forestry /wood production 24 Interpretative and visitation facilities 23 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 23 Surface water pollution 21 Deliberate destruction of heritage 18 Drought 18 Major linear utilities 17 Other climate change impacts 15 Crop production 13 Commercial hunting 12 Subsistence hunting 11 Invasive / alien freshwater species 11 Air transport infrastructure 10 Water (extraction) 10 Commercial development 9 Marine transport infrastructure 9 Industrial areas 8 Ground water pollution 8 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 8 Translocated species 8 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 7 Society's valuing of heritage 6 Air pollution 5 Wind 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Relative humidity 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Earthquake 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Terrorism 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
