State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 270 Illegal activities 200 Mining 118 Land conversion 114 Housing 92 Civil unrest 88 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 86 War 70 Ground transport infrastructure 69 Financial resources 63 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 61 Management activities 55 Water infrastructure 50 Human resources 50 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 49 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 48 Oil and gas 47 Solid waste 37 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 33 Legal framework 33 Water (rain/water table) 31 Governance 31 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 30 Fire (widlfires) 29 Interpretative and visitation facilities 26 Forestry /wood production 26 Surface water pollution 24 Deliberate destruction of heritage 24 Drought 22 Major linear utilities 18 Other climate change impacts 16 Commercial hunting 14 Crop production 14 Subsistence hunting 13 Industrial areas 12 Marine transport infrastructure 11 Water (extraction) 11 Invasive / alien freshwater species 11 Air transport infrastructure 10 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 10 Translocated species 10 Commercial development 9 Ground water pollution 9 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 7 Air pollution 6 Society's valuing of heritage 6 Relative humidity 4 Wind 4 Earthquake 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Changes to oceanic waters 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Terrorism 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Flooding 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
