State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 313 Illegal activities 249 Mining 146 Land conversion 136 Housing 110 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 108 Civil unrest 108 Ground transport infrastructure 83 War 82 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 79 Financial resources 78 Human resources 66 Management activities 65 Water infrastructure 63 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 60 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 57 Oil and gas 56 Solid waste 44 Legal framework 42 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 41 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 36 Fire (widlfires) 36 Water (rain/water table) 35 Governance 35 Surface water pollution 32 Interpretative and visitation facilities 29 Forestry /wood production 29 Drought 28 Deliberate destruction of heritage 27 Major linear utilities 21 Commercial hunting 18 Crop production 18 Subsistence hunting 16 Other climate change impacts 16 Industrial areas 15 Marine transport infrastructure 15 Water (extraction) 15 Invasive / alien freshwater species 14 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 13 Translocated species 13 Air transport infrastructure 11 Commercial development 10 Ground water pollution 10 Air pollution 8 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Relative humidity 5 Earthquake 5 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Terrorism 3 Flooding 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
