State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 316 Illegal activities 254 Mining 149 Land conversion 138 Housing 111 Civil unrest 109 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 108 War 83 Financial resources 81 Ground transport infrastructure 80 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 80 Human resources 71 Management activities 68 Water infrastructure 61 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 59 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 54 Oil and gas 54 Solid waste 46 Legal framework 40 Water (rain/water table) 37 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 37 Fire (widlfires) 37 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 37 Governance 34 Surface water pollution 29 Forestry /wood production 28 Interpretative and visitation facilities 27 Deliberate destruction of heritage 27 Drought 26 Major linear utilities 20 Commercial hunting 19 Crop production 19 Other climate change impacts 17 Industrial areas 16 Marine transport infrastructure 16 Subsistence hunting 15 Water (extraction) 15 Invasive / alien freshwater species 15 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 14 Translocated species 13 Air transport infrastructure 10 Commercial development 9 Ground water pollution 9 Air pollution 7 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 7 Relative humidity 6 Society's valuing of heritage 6 Earthquake 6 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Flooding 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Terrorism 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
