State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Ghana Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mozambique Niger Senegal Seychelles South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 196 Management systems/ management plan 194 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 95 Financial resources 90 Civil unrest 78 Mining 76 Land conversion 70 Ground transport infrastructure 54 Human resources 53 War 50 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 45 Housing 38 Water (rain/water table) 27 Solid waste 26 Legal framework 26 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 24 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 23 Water infrastructure 22 Crop production 21 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 18 Forestry /wood production 15 Management activities 14 Commercial hunting 11 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 9 Storms 9 Fire (widlfires) 9 Subsistence hunting 8 Invasive / alien freshwater species 8 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 8 Interpretative and visitation facilities 7 Oil and gas 6 Wind 6 Flooding 6 Surface water pollution 4 Water (extraction) 4 Desertification 4 Drought 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 3 Air pollution 3 Input of excess energy 3 Relative humidity 3 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 3 Translocated species 3 Deliberate destruction of heritage 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Air transport infrastructure 1 Marine transport infrastructure 1 Pests 1 Society's valuing of heritage 1 Governance 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.