State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Gabon Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Niger Senegal South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 326 Management systems/ management plan 214 Mining 186 Civil unrest 153 Land conversion 150 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 143 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 117 War 91 Financial resources 80 Ground transport infrastructure 75 Water infrastructure 74 Human resources 66 Oil and gas 56 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 40 Fire (widlfires) 40 Forestry /wood production 38 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 35 Drought 31 Commercial hunting 28 Surface water pollution 25 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 24 Subsistence hunting 24 Housing 22 Governance 21 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 20 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 20 Invasive / alien freshwater species 20 Water (extraction) 19 Major linear utilities 18 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Translocated species 17 Crop production 16 Management activities 16 Other climate change impacts 12 Air pollution 11 Legal framework 11 Solid waste 7 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Air transport infrastructure 6 Deliberate destruction of heritage 4 Input of excess energy 3 Water (rain/water table) 3 Terrorism 3 Avalanche/ landslide 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Renewable energy facilities 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Ground water pollution 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.