State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Niger Senegal Seychelles South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 331 Management systems/ management plan 195 Mining 162 Civil unrest 145 Land conversion 127 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 125 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 109 Financial resources 92 War 87 Ground transport infrastructure 84 Water infrastructure 58 Human resources 54 Oil and gas 34 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 30 Fire (widlfires) 29 Forestry /wood production 27 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 23 Commercial hunting 22 Crop production 19 Drought 19 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 18 Housing 17 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 16 Subsistence hunting 16 Surface water pollution 15 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 15 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 13 Water (extraction) 12 Invasive / alien freshwater species 12 Translocated species 12 Management activities 11 Water (rain/water table) 10 Major linear utilities 8 Air pollution 7 Legal framework 7 Governance 5 Deliberate destruction of heritage 4 Other climate change impacts 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Air transport infrastructure 3 Input of excess energy 3 Solid waste 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Renewable energy facilities 2 Society's valuing of heritage 2 Volcanic eruption 2
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.