State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Côte d'Ivoire Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Madagascar Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 155 Housing 88 Solid waste 51 Management activities 43 Human resources 42 Financial resources 37 Water (rain/water table) 36 Legal framework 35 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 29 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 20 Land conversion 19 War 16 Interpretative and visitation facilities 14 Illegal activities 14 Marine transport infrastructure 13 Deliberate destruction of heritage 13 Industrial areas 12 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 12 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 11 Mining 10 Flooding 10 Storms 10 Governance 7 Ground transport infrastructure 6 Surface water pollution 6 Relative humidity 6 Wind 6 Oil and gas 4 Civil unrest 4 Desertification 4 Ground water pollution 3 Earthquake 3 Fire (widlfires) 3 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Water infrastructure 2 Crop production 2 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 2 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 2 Air transport infrastructure 1 Subsistence hunting 1 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Pests 1 Society's valuing of heritage 1 Changes to oceanic waters 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.