State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Côte d'Ivoire Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Madagascar Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 146 Housing 82 Solid waste 49 Human resources 41 Management activities 41 Financial resources 36 Legal framework 35 Water (rain/water table) 33 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 27 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 19 Land conversion 16 Illegal activities 14 War 14 Interpretative and visitation facilities 13 Marine transport infrastructure 12 Industrial areas 11 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 11 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 11 Deliberate destruction of heritage 11 Flooding 10 Storms 10 Mining 9 Relative humidity 6 Wind 6 Governance 6 Ground transport infrastructure 4 Surface water pollution 4 Oil and gas 4 Desertification 4 Civil unrest 3 Earthquake 3 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Ground water pollution 2 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 2 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 2 Fire (widlfires) 2 Water infrastructure 1 Crop production 1 Subsistence hunting 1 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Pests 1 Society's valuing of heritage 1 Changes to oceanic waters 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.