State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Senegal Seychelles South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 288 Management systems/ management plan 279 Mining 128 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 124 Financial resources 118 Civil unrest 115 Land conversion 113 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 84 Human resources 83 War 79 Ground transport infrastructure 73 Housing 72 Water infrastructure 42 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 42 Solid waste 41 Water (rain/water table) 39 Legal framework 38 Management activities 38 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 32 Crop production 27 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 23 Oil and gas 21 Fire (widlfires) 21 Forestry /wood production 19 Commercial hunting 18 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 17 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 15 Surface water pollution 12 Subsistence hunting 12 Drought 12 Invasive / alien freshwater species 12 Interpretative and visitation facilities 11 Deliberate destruction of heritage 11 Flooding 10 Storms 10 Water (extraction) 9 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 9 Industrial areas 8 Marine transport infrastructure 8 Translocated species 8 Relative humidity 6 Wind 6 Governance 6 Air pollution 5 Desertification 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 3 Major linear utilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Earthquake 3 Other climate change impacts 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Air transport infrastructure 1 Ground water pollution 1 Pests 1 Society's valuing of heritage 1 Changes to oceanic waters 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
