State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site 
Natural site 
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 296 Illegal activities 233 Mining 136 Land conversion 128 Housing 101 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 101 Civil unrest 101 Ground transport infrastructure 80 War 78 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 73 Financial resources 73 Management activities 61 Human resources 60 Water infrastructure 59 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 57 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 55 Oil and gas 54 Solid waste 40 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 39 Legal framework 38 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 34 Fire (widlfires) 34 Governance 34 Water (rain/water table) 33 Surface water pollution 30 Forestry /wood production 29 Interpretative and visitation facilities 28 Deliberate destruction of heritage 26 Drought 26 Major linear utilities 20 Crop production 17 Commercial hunting 16 Subsistence hunting 16 Other climate change impacts 16 Industrial areas 14 Invasive / alien freshwater species 14 Marine transport infrastructure 13 Water (extraction) 13 Translocated species 12 Air transport infrastructure 11 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 11 Commercial development 10 Ground water pollution 10 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Air pollution 7 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Relative humidity 4 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Earthquake 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Terrorism 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Flooding 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
