State of Conservation

States Parties

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 448 Housing 296 Management activities 177 War 134 Illegal activities 113 Deliberate destruction of heritage 106 Land conversion 99 Ground transport infrastructure 94 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 91 Human resources 90 Water (rain/water table) 89 Legal framework 83 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 78 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 66 Financial resources 59 Flooding 58 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 55 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 52 Governance 47 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 43 Interpretative and visitation facilities 40 Solid waste 40 Water infrastructure 39 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 39 Commercial development 25 Relative humidity 25 Civil unrest 25 Localised utilities 23 Desertification 23 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 22 Oil and gas 21 Marine transport infrastructure 19 High impact research / monitoring activities 19 Quarrying 17 Crop production 16 Major linear utilities 13 Surface water pollution 13 Wind 13 Underground transport infrastructure 12 Air pollution 12 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 12 Society's valuing of heritage 10 Invasive / alien marine species 9 Subsistence hunting 8 Mining 7 Renewable energy facilities 6 Storms 6 Earthquake 5 Fire (widlfires) 5 Temperature 4 Military training 3 Ground water pollution 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Input of excess energy 1 Pollution of marine waters 1 Water (extraction) 1 Micro-organisms 1 Temperature change 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1