State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 425 Illegal activities 349 Mining 191 Land conversion 186 Civil unrest 163 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 149 Housing 137 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 132 Financial resources 123 War 118 Human resources 116 Ground transport infrastructure 99 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 83 Management activities 78 Water infrastructure 75 Solid waste 65 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 64 Legal framework 63 Oil and gas 62 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 50 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 49 Water (rain/water table) 47 Fire (widlfires) 45 Forestry /wood production 40 Surface water pollution 38 Governance 37 Interpretative and visitation facilities 34 Crop production 32 Drought 32 Deliberate destruction of heritage 30 Commercial hunting 26 Subsistence hunting 24 Invasive / alien freshwater species 22 Major linear utilities 21 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 20 Water (extraction) 20 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Translocated species 17 Industrial areas 16 Air transport infrastructure 11 Air pollution 11 Commercial development 10 Ground water pollution 10 Flooding 10 Relative humidity 9 Society's valuing of heritage 8 Earthquake 6 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 4 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Terrorism 3 Storms 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1 Volcanic eruption 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1