Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg
Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg
The Varberg Radio Station at Grimeton in southern Sweden (built 1922–24) is an exceptionally well-preserved monument to early wireless transatlantic communication. It consists of the transmitter equipment, including the aerial system of six 127-m high steel towers. Although no longer in regular use, the equipment has been maintained in operating condition. The 109.9-ha site comprises buildings housing the original Alexanderson transmitter, including the towers with their antennae, short-wave transmitters with their antennae, and a residential area with staff housing. The architect Carl Åkerblad designed the main buildings in the neoclassical style and the structural engineer Henrik Kreüger was responsible for the antenna towers, the tallest built structures in Sweden at that time. The site is an outstanding example of the development of telecommunications and is the only surviving example of a major transmitting station based on pre-electronic technology.
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
Station radio Grimeton, Varberg
La station radio Varberg, à Grimeton dans le sud-ouest de la Suède (construite en 1922-24), exceptionnellement bien conservée, est un monument des débuts de la communication transatlantique sans fil. Le site comporte le matériel de transmission, y compris le système d’antennes avec ses 6 pylônes de 127 m de haut. Bien qu’ils ne soient plus utilisés régulièrement, les équipements ont été conservés en état de marche. Sur 109,9 ha, on trouve les bâtiments qui abritent l’émetteur Alexanderson originel, dont les pylônes portant les antennes, des transmetteurs d’ondes courtes avec leurs antennes, ainsi qu’une zone résidentielle comportant les logements de fonction du personnel. L’architecte Carl Åkerblad a dessiné le bâtiment principal en style néoclassique, et les pylônes, les plus hauts construits en Suède à l’époque, sont l’œuvre de l’ingénieur Henrik Kreüger. Le site offre une illustration exceptionnelle du développement des communications ; c’est la seule survivante des grandes stations de transmission radio fondées sur les techniques antérieures à l’ère de l’électronique.
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
إذاعة فاربورغ
تشكّل محطة فاربورغ الإذاعية في غرايمتون جنوب غرب السويد (والتي تمّ تأسيسها عام 1922-1924 وحفظها بصورة ممتازة) نصباً يرتقي الى أوائل الاتصالات اللاسلكية العابرة للأطلسي. ويتضمّن هذا الموقع معدات الإرسال، بما في ذلك نظام الهوائيات المزوّد بستة أبراج للأسلاك ترتفع الى 127 متراً، وقد تمّ الحفاظ على حسن سير هذه المعدات مع أنه لا يتمّ استعمالها بانتظام. وعلى امتداد 109.9 هكتارات، ترتفع المباني التي تحوي جهاز ارسال ألكساندرسون الأصلي وأبراج الهوائيات الخاصة به، الى جانب اجهزة ارسال الموجات القصيرة بهوائياتها ومنطقة سكنية تتضمن منازل العمال. وقد عمد المهندس المعماري كارل اكيربلاد الى تصميم المبنى الرئيس حسب الطراز الكلاسيكي الجديد، أما أبراج الأسلاك الأشد ارتفاعاً في السويد في تلك الحقبة، فمن انجاز المهندس هنريك كروغر. ويجسد هذا الموقع صورة فريدة لتطور الاتصالات، حيث أن المحطة هي الوحيدة المتبقية بين المحطات الكبيرة القائمة على التقنيات السابقة لعصر الالكترونيات.
source: UNESCO/CPE
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
威堡广播站
位于瑞典南部格里默通市的威堡广播站建于1922-1924年，是早期无线电通信的完好见证。该站由无线发射设备组成，包括6座高达127米的发射铁塔。尽管已经不再正常运转，但所有设备都保存如初。占地109.9公顷，除了放置原先的亚历山德森发射装置的建筑，包括发射塔及其天线和短波发射机及其天线之外，还有员工的住宅。建筑师Carl Åkerblad将主建筑设计成新古典主义风格，结构工程师Henrik Kreüger则负责天线塔的设计。天线塔是当时瑞典最高的建筑物。该遗产地是电讯事业发展的杰出代表，并且是现存唯一基于前电气技术建造的主要发射站。
source: UNESCO/CPE
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
Радиостанция Варберг
Построенная в 1922-1924 гг. радиостанция Варберг в Гриметоне, южная Швеция, это исключительно хорошо сохранившийся памятник инженерного искусства, оставшийся от эпохи ранних беспроволочных трансатлантических коммуникаций. Он состоит из передающей установки, включающей систему из шести стальных радиоантенн высотой 127 м. Это оборудование хотя и не используется регулярно, но поддерживается в рабочем состоянии. Архитектор Карл Окерблад спроектировал главные здания радиостанции в неоклассическом стиле, а инженер Хенрик Креугер рассчитал конструкции башен для антенн, которые были на то время самыми высокими сооружениями в Швеции.
source: UNESCO/CPE
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
Emisora de Radio Varberg
Situada en Grimeton, al sudoeste de Suecia, la emisora de radio Varberg fue construida entre 1922 y 1924. Es un edificio monumental extraordinariamente bien conservado y muy representativo de la primera época del sistema de telecomunicaciones inalámbricas entre las dos orillas del Atlántico. El sitio conserva el material de transmisión, que comprende un conjunto de antenas formadas por seis torretas de acero de 127 metros de altura. Aunque ya no se utilizan sistemáticamente, los equipamientos de la emisora se mantienen en estado de funcionamiento. El sitio, que tiene una superficie de109,9 hectáreas, comprende varios edificios donde se hallan la emisora primigenia Alexanderson y varios transmisores de onda corta con sus correspondientes antenas, así como una zona de viviendas para el personal. El arquitecto Carl Åkerblad diseñó los edificios principales en estilo neoclásico y el ingeniero Henrik Kreüger se encargó de la construcción de las antenas, que en su época fueron las estructuras de ingeniería más altas de toda Suecia. La emisora Varberg constituye un testimonio excepcional del desarrollo de las telecomunicaciones y es el único ejemplo existente de una emisora de radio importante basada en la tecnología anterior a la era electrónica.
source: UNESCO/CPE
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
グリメトン・ラジオ無線局、ヴァールベリ
スウェーデン南部のヴァールベリにあるラジオ放送局（1992～24年建設）は、大西洋の東西をつないだ無線通信初期の建物としては、非常に保存状態のよいものである。放送局は常には使用されていないが、設備は整備され、今も稼動できるようになっている。109.9haの敷地には、当時、スウェーデン国内で最も高かった127mのアンテナ鉄塔や、初代アレクサンダーソン製の送信機がある建物、職員住宅地がある。主要建造物は新古典派様式の設計。この放送局は通信の発達を示す傑出した建造物であり、電子技術が生まれる以前の主要な放送局としては、現存する唯一のものである。source: NFUAJ
Varberg radiostation
Het Varberg radiostation op Grimeton in Zuid-Zweden (gebouwd van 1922 tot 1924) is een uitzonderlijk mooi bewaard gebleven monument voor vroege draadloze trans-Atlantische communicatie. Het bestaat uit zenderapparatuur, waaronder een antennesysteem van zes 127-meter hoge stalen torens (de hoogste Zweedse bouwstructuren in die tijd). Het 109,9 hectare grote radiostation wordt gevormd door gebouwen waarin de oorspronkelijke Alexanderson zender gevestigd was – inclusief de antennetorens en kortegolfzenders met hun antennes – en een woonwijk met personeelswoningen. Het radiostation toont de ontwikkeling van de telecommunicatie en is het enige overgebleven voorbeeld van een groot zendstation op basis van pre-elektronische technologie.
Source: unesco.nl
Outstanding Universal Value
Brief synthesis
The Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg parish in southern Sweden, built in 1922-1924, is an exceptionally well-preserved monument to early wireless transatlantic communication. Located on the Swedish west coast, it lies within the “great circle” – an area without obstacles to radio waves – that is centred on New York, the hub of the transatlantic transmitting system. The station property consists of the transmitter equipment, including the aerial system with six enormous steel towers each 127 metres high, buildings housing the original Alexanderson transmitter, and short-wave transmitters with their antennae, as well as a residential area with staff housing. The station’s main buildings, built in the neoclassical style, were designed by architect Carl Åkerblad, and the antenna towers – the tallest constructions in Sweden at that time – were designed by structural engineer Professor Henrik Kreüger. Although the station is no longer in regular use, its equipment is maintained in operating condition. This property is an outstanding illustration of the development of telecommunications. It is unique, being the only surviving example of a major transmitting station based on pre-electronic technology, and stands as a testimony to the earliest part of a new era of communications.
Criterion (ii): Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg is an outstanding monument representing the process of development of communication technology in the period following the First World War.
Criterion (iv): Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg is an exceptionally well preserved example of a type of telecommunication centre, representing the technological achievements by the early 1920s, as well as documenting the further development over some three decades.
Integrity
The Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg, which is still fully operational, retains all the significant elements linked to early wireless telecommunication, including the pre-electronic Alexanderson transmitter equipment housed in its neoclassical building as well as the comprehensive aerial system with towers and antennae. Its boundaries thus adequately ensure the complete representation of the features and processes that convey the property’s significance. The 109.9 ha property, which has a 3.854 ha buffer zone, does not suffer from any adverse effects of development and/or neglect. It has been noted that the property is situated in an attractive part of Sweden that has witnessed a certain amount of development pressure, though concentrated primarily in the coastal region.
Authenticity
The Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg is well preserved in its entirety. It authentically (and uniquely) illustrates an important era in the history of human communication in terms of its forms and designs, materials and substances, use and function, and location and setting. The Alexanderson installation has remained essentially unchanged since the time of its construction in 1922-1924. Any modifications reflect the fact that this station was in continuous operation until it was taken out of commercial use in 1960. After this time, it was used occasionally for military purposes. The station originally included two Alexanderson alternators along with control equipment and auxiliary machinery. One of these was dismantled and scrapped in 1960, but the second is well preserved and fully maintained in operating condition. The antenna plant, with its six towers, is essentially the same today as when it was constructed in 1923-1924. Minor modifications to these towers were undertaken during their forty years of commercial operation. The condition of the transmitter hall is essentially the same as when it was inaugurated in 1925. It has undergone only minor modifications as the result of changing technical and administrative requirements. This also applies to the station’s auxiliary buildings. The houses used for the station’s staff are still used today. From time to time, these buildings have been renovated according to improvements in housing standards, but the historic character of the residential area is preserved.
Protection and management requirements
Several legal acts protect the attributes that sustain the Outstanding Universal Value of the property and regulate this historical site and its buffer zone. The buildings, equipment, and buffer zone are protected under the Historic Environment Act (1988:950) and the Planning and Building Act (1987); the radio station is designated an Area of National Interest for heritage conservation under the federal Environmental Code. The Swedish state, through the Halland County Administrative Board, disposes funds which can be used for the care and maintenance of this property.
The Grimeton Radio Station, Varberg property is managed by a board composed of representatives from the Halland County Administrative Board, Varberg Municipality, and TeliaSonera, which represent the regional and local authorities and the principal founder of the foundation. In addition, an Administrative Council functions as a reference and support group for this board. Members of the Administrative Council include the county governor, politicians, public officials, and experts in relevant technical and cultural fields and in public involvement. A management plan developed in accordance with guidelines set out by UNESCO to address and monitor the protection and conservation needs of this property was adopted in 2004 and revised in 2014. Sustaining the Outstanding Universal Value of the property over time will require managing any risk to the property that could arise from development pressure in this part of Sweden.
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