State of Conservation
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal Seychelles South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 516 Illegal activities 456 Mining 229 Land conversion 210 Civil unrest 190 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 178 Financial resources 173 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 158 Housing 149 Ground transport infrastructure 136 War 135 Human resources 126 Water infrastructure 83 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 83 Management activities 83 Solid waste 72 Legal framework 67 Water (rain/water table) 64 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 63 Oil and gas 62 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 56 Fire (widlfires) 47 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 46 Forestry /wood production 45 Crop production 40 Governance 36 Interpretative and visitation facilities 34 Surface water pollution 34 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 31 Commercial hunting 30 Deliberate destruction of heritage 30 Drought 30 Subsistence hunting 25 Invasive / alien freshwater species 24 Major linear utilities 20 Water (extraction) 19 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Industrial areas 16 Translocated species 16 Air transport infrastructure 11 Air pollution 10 Wind 10 Flooding 10 Storms 10 Commercial development 9 Ground water pollution 9 Relative humidity 9 Society's valuing of heritage 8 Earthquake 6 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 5 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Desertification 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Terrorism 3 Volcanic eruption 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Pests 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.
