i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
ix
x

State of Conservation

128
Reports
128
Properties concerned
69
States Parties with SOC reports
Date Start: 1998close
Date end:1998close
Site State Party Year Threats* Danger List
air and tenere natural reservesAir and Ténéré Natural Reserves niger Niger 1998 Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Decline in wildlife populations
Yes
aksumAksum ethiopia Ethiopia 1998 Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
alhambra, generalife and albayzin, granadaAlhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada spain Spain 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient building complex in the wudang mountainsAncient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains china China 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 1998 Management activities, No
ancient city of polonnaruwaAncient City of Polonnaruwa sri lanka Sri Lanka 1998 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient city of sigiriyaAncient City of Sigiriya sri lanka Sri Lanka 1998 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
ancient thebes with its necropolisAncient Thebes with its Necropolis egypt Egypt 1998 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, No
angkorAngkor cambodia Cambodia 1998 Human resources, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Urgent problems of conservation
Yes
anjarAnjar lebanon Lebanon 1998 Military training, No
arabian oryx sanctuaryArabian Oryx Sanctuary oman Oman 1998 Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
archaeological park and ruins of quiriguaArchaeological Park and Ruins of Quirigua guatemala Guatemala 1998 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Storms, Water (rain/water table), Wind, No
auschwitz birkenau german nazi concentration and extermination camp (1940-1945)Auschwitz Birkenau
German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945)
poland Poland 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
baalbekBaalbek lebanon Lebanon 1998 Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table), No
bahla fortBahla Fort oman Oman 1998 Management activities,
Other Threats: Degradation of the structures
Yes
baroque churches of the philippinesBaroque Churches of the Philippines philippines Philippines 1998 Housing, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, Water (rain/water table), No
białowieża forestBiałowieża Forest belarus,poland Belarus
Poland
1998 Forestry /wood production, Management systems/ management plan, No
burgos cathedralBurgos Cathedral spain Spain 1998 Governance, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need for restoration works
No
butrintButrint albania Albania 1998 Financial resources, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need for monitoring of the situation at the site
Yes
byblosByblos lebanon Lebanon 1998 Management systems/ management plan, Marine transport infrastructure, No
canadian rocky mountain parksCanadian Rocky Mountain Parks canada Canada 1998 Forestry /wood production, Mining, Oil and gas, No
canaima national parkCanaima National Park venezuela (bolivarian republic of) Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 1998 Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
cathedral of notre-dame, former abbey of saint-remi and palace of tau, reimsCathedral of Notre-Dame, Former Abbey of Saint-Rémi and Palace of Tau, Reims france France 1998 Housing, Management systems/ management plan, No
central zone of the town of angra do heroismo in the azoresCentral Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores portugal Portugal 1998 Marine transport infrastructure, No
chan chan archaeological zoneChan Chan Archaeological Zone peru Peru 1998 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Fragility of the abdobe structures
Yes
chavin (archaeological site)Chavin (Archaeological Site) peru Peru 1998 Financial resources, Human resources, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the site
No
chitwan national parkChitwan National Park nepal Nepal 1998 Ground water pollution, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Increase in the natural rate of mortality of the rhinoceros
No
city of cuzcoCity of Cuzco peru Peru 1998 Housing, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
city of quitoCity of Quito ecuador Ecuador 1998 Earthquake, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Financial resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Volcanic eruption, No
cliff of bandiagara (land of the dogons)Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) mali Mali 1998
Other Threats: Need to improve the conservation of both natural and cultural heritage
No
collegiate church, castle and old town of quedlinburgCollegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg germany Germany 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo dominican republic Dominican Republic 1998 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Storms,
Other Threats: Collapse of buildings due to lack of maintenance
No
complex of hue monumentsComplex of Hué Monuments viet nam Viet Nam 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Storms, No
dja faunal reserveDja Faunal Reserve cameroon Cameroon 1998 Commercial hunting, Forestry /wood production, Illegal activities, No
donana national parkDoñana National Park spain Spain 1998 Mining, Surface water pollution, No
durmitor national parkDurmitor National Park montenegro Montenegro 1998 Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Earthen containment structures
No
everglades national parkEverglades National Park united states of america United States of America 1998 Crop production, Housing, Industrial areas, Storms, Surface water pollution, Water infrastructure, Yes
forts and castles, volta, greater accra, central and western regionsForts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions ghana Ghana 1998 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Financial resources, Housing, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Water (rain/water table), Wind,
Other Threats: Salt-laden atmosphere
No
galápagos islandsGalápagos Islands ecuador Ecuador 1998 Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive / alien marine species, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, No
garamba national parkGaramba National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 1998 Civil unrest, Illegal activities, Yes
great barrier reefGreat Barrier Reef australia Australia 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Mining, No
ha long bay - cat ba archipelagoHa Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago viet nam Viet Nam 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Marine transport infrastructure, No
heard and mcdonald islandsHeard and McDonald Islands australia Australia 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul turkiye Türkiye 1998 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to monitor movements which could affect the structure of the building
No
historic cairoHistoric Cairo egypt Egypt 1998 Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic centre (old town) of tallinnHistoric Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn estonia Estonia 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, No
historic centre of bukharaHistoric Centre of Bukhara uzbekistan Uzbekistan 1998 Management activities, No
historic centre of florenceHistoric Centre of Florence italy Italy 1998 Major linear utilities, No
historic centre of limaHistoric Centre of Lima peru Peru 1998 Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need to improve the environment of the convent; Notorious state of degradation; Fire
No
historic centre of oporto, luiz i bridge and monastery of serra do pilarHistoric Centre of Oporto, Luiz I Bridge and Monastery of Serra do Pilar portugal Portugal 1998 Water infrastructure, No
historic centre of pueblaHistoric Centre of Puebla mexico Mexico 1998 Commercial development, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, No
historic centre of santa cruz de mompoxHistoric Centre of Santa Cruz de Mompox colombia Colombia 1998
Other Threats: Fire in the centre of Mompox in 1998
No
historic ensemble of the potala palace, lhasaHistoric Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa china China 1998 Deliberate destruction of heritage, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Relative humidity, Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses, No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu peru Peru 1998 Fire (widlfires), Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, No
historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid yemen Yemen 1998 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management activities, Relative humidity, Solid waste, No
historic walled town of cuencaHistoric Walled Town of Cuenca spain Spain 1998 Ground transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Cybernetic fountain; Panaromic lifts to serve the inscribed part from other quarters of the town
No
huanglong scenic and historic interest areaHuanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area china China 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
huascarán national parkHuascarán National Park peru Peru 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Mining, No
ichkeul national parkIchkeul National Park tunisia Tunisia 1998 Air pollution, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Subsistence hunting, Water (rain/water table), Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Excessive salinity of the water
Yes
iguacu national parkIguaçu National Park brazil Brazil 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Input of excess energy, Water infrastructure, No
island of goreeIsland of Gorée senegal Senegal 1998 Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Dilapidated state of some buildings
No
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique mozambique Mozambique 1998 Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, Storms,
Other Threats: Precarious state of conservation of the stone
No
itchan kalaItchan Kala uzbekistan Uzbekistan 1998 Management activities, No
jiuzhaigou valley scenic and historic interest areaJiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area china China 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, No
joya de ceren archaeological siteJoya de Cerén Archaeological Site el salvador El Salvador 1998 Flooding, Management systems/ management plan, Storms, No
kahuzi-biega national parkKahuzi-Biega National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 1998 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, War, Yes
kakadu national parkKakadu National Park australia Australia 1998 Management systems/ management plan, Mining, No
kathmandu valleyKathmandu Valley nepal Nepal 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Housing, Land conversion, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Need for restoration/consolidation works
No
kyiv: saint-sophia cathedral and related monastic buildings, kyiv-pechersk lavraKyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra ukraine Ukraine 1998 High impact research / monitoring activities, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, No
lake baikalLake Baikal russian federation Russian Federation 1998 Financial resources, Forestry /wood production, Legal framework, Surface water pollution, No
los katios national parkLos Katíos National Park colombia Colombia 1998 Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan, No
manas wildlife sanctuaryManas Wildlife Sanctuary india India 1998 Civil unrest, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion,
Other Threats: Destruction of Park infrastructures
Yes
manovo-gounda st floris national parkManovo-Gounda St Floris National Park central african republic Central African Republic 1998 Illegal activities, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Yes
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan honduras Honduras 1998 Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Storms,
Other Threats: Attention to be paid to the conservation of stone and stuccos
No
memphis and its necropolis – the pyramid fields from giza to dahshurMemphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur egypt Egypt 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Other Threats: Deterioration of the stones
No
morne trois pitons national parkMorne Trois Pitons National Park dominica Dominica 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, No
mosi-oa-tunya / victoria fallsMosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls zambia,zimbabwe Zambia
Zimbabwe
1998 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, No
mount huangshanMount Huangshan china China 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Other Threats: Pine-wilt disease infesting the legendary Huangshan pines
No
mount nimba strict nature reserveMount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve cote d'ivoire,guinea Côte d'Ivoire
Guinea
1998 Financial resources, Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Mining, Yes
mount taishanMount Taishan china China 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Interpretative and visitation facilities, No
mountain resort and its outlying temples, chengdeMountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde china China 1998 Air pollution, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Many buildings in a bad state of conservation
No
nanda devi and valley of flowers national parksNanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks india India 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Conflicts between the management and local people
No
natural and cultural heritage of the ohrid regionNatural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region albania,north macedonia Albania
North Macedonia
1998 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Economic and demographic developments
No
okapi wildlife reserveOkapi Wildlife Reserve democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 1998 Illegal activities, Mining, War, Yes
old city of berneOld City of Berne switzerland Switzerland 1998
Other Threats: Fire in January 1997
No
old city of dubrovnikOld City of Dubrovnik croatia Croatia 1998 Management systems/ management plan, Yes
old city of sana'aOld City of Sana'a yemen Yemen 1998 Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Increasing number of dilapidated buildings
No
old towns of djenneOld Towns of Djenné mali Mali 1998 Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste, No
old walled city of shibamOld Walled City of Shibam yemen Yemen 1998 Flooding, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Poor maintenance
No
palaces and parks of potsdam and berlinPalaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin germany Germany 1998 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
petraPetra jordan Jordan 1998 Commercial development, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Solid waste,
Other Threats: Conservation of antiquities
No
plitvice lakes national parkPlitvice Lakes National Park croatia Croatia 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, No
pre-hispanic city of teotihuacanPre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan mexico Mexico 1998 Commercial development, Management systems/ management plan, No
quseir amraQuseir Amra jordan Jordan 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
rapa nui national parkRapa Nui National Park chile Chile 1998 High impact research / monitoring activities, Marine transport infrastructure, No
rio plátano biosphere reserveRío Plátano Biosphere Reserve honduras Honduras 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Storms, Water infrastructure, Yes
rock carvings in tanumRock Carvings in Tanum sweden Sweden 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, No
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela ethiopia Ethiopia 1998 Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, Water (rain/water table), No
roman monuments, cathedral of st peter and church of our lady in trierRoman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier germany Germany 1998 Housing, No
royal palaces of abomeyRoyal Palaces of Abomey benin Benin 1998 Management systems/ management plan, Yes
sacred city of anuradhapuraSacred City of Anuradhapura sri lanka Sri Lanka 1998 Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park nepal Nepal 1998 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Growing energy demands of the tourist industry
No
sangay national parkSangay National Park ecuador Ecuador 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Management systems/ management plan, Yes
shark bay, western australiaShark Bay, Western Australia australia Australia 1998 Mining, Oil and gas, No
simien national parkSimien National Park ethiopia Ethiopia 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Land conversion,
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Yes
site of palmyraSite of Palmyra syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic 1998 Air pollution, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Localised utilities, Major linear utilities, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Temperature, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: serious weathering of many stone blocks
No
škocjan cavesŠkocjan Caves slovenia Slovenia 1998 Human resources, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
srebarna nature reserveSrebarna Nature Reserve bulgaria Bulgaria 1998 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals, Surface water pollution, Water (extraction) , Water infrastructure,
Other Threats: Loss of biodiversity
Yes
st kildaSt Kilda united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1998 Oil and gas, No
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1998 Ground transport infrastructure, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan, No
sun temple, konarakSun Temple, Konârak india India 1998 Storms,
Other Threats: Gradual deterioration and the structural instability
No
tasmanian wildernessTasmanian Wilderness australia Australia 1998 Forestry /wood production, Ground transport infrastructure, No
tchogha zanbilTchogha Zanbil iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1998 Management activities, Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: absence of a viable method for sustainable conservation of the mud-brick structures; structural problems
No
temple and cemetery of confucius and the kong family mansion in qufuTemple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu china China 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
thungyai-huai kha khaeng wildlife sanctuariesThungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries thailand Thailand 1998 Fire (widlfires), Management systems/ management plan, No
tikal national parkTikal National Park guatemala Guatemala 1998 Management systems/ management plan, Storms, No
tongariro national parkTongariro National Park new zealand New Zealand 1998 Management activities, Society's valuing of heritage, Volcanic eruption, No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic 1998 Housing, Legal framework, Management activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
tyreTyre lebanon Lebanon 1998 Commercial development, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Ground transport infrastructure, Human resources, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, No
vilnius historic centreVilnius Historic Centre lithuania Lithuania 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
virgin komi forestsVirgin Komi Forests russian federation Russian Federation 1998 Mining, No
virunga national parkVirunga National Park democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 1998 Civil unrest, Financial resources, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Land conversion, Mining, Yes
volcanoes of kamchatkaVolcanoes of Kamchatka russian federation Russian Federation 1998 Mining, No
wet tropics of queenslandWet Tropics of Queensland australia Australia 1998 Management systems/ management plan, No
whale sanctuary of el vizcainoWhale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino mexico Mexico 1998 Localised utilities, Marine transport infrastructure,
Other Threats: Decline in sea animals populations
No
wieliczka and bochnia royal salt minesWieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines poland Poland 1998 Relative humidity, Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Gradual degradation
Yes
wulingyuan scenic and historic interest areaWulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area china China 1998 Flooding, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Management systems/ management plan, No
yellowstone national parkYellowstone National Park united states of america United States of America 1998 Forestry /wood production, Ground transport infrastructure, Housing, Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Oil and gas, Renewable energy facilities, Surface water pollution,
Other Threats: Infection threat to bison population
Yes

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.