State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 294 Illegal activities 231 Mining 135 Land conversion 127 Civil unrest 101 Housing 100 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 99 Ground transport infrastructure 78 War 78 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 72 Financial resources 72 Management activities 60 Human resources 59 Water infrastructure 58 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 55 Oil and gas 54 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 53 Solid waste 40 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 37 Legal framework 37 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 34 Fire (widlfires) 34 Water (rain/water table) 33 Governance 33 Surface water pollution 29 Forestry /wood production 29 Interpretative and visitation facilities 27 Deliberate destruction of heritage 26 Drought 25 Major linear utilities 20 Commercial hunting 16 Crop production 16 Subsistence hunting 16 Other climate change impacts 16 Industrial areas 14 Invasive / alien freshwater species 14 Marine transport infrastructure 13 Water (extraction) 13 Air transport infrastructure 11 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 11 Translocated species 11 Commercial development 9 Ground water pollution 9 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Air pollution 7 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Relative humidity 4 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Earthquake 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Terrorism 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Flooding 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1