State of Conservation

States Parties

Australia Bangladesh China India Indonesia Japan Kazakhstan Kiribati Kyrgyzstan Malaysia Mongolia Nepal New Zealand Philippines Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Thailand Uzbekistan Viet Nam

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 147 Illegal activities 103 Ground transport infrastructure 71 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 65 Mining 61 Water infrastructure 60 Financial resources 54 Land conversion 47 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 44 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 40 Human resources 35 Storms 28 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 27 Other climate change impacts 27 Civil unrest 26 Governance 23 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 22 Changes to oceanic waters 22 Forestry /wood production 20 Housing 19 Crop production 18 Marine transport infrastructure 15 Non-renewable energy facilities 15 Surface water pollution 15 Legal framework 15 Water (extraction) 14 Commercial hunting 13 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 13 Temperature change 13 Invasive / alien freshwater species 12 Air pollution 9 Ground water pollution 9 Industrial areas 8 Air transport infrastructure 8 Renewable energy facilities 7 Fire (widlfires) 7 Pollution of marine waters 5 Solid waste 5 Oil and gas 5 Aquaculture 4 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 4 Military training 4 Hyper-abundant species 4 Interpretative and visitation facilities 3 Major linear utilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Subsistence wild plant collection 3 Quarrying 3 Drought 3 Commercial development 1 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 1 Deliberate destruction of heritage 1 Flooding 1 Earthquake 1 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 1 Tsunami/tidal wave 1 Invasive / alien marine species 1 High impact research / monitoring activities 1 Management activities 1