i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
ix
x

State of Conservation

505
Reports
67
Properties concerned
30
States Parties with SOC reports
Date Start: 2009close
Region: Africaclose
Legend

Category of site
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site

Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site Natural site Mixed site

Threats
Management systems/ management plan 330 Illegal activities 268 Mining 157 Land conversion 145 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 116 Housing 115 Civil unrest 115 Ground transport infrastructure 87 War 87 Financial resources 86 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 85 Human resources 75 Management activities 70 Water infrastructure 66 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 64 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 59 Oil and gas 58 Solid waste 47 Legal framework 43 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 42 Fire (widlfires) 39 Water (rain/water table) 38 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 38 Governance 36 Surface water pollution 34 Forestry /wood production 31 Interpretative and visitation facilities 29 Deliberate destruction of heritage 28 Drought 28 Major linear utilities 21 Commercial hunting 20 Crop production 20 Subsistence hunting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Industrial areas 16 Marine transport infrastructure 16 Water (extraction) 16 Invasive / alien freshwater species 16 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 14 Translocated species 14 Air transport infrastructure 11 Commercial development 10 Ground water pollution 10 Air pollution 8 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 8 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Relative humidity 6 Earthquake 6 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Flooding 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Terrorism 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.