State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Niger Senegal South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 342 Management systems/ management plan 221 Mining 190 Civil unrest 159 Land conversion 154 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 142 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 126 War 93 Financial resources 86 Ground transport infrastructure 79 Water infrastructure 69 Human resources 68 Oil and gas 54 Fire (widlfires) 41 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 39 Forestry /wood production 38 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 32 Commercial hunting 29 Drought 29 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 24 Housing 23 Subsistence hunting 23 Surface water pollution 21 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 21 Governance 21 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 20 Invasive / alien freshwater species 20 Water (extraction) 18 Major linear utilities 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Crop production 16 Translocated species 16 Management activities 16 Other climate change impacts 12 Air pollution 10 Legal framework 10 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Solid waste 6 Air transport infrastructure 5 Deliberate destruction of heritage 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Input of excess energy 3 Water (rain/water table) 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Renewable energy facilities 2 Terrorism 2 Volcanic eruption 2
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.