State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Gabon Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Niger Senegal Seychelles South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 414 Management systems/ management plan 264 Mining 218 Civil unrest 176 Land conversion 167 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 151 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 149 Financial resources 110 Ground transport infrastructure 106 War 106 Water infrastructure 82 Human resources 70 Oil and gas 58 Forestry /wood production 43 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 42 Fire (widlfires) 41 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 35 Commercial hunting 31 Drought 31 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 29 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 27 Surface water pollution 25 Housing 24 Subsistence hunting 24 Crop production 21 Invasive / alien freshwater species 21 Governance 21 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 20 Water (extraction) 19 Major linear utilities 18 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Translocated species 17 Management activities 16 Other climate change impacts 12 Air pollution 11 Legal framework 11 Air transport infrastructure 7 Solid waste 7 Water (rain/water table) 7 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Deliberate destruction of heritage 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Input of excess energy 3 Terrorism 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Renewable energy facilities 2 Volcanic eruption 2 Ground water pollution 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.