State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Guinea Kenya Madagascar Malawi Niger Senegal Seychelles South Africa Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ZimbabweThreats
Illegal activities 364 Management systems/ management plan 219 Mining 182 Civil unrest 158 Land conversion 142 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 135 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 123 Financial resources 98 War 95 Ground transport infrastructure 91 Water infrastructure 68 Human resources 59 Oil and gas 43 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 34 Fire (widlfires) 34 Forestry /wood production 32 Commercial hunting 26 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 24 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 24 Drought 23 Crop production 20 Housing 19 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 19 Subsistence hunting 18 Surface water pollution 17 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 15 Water (extraction) 14 Invasive / alien freshwater species 14 Translocated species 14 Management activities 13 Major linear utilities 11 Governance 11 Water (rain/water table) 10 Air pollution 8 Legal framework 8 Other climate change impacts 7 Air transport infrastructure 4 Solid waste 4 Society's valuing of heritage 4 Deliberate destruction of heritage 4 Avalanche/ landslide 4 Input of excess energy 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Renewable energy facilities 2 Volcanic eruption 2
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.