State of Conservation

States Parties

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 455 Housing 309 Management activities 187 War 134 Illegal activities 115 Deliberate destruction of heritage 107 Land conversion 101 Ground transport infrastructure 98 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 96 Water (rain/water table) 94 Human resources 92 Legal framework 87 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 78 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 71 Flooding 61 Financial resources 60 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 55 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 53 Governance 47 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 45 Solid waste 42 Water infrastructure 41 Interpretative and visitation facilities 40 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 39 Commercial development 28 Relative humidity 25 Civil unrest 25 Localised utilities 24 Desertification 23 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 22 Oil and gas 21 Marine transport infrastructure 19 High impact research / monitoring activities 19 Quarrying 17 Crop production 16 Air pollution 15 Major linear utilities 14 Surface water pollution 13 Wind 13 Underground transport infrastructure 12 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 12 Subsistence hunting 10 Society's valuing of heritage 10 Earthquake 9 Invasive / alien marine species 9 Mining 7 Renewable energy facilities 6 Storms 6 Temperature 5 Fire (widlfires) 5 Military training 3 Ground water pollution 2 Other climate change impacts 2 Input of excess energy 1 Pollution of marine waters 1 Water (extraction) 1 Micro-organisms 1 Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses 1 Temperature change 1 Avalanche/ landslide 1